Kusintha Valavu ya Aortic ya Opaleshoni - Tiyeni tikambirane izi mwachidule

Dokotala wanu akakuuzani kuti muyenera kuchitidwa opaleshoni kuti mulowe m'malo mwa valavu yanu ya mtsempha wamagazi chifukwa sikugwira ntchito bwino, mungamve mantha pang'ono komanso mantha. Zimenezo ndi zachilendo. Koma iyi ndi opaleshoni yomwe anthu ambiri amachita ndipo ili ndi zotsatira zabwino. Kotero lero, tiyeni tikambirane za opaleshoni iyi, yomwe ndi Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement (SAVR), m'njira yosavuta kwambiri yomwe idzathetsa kukayikira kwanu konse.

Kodi opaleshoni yobwezeretsa valavu ya aorta (SAVR) kwenikweni ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, SAVR ndi pamene valavu ya aorta yomwe ili mumtima mwanu yawonongeka kwambiri moti sigwiranso ntchito bwino, ndipo valavu yatsopano imayikidwa opaleshoni m'malo mwake.

Tangoganizani kuti valavu ya mtsempha wamagazi ndi 'chitseko' chomwe mtsempha waukulu wamagazi m'thupi lanu (womwe timautcha kuti aorta) umalumikizana ndi mtima wanu. Nthawi iliyonse mtima wanu ukugunda, chitsekochi chimatseguka ndikupopera magazi m'thupi lanu. Kenako, chitseko chimatsekedwa.

Nthawi zina, chifukwa cha ukalamba kapena zifukwa zina, mavuto angabuke ndi chitseko ichi.

• Zitseko sizikutsegulidwa bwino: Monga momwe chitseko chozizira chimagwirira ntchito, valavu iyi singatsegulidwe kwathunthu. M'mawu azachipatala, izi zimatchedwa aortic stenosis . Kenako, ngakhale mtima ukugunda, magazi ochepa satuluka m'thupi.
• Chitseko sichimatseka bwino: Monga chitseko chakale chamatabwa chomwe sichimatseka bwino, valavu iyi imatha kulephera kutseka kwathunthu. Izi zimatchedwa aortic regurgitation . Izi zimapangitsa kuti magazi ena omwe amapopedwa m'thupi abwerere mumtima.

Pamene valavu yalephera kugwira ntchito, mtima wanu uyenera kugwira ntchito molimbika kuposa masiku onse kuti upompe magazi omwe thupi lanu limafunikira. Zili ngati pampu yamadzi yomwe ikuvutika kupompa madzi kudzera mu chitoliro chotsekedwa. Kuyesetsa kowonjezera kumeneku kungawononge mtima wanu pakapita nthawi. Muthanso kukumana ndi zizindikiro monga kupweteka pachifuwa ndi kuvutika kupuma. Ngati simulandira chithandizo, vutoli likhoza kukhala pachiwopsezo pakapita nthawi.

SAVR ndi opaleshoni yotseguka. Izi zikutanthauza kuti dokotala wa opaleshoni amaduladula pachifuwa chanu kuti afike pamtima panu. Popeza iyi ndi opaleshoni yayikulu, pali zoopsa zina. Komabe, dokotala wanu adzakufotokozerani momveka bwino ubwino ndi zoopsa za opaleshoniyi kutengera momwe mulili.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani opaleshoni isanachitike?

Muyenera kuyesedwa kangapo musanachite opaleshoni. Izi zithandiza gulu lanu lachipatala kuwunika bwino vuto la mtima wanu ndikusankha opaleshoni yomwe ili yoyenera kwa inu. Mwachitsanzo, iwo adzasankha ngati opaleshoni ya SAVR kapena kudula kakang'ono kotchedwa TAVR ndikoyenera kwa inu.

Nazi mayeso ena omwe mungafune kuganizira:

• Kukonza Catheter ya Mtima
• X-ray pachifuwa
• Kujambula kwa CT
• Echocardiogram (Echocardiogram - Echo)
• ECG (Electrocardiogram - EKG)
• Kuyezetsa magazi ndi mkodzo

Zonsezi zimachitika kuti muwonetsetse kuti mwakonzeka bwino opaleshoniyo komanso kuti thupi lanu lizitha kupirira. Pambuyo pake, mudzapatsidwa malangizo omveka bwino amomwe mungakonzekerere tsiku la opaleshoniyo.

• Kodi ndiyenera kusiya kudya ndi kumwa nthawi yayitali bwanji ndisanachite opaleshoni?
• Kodi muyenera kusiya kwakanthawi mankhwala aliwonse omwe mukumwa panopa?
• Yakwana nthawi yoti tibwere kuchipatala.
• Zoti mubweretse mukabwera kuchipatala ndi zoti musiye kunyumba.

Ngati pali chilichonse chosadziwika bwino pa malangizo awa, musazengereze kufunsa dokotala kapena namwino wanu. Ngati ndinu wosuta fodya, kusiya kusuta mwamsanga musanachite opaleshoni kungachepetse kwambiri chiopsezo chanu cha mavuto.

Kusankha valavu yosinthira: Kodi mungasankhe chiyani?

Chimodzi mwa zisankho zofunika kwambiri zomwe mungapange pokonzekera opaleshoni ya SAVR ndi mtundu wa valavu yomwe mudzayikemo. Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya valavu. Tiyeni tiwone zabwino ndi zoyipa za chilichonse kuti tikuthandizeni kuzimvetsa bwino.

Dokotala wanu adzakambirana nanu njira zonse ziwiri ndikukulangizani valavu yoyenera kwa inu kutengera zaka zanu, thanzi lanu, komanso moyo wanu. Nthawi zambiri, valavu yamakina imalimbikitsidwa kwa anthu osakwana zaka 50, ndipo valavu yachilengedwe imalimbikitsidwa kwa anthu opitirira zaka 65. Kwa omwe ali pakati, mutha kusankha imodzi kutengera zomwe mumakonda komanso zosowa zanu.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani panthawi ya opaleshoni?

Opaleshoni ya SAVR nthawi zambiri imatenga maola awiri kapena anayi. Simudzamva chilichonse panthawiyi. Njira zomwe zimachitika pa opaleshoniyi ndi izi:

1. Mankhwala Oletsa Kupweteka: Choyamba, gulu lanu losamalira lidzakupatsani mankhwala oletsa kupweteka. Izi zidzakugonetsani tulo tofa nato. Simudzamva kupweteka kulikonse panthawi ya opaleshoni kapena kukumbukira chilichonse chomwe chikuchitika.

2. Kulumikiza ku makina olumikizira mtima ndi mapapo: Kenako, mudzalumikizidwa ku makina olumikizira mtima ndi mapapo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti magazi anu sapita ku mtima ndi mapapo anu panthawi ya opaleshoni, koma m'malo mwake amadutsa mu makina awa, komwe amayeretsedwa ndikubwezeredwa m'thupi lanu. Izi zili ngati kupatsa mtima ndi mapapo anu mpumulo pang'ono. Makina awa amaletsanso mtima wanu kwakanthawi. Izi zimathandiza dokotala wa opaleshoni kuchita opaleshoniyo mosamala pamtima wosagunda.

3. Kuduladula: Dokotala wa opaleshoni amaduladuladula molunjika (sternotomy) pafupifupi mainchesi 1.5 pakati pa chifuwa chanu, motsatira fupa la pachifuwa.

4. Kusintha ma valavu: Kenako, valavu yakale, yowonongeka ya aortic imachotsedwa, kusinthidwa ndi valavu yatsopano ndikusokedwa bwino.

5. Kutseka pachifuwa: Kenako, magawo awiri olekanitsidwa a sternum amalumikizidwanso pogwiritsa ntchito mawaya. Mawaya amenewa nthawi zambiri amasiyidwa pamalo pake kwa moyo wawo wonse. Pomaliza, kudula kwa khungu kumasokedwa kutsekedwa.

Zosankha zochepa kwambiri

Nthawi zina, madokotala amachita opaleshoniyi pogwiritsa ntchito mabala ang'onoang'ono. Dokotala wanu adzakuuzani zambiri ngati opaleshoniyi ndi yoyenera kwa inu.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pambuyo pa opaleshoni? Kodi nthawi yochira imakhala bwanji?

Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, muyenera kukhala m'chipatala kwa masiku pafupifupi asanu. Panthawiyi, gulu lachipatala lidzayang'anira thanzi lanu. Adzakuthandizani kuzolowera kuyenda pang'ono tsiku lililonse ndikubwerera ku zochita zanu zachizolowezi.

Zingatenge milungu inayi mpaka isanu ndi itatu kuti muchiritse bwino mutabwerera kunyumba. Ndizachibadwa kumva kutopa panthawiyi. Thupi lanu limafuna kupuma. Choncho musafulumire kubwerera ku zochita zanu zakale. Tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu ndendende.

Mukachira mokwanira (pambuyo pa milungu 6-8), dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti mulandire chithandizo cha matenda a mtima. Iyi ndi pulogalamu yoyang'aniridwa yomwe imakuthandizani kuti mubwerere pang'onopang'ono komanso mosamala ku masewera olimbitsa thupi. Mudzapatsidwanso malangizo okhudza kusintha moyo wanu, monga kutsatira zakudya zabwino za mtima komanso kusiya kusuta fodya.

Kodi ubwino, zoopsa, ndi kuchuluka kwa kupambana kwa opaleshoniyi ndi kotani?

Kusintha valavu yolakwika kungapulumutse moyo. Vutoli likhoza kupha ngati silinachiritsidwe.

Kwa anthu ambiri, chiopsezo cha mavuto aakulu monga imfa kapena sitiroko ndi chochepa kwambiri. Chiwopsezochi chimasiyana kuyambira 1% mpaka 2%. Chiwopsezochi chimatha kusiyana malinga ndi zinthu monga zaka zanu komanso thanzi lanu lonse. Dokotala wanu adzakufotokozerani za chiopsezo chanu.

Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi opaleshoni iliyonse, pakhoza kukhala zovuta zina.

• Kusakhazikika kwa kugunda kwa mtima (Arrhythmia)
• Kufunika kuikidwa pacemaker yokhazikika
• Kutuluka magazi
• Matenda
• Stroke
• Imfa

Zoopsa izi sizili zofanana kwa aliyense. Zimasiyana malinga ndi msinkhu wanu komanso matenda ena. Dokotala wanu adzachita zonse zomwe angathe kuti achepetse zoopsazi.

Kodi muyenera kulankhula ndi dokotala liti?

Pamene mukuchira kunyumba, ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwitsa dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo ngati mukupeza zizindikiro zilizonse zoopsa. Dziwani bwino zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

Ndizachibadwa kuchita mantha mukazindikira kuti muyenera kusintha valavu ya mtima. Koma kumbukirani, iyi ndi njira yomwe imathandiza mtima wanu, monga kukonza chinthu chomwe chasweka m'nyumba mwanu. Pambuyo pa opaleshoni iyi, mtima wanu udzatha kugwira ntchito mosavuta, ndipo mudzamva bwino. Ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza izi, musazengereze kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu ndikukhazikitsa mtima wanu pansi.