Mwina mwamvapo za "Black Death" m'mabuku a mbiri yakale. Ndi mliri waukulu womwe unafalikira padziko lonse lapansi zaka mazana ambiri zapitazo, ndipo unapha anthu mamiliyoni ambiri. Lero tikambirana za matenda amenewo, Mliri. Dzinalo likumveka ngati loopsa pang'ono. Koma nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti ndi matenda osowa kwambiri masiku ano. Ndipo ngati atapezeka ndi kuchiritsidwa msanga, akhoza kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu. Choncho tiyeni tidziwe bwino.
Kodi mliri uwu ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, mliri ndi matenda opatsirana omwe amakhudza anthu ndi nyama. Umayamba chifukwa cha mtundu wa mabakiteriya otchedwa `Yersinia pestis` .
Matendawa nthawi zambiri amafalikira ndi utitiri. Utitiri uwu ukayamwa magazi a nyama zomwe zili ndi kachilomboka, monga makoswe, mbewa, ndi agologolo ang'onoang'ono, mabakiteriya omwe ali m'thupi la nyamayo amalowa mu utitiri. Kenako, utitiri uwu ukaluma nyama ina kapena munthu, mabakiteriyawo amalowa m'thupi la munthuyo. Sikuti kokha, matendawa amathanso kufalikira pokhudzana mwachindunji ndi nyama zomwe zili ndi kachilomboka kapena odwala omwe ali ndi kachilomboka.
Tikudziwa zambiri zokhudza momwe tingapewere matenda opatsirana kuposa makolo athu. Chifukwa chake, miliri ndi yosowa kwambiri masiku ano. Milandu yochepa chabe ndi yomwe imanenedwa padziko lonse lapansi chaka chilichonse. Koma ndikofunikira kudziwa.
Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya miliri ndi iti?
Pali mitundu itatu ikuluikulu ya chimfine. Mtundu uliwonse umakhudza thupi mosiyana. Tiyeni timvetse bwino mitundu itatuyi pogwiritsa ntchito tebulo.
| Mtundu wa Mliri | Nthawi zambiri njira yopatsira | Mfundo zofunika |
|---|---|---|
| Mliri wa Bubonic | Kuluma kwa utitiri womwe uli ndi kachilomboka. | Mtundu wofala kwambiri. Ma lymph nodes amatupa ndipo ziphuphu zopweteka (buboes) zimapangika. |
| Mliri wa Septicemia | Kulumidwa ndi utitiri kapena kukhudza nyama yomwe ili ndi kachilomboka. | Mabakiteriya amalowa m'magazi mwachindunji. Ngati sanalandire chithandizo, mliri wa bubonic plague ukhozanso kukula kukhala vutoli. |
| Mliri wa Chibayo | Mwa kupuma madontho ochokera ku kutsokomola kapena kutsokomola kwa munthu amene ali ndi kachilomboka. | Mtundu woopsa komanso woopsa kwambiri. Uwu ndi mtundu wokhawo womwe ungapatsiridwe kuchokera kwa munthu wina kupita kwa wina. |
Kodi zizindikiro zake ndi ziti? Tiyeni tipeze yankho lenileni.
Zizindikiro za chimfine nthawi zambiri zimawonekera pakati pa tsiku limodzi ndi 8 mutachilandira. Poyamba mungamve kutopa kwambiri komanso kufooka. Izi zimatsatiridwa ndi zizindikiro wamba monga malungo, kuzizira, ndi mutu. Kenako, mutha kukhala ndi zizindikiro zinazake kutengera mtundu wa chimfine chomwe muli nacho.
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi ndipo mwakhala pamalo omwe makoswe amapezeka, muyenera kuwona dokotala nthawi yomweyo . Ngakhale maola ochepa angathandize kwambiri.
| Mtundu wa matenda | Zizindikiro zazikulu |
|---|---|
| Mliri wa Bubonic | Ma lymph nodes otupa m'khwapa, pakhosi, kapena m'mimba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ziphuphu zopweteka kwambiri (buboes). |
| Mliri wa Septicemia | • Kutuluka magazi mkamwa, m'mphuno, kapena m'chimbudzi. • Kutuluka magazi pansi pa khungu. • Kuda kwa malo monga mphuno ndi zala. • Kupweteka m'mimba, kutsegula m'mimba, kusanza, ndi kugwedezeka. |
| Mliri wa Chibayo | • Kupweteka pachifuwa. • Chifuwa (mwina ndi magazi m'chifuwa). • Kuvuta kupuma. • Kusanza ndi kusanza. |
Kodi mungapewe bwanji izi? (Kupewa)
Pakadali pano palibe katemera wogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri wa matendawa, choncho chinthu chabwino kwambiri kuchita ndikutenga njira zodzitetezera ku matendawa.
- Kulamulira Makoswe: Tsekani mabowo ndi mipata iliyonse m'nyumba mwanu yomwe imalola nyama monga makoswe ndi agologolo kulowa.
- Sungani malo oyera: Sungani munda mwaukhondo. Chotsani zinthu monga masamba, mitengo, ndi milu ya miyala yomwe nyama zingabisalemo.
- Chitetezo ku utitiri: Ngati mukuyenda m'mapiri kapena m'nkhalango, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo, makamaka omwe ali ndi DEET.
- Samalani mukamagwira ntchito ndi nyama: Onetsetsani kuti mwavala magolovesi ngati mukugwira nyama zakuthengo zodwala kapena zakufa.
- Samalirani ziweto zanu: Patsani galu wanu kapena mphaka wanu mankhwala ophera utitiri. Musalole ziweto zakunja kugona pabedi panu.
Kodi pali chithandizo? Kodi ndiyenera kuopa?
Ayi, musadandaule. Chikuku ndi matenda ochiritsika kwathunthu ndi chithandizo . Koma ndikofunikira kwambiri kuyamba chithandizo mwachangu momwe mungathere .
Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro, dokotala wanu adzakulowetsani kuchipatala ndikukupatsani maantibayotiki. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala monga `Ciprofloxacin`, ` Doxycycline` , `Gentamicin` amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mankhwalawa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera.
Chithandizo chikayamba, anthu ambiri amachira mkati mwa sabata imodzi kapena ziwiri. Komabe, ngati sanalandire chithandizo, mitundu ya `Septicemic` ndi `Pneumonic` ingakhale yoopsa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ngati mukukayikira zizindikiro, musachedwe ndikupita kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Mliri wa mliri ndi matenda akale otchedwa "Black Death", koma ndi osowa kwambiri masiku ano.
- Matendawa amafalikira makamaka ndi utitiri pa nyama monga makoswe.
- Pali mitundu itatu ikuluikulu: ya bubonic, septicemic, ndi pneumonic. Yoopsa kwambiri mwa izi ndi pneumonic plague.
- Malungo, mutu, kupweteka kwa thupi, ndi kutupa, ndi zotupa zopweteka ndiye zizindikiro zazikulu. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi , musataye nthawi ndikupita kwa dokotala.
- Matendawa amatha kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu powazindikira msanga komanso kumwa mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Choncho musachite mantha mosayenera, koma samalani.
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