Tonsefe timaganizira kwambiri za khungu lathu ndi momwe tingalisungire lokongola, sichoncho? Palibe chomwe sitichita kuti likhale lowala komanso losalala. Koma kodi munayamba mwaganizapo kuti khungu lanu si chivundikiro chokha, koma chishango chodabwitsa chomwe chimateteza thupi lathu lonse? Chifukwa chake, gawo lofunika kwambiri, looneka bwino la chishango choteteza ichi ndi khungu la khungu, lomwe tikambirana lero.
Mwachidule, kodi khungu la epidermis ndi chiyani?
Taganizirani khungu lathu ngati khoma lopangidwa ndi zigawo zitatu. Gawo lapamwamba la khoma ili, gawo lomwe timaliona ndi kulikhudza, limatchedwa epidermis. Pansi pake pali zigawo zina ziwiri zazikulu, dermis ndi hypodermis.
Khungu la khungu ndiye gawo lopyapyala kwambiri pakhungu. Koma chodabwitsa n'chakuti, gawo lopyapyala ili ndi lomwe limayang'anira kuteteza thupi lathu ku dziko lakunja. Chodabwitsa kwambiri ndichakuti mkati mwa gawo lopyapyala ili, muli zigawo zina zisanu zazing'ono! Zili ngati anyezi wokhala ndi zigawo zambiri.
Kodi zigawo 5 zazing'ono zomwe zili mu khungu la epidermis ndi ziti?
Tiyeni tsopano tiwone zigawo zisanu zomwe zimapanga gawo lalikulu ili, epidermis. Izi zakonzedwa motsatira dongosolo kuyambira pansi mpaka pamwamba.
| Dzina la Gulu | Chimene chimachitika ndi chophweka |
|---|---|
| 1. Stratum basale (pansi) | Apa ndi 'fakitale' komwe maselo atsopano a khungu amapangidwa. Maselo otchedwa keratinocytes amapangidwa pano ndipo amakwera mmwamba. Maselo amenewa amapanga puloteni yotchedwa keratin yomwe imathandiza kumanga tsitsi lathu, misomali, ndi gawo lapamwamba la khungu lathu. Ma Melanocytes , omwe amapanga utoto wa melanin womwe umapatsa khungu lathu mtundu wake, amapezekanso mu gawoli. |
| 2. Stratum spinosum | Apa ndi pomwe maselo a keratinocyte amamatirana ndipo amalumikizana pamodzi. Izi ndi zomwe zimapatsa khungu lathu mphamvu ndi kusinthasintha kwake. Chigawochi chimathandiza kuti khungu lisang'ambike likatambasulidwa kapena kusunthidwa. |
| 3. Stratum granulosum (Stratum granulosum) | Tikafika pa gawo ili, maselo amayamba kufa, mawonekedwe awo amakhala athyathyathya, ndipo apa ndi pomwe amayamba kupanga chotchinga chamafuta chomwe chimaletsa madzi kulowa pakhungu. |
| 4. Stratum lucidum | Uwu ndi gawo lapadera kwambiri. Silipezeka m'thupi lathu lonse. Limapezeka kokha m'malo omwe timagwiritsa ntchito khungu lathu kwambiri, komwe kuli khungu lokhuthala. Mwachitsanzo, m'manja ndi m'mapazi athu . Uwu ndi gawo lowonekera lomwe limapereka chitetezo chowonjezera. |
| 5. Stratum corneum (Pamwamba) | Iyi ndi mbali ya khungu yomwe timaiona ndi kuikhudza, mbali yomwe timaitcha khungu lathu. Ili ndi maselo akufa okha, osalala a keratin. Iyi ndi chishango chathu chenicheni choteteza. Ndi gawo ili lomwe limatiteteza ku mikwingwirima, kuwala kwa dzuwa, kutentha, ndi majeremusi. Maselo akufa awa amagwa pang'onopang'ono, ndipo maselo atsopano amatuluka pansi kuti adzaze mipata. |
Mwachidule, khungu lathu limadzikonzanso lokha nthawi zonse. Nthawi zambiri zimatenga pafupifupi mwezi umodzi kuti selo latsopano lipangidwe pansi (Stratum basale) kenako limatuluka kuchokera pamwamba (Stratum corneum).
Kodi kusiyana pakati pa epidermis ndi dermis ndi kotani?
Monga tafotokozera kale, khungu la khungu ndi gawo lapamwamba, ndipo khungu la khungu ndi gawo lapakati pansi pake. Pali kusiyana koonekeratu pakati pa ziwirizi.
| Mbali | Epidermis | Dermis |
|---|---|---|
| Malo | Chigawo chakunja cha khungu. | Gawo lapakati pansi pa khungu la khungu. |
| Kukhuthala | Khungu lopyapyala kwambiri. (monga, lopyapyala ngati tsamba pa chikope) | Khungu lokhuthala kwambiri. |
| Zamkati mkati | Makamaka maselo monga ma keratinocyte ndi ma melanocyte. Palibe mitsempha yamagazi. | Mitsempha yamagazi, mitsempha, ma glands a thukuta, ma glands opanga mafuta, ndi ma follicle a tsitsi zonse zili pano. |
Kodi ntchito zazikulu zomwe khungu la epidermis limapereka kwa thupi lathu ndi ziti?
Ntchito yomwe gawo laling'onoli, lopyapyala limapereka ku thupi lathu si ntchito yaing'ono.
- Kuchuluka kwa madzi m'thupi: Gawo lapamwamba la khungu lathu (stratum corneum) limaletsa madzi kusungunuka ndipo limasunga chinyezi m'khungu.
- Kupanga maselo atsopano a khungu: Monga tafotokozera kale, maselo atsopano omwe amapangika pansi pa khungu nthawi zonse amakonzanso khungu mwa kuchotsa maselo akale, akufa.
- Chitetezo: Iyi ndiyo ntchito yaikulu. Monga chitetezo, imaletsa majeremusi (mabakiteriya, mavairasi), mankhwala, ndi kuwala koopsa kwa UV kuti kusalowe m'thupi lathu.
- Mtundu wa khungu: Melanin, utoto wopangidwa ndi maselo a melanocyte, umapatsa khungu lathu, tsitsi, ndi maso athu mtundu wawo.
Kodi ndi matenda ati omwe amakhudza khungu la epidermis?
Ngakhale kuti ndife chitetezo chathu, khungu la khungu nthawi zina limakhudzidwa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Zina mwa izi ndi zinthu zomwe mumazidziwa bwino.
- Ziphuphu
- Zithupsa
- Nsalu ya dandruff
- Chikanga
- Khansa ya pakhungu monga melanoma
Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro monga mawanga atsopano pakhungu lanu omwe amasintha mtundu kapena mawonekedwe, khungu louma, losweka, kapena khungu lotupa, ndi bwino kuonana ndi dokotala nthawi yomweyo kuti akupatseni upangiri .
Zinthu zomwe tingachite kuti khungu lathu likhale lathanzi komanso lokongola
Tiyeneranso kusamalira mtetezi wathu wamtengo wapatali uyu, sichoncho? Nazi malangizo osavuta ochitira zimenezo.
- Khazikitsani zizolowezi zabwino zosamalira khungu:Tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu okhudza chisamaliro cha khungu. Gwiritsani ntchito sopo wofewa, wosapweteka posamba thupi lanu.
- Momwe mungaumitsire thupi lanu: Ndi bwino kupukuta thupi lanu pang'onopang'ono ndi thaulo, m'malo molipukuta mwamphamvu.
- Gwiritsani ntchito mafuta odzola: Kupaka mafuta odzola khungu lanu likadali lonyowa mukatha kusamba kungathandize kuti chinyezi chisalowe. Ndi bwino kuyika kawiri kapena katatu patsiku.
- Musasambe ndi madzi otentha: Kusamba ndi madzi otentha kungachotse mafuta achilengedwe pakhungu ndi kuliumitsa. Gwiritsani ntchito madzi ofunda m'malo mwake.
- Imwani madzi ambiri: Imwani magalasi osachepera 8 a madzi patsiku. Izi zimathandiza kuti khungu lanu likhale ndi madzi okwanira mkati.
- Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi: Phatikizani zakudya zokhala ndi ma antioxidants ambiri, monga zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, masamba obiriwira, ndi nsomba zokhala ndi Omega-3 yambiri.
- Dzitetezeni ku dzuwa: Gwiritsani ntchito mafuta oteteza khungu lanu omwe ali ndi SPF 30 nthawi iliyonse mukatuluka, kaya kuli dzuwa kapena ayi. Ichi ndi chinthu chabwino kwambiri chomwe mungachite kuti muteteze khungu lanu.
- Pewani kukanda khungu lanu: Ngati muli ndi kuyabwa kapena ziwengo pakhungu lanu, kukanda kungapangitse vutoli kukhala loipa kwambiri. Ngati pakufunika kutero, pitani kwa dokotala.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Khungu la khungu ndi gawo lapamwamba kwambiri, lopyapyala la khungu lathu lomwe limatiteteza ku dziko lakunja.
- Mu gawo lochepa ili, pali zigawo zina 5 zazing'ono. Chilichonse chimagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana.
- Ntchito zazikulu za khungu la khungu ndi kuteteza thupi lathu, kusunga chinyezi, kupanga maselo atsopano, ndi kupatsa khungu mtundu.
- Mwa kumwa madzi ambiri, kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta oteteza ku dzuwa nthawi zonse, mutha kusunga gawo lofunika kwambiri la khungu lanu kukhala lathanzi.
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