Tiyeni tiphunzire zonse zokhudza kugunda kwa moyo wathu - mtima.

Kodi munayamba mwaika dzanja lanu pachifuwa panu n’kumvetsera phokoso limenelo? Phokoso limenelo lopitirira... gwirani... ndilo kamvekedwe ka moyo wathu. Umenewo ndi mtima wathu. Monga momwe pampu yamadzi imagwirira ntchito m’nyumba, chiwalo chaching’ono ichi chimatisunga ndi moyo mwa kupopa magazi m’thupi lathu lonse. Choncho, lero, tiyeni tikambirane za chiwalo chodabwitsa ichi chomwe chili chamtengo wapatali kwa ife, mtima wathu, mwatsatanetsatane , ngati kuti tikulankhula ndi mnzanu.

Kodi mtima ndi chiyani? Kodi umagwira ntchito yanji kwenikweni?

Mwachidule, mtima ndi chiwalo champhamvu kwambiri, chokhala ndi minofu yofanana ndi chibakera chanu. Ndiwo mbuye wa dongosolo lathu lozungulira magazi . Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikupopa magazi m'thupi lonse.

Taganizirani izi, selo lililonse m'thupi lathu limafunikira mpweya ndi michere kuti ligwire ntchito. Monga momwe galimoto imafunikira mafuta. Chifukwa chake, mpweya ndi michere iyi zimapita ku ziwalo zonse za thupi kudzera m'magazi chifukwa mtima umapopa. Komanso, magazi awa amasonkhanitsa zinthu zosafunikira zomwe zimapangidwa m'maselo, makamaka zinthu zotayidwa monga carbon dioxide, ndikuzinyamula kupita nazo kumalo oyenera kuti zichotsedwe m'thupi.

Kuwonjezera pa ntchito yaikulu imeneyo, mtima umachita zinthu zina zofunika:

• Zimalamulira kugunda kwa mtima ndi kayimbidwe kake: Izi ndi zomwe zimalamulira mtima kuti ugwire mofulumira tikagona komanso tikamachita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
• Amawongolera kuthamanga kwa magazi: Mtima umathandiza kuti magazi azigwira ntchito bwino m'makoma a mitsempha pamene akuyenda m'mitsempha.

Mtima sugwira ntchito wokha kuti uchite izi. Thupi lathu la mitsempha ndi dongosolo la endocrine , lomwe ndi dongosolo lomwe limapanga mahomoni, limalamulira zonsezi pamodzi.

Ndi ziwalo ziti za mtima zomwe zili ngati nyumba?

Njira yabwino yodziwira kapangidwe ka mtima ndi kuyerekeza ndi nyumba yaikulu. Nyumbayi ili ndi makoma, zipinda, zitseko, mapaipi amadzi, ndi makina amagetsi. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili.

1. Makoma a Mtima - Monga makoma a nyumba

Makoma a mtima ndi minofu yomwe imakoka (kufinya) ndikupumula (kupumula) kuti ipompe magazi. Makoma awa amapangidwa ndi zigawo zitatu zazikulu:

• Endocardium: Gawo lopyapyala lamkati.
• Myocardium: Gawo lapakati, lokhuthala komanso lamphamvu kwambiri la minofu. Limagwira ntchito yaikulu yopompa mtima.
• Epicardium: Chigawo chakunja choteteza.

Mtima wonse uli ndi thumba loteteza lotchedwa pericardium . Madzi omwe ali mkati mwa thumba ili amaletsa mtima kugundana ndi ziwalo zozungulira, monga mapapo, ukagunda.

2. Zipinda za Mtima - Monga zipinda zinayi za nyumba

Mtima wathu uli ndi zipinda zazikulu zinayi, kapena zipinda. Zipinda ziwiri pamwamba ndi ziwiri pansi.

3. Ma Valves a Mtima - Monga zitseko za nyumba

Pali ziwalo zofanana ndi chitseko m'mitsempha yayikulu zomwe zimanyamula magazi pakati pa zipindazi ndi kutuluka m'zipindazi. Izi zimatchedwa ma valve. Ntchito yawo yayikulu ndikulola magazi kuyenda mbali imodzi yokha . Amaletsa magazi kuyenda chammbuyo. Pali ma valve anayi akuluakulu.

• Valavu ya tricuspid: Chitseko pakati pa atrium yakumanja ndi ventricle yakumanja.
• Valavu ya m'mapapo:Msewu womwe umatulutsa magazi kuchokera ku ventricle yakumanja kupita ku mapapo umayambira.
• Valavu ya Mitral: Chitseko pakati pa atrium yakumanzere ndi ventricle yakumanzere.
• Valavu ya mtsempha wamagazi: Chipata chomwe chili kumayambiriro kwa mtsempha wamagazi, mtsempha waukulu womwe umanyamula magazi kuchokera ku ventricle yakumanzere kupita ku thupi lonse.

4. Mitsempha ya Magazi - Monga mapaipi amadzi m'nyumba

Pali njira yolumikizirana ya machubu omwe amanyamula ndikubweza magazi kuchokera mumtima kupita m'thupi lonse. Mitundu itatu ikuluikulu ndi iyi.

• Mitsempha yamagazi: Mitsempha yomwe imanyamula magazi okhala ndi mpweya kuchokera mumtima kupita ku thupi lonse. Monga misewu ikuluikulu.
• Mitsempha: Mitsempha yomwe imanyamula magazi osowa mpweya kuchokera mbali zina za thupi kupita kumtima.
• Ma capillaries: Mitsempha yamagazi yaying'ono kwambiri. Imalumikiza mitsempha yamagazi ndi mitsempha. Kusinthana kwa mpweya ndi maselo a thupi ndi kuchotsedwa kwa carbon dioxide kumachitika m'mitsempha iyi.

5. Dongosolo Loyendetsera Magesi - Monga mawaya amagetsi m'nyumba

Mtima sumangogunda kokha. Uli ndi njira yolumikizira magetsi. Uli ngati mawaya amagetsi m'nyumba. Chifukwa cha njira imeneyi, zipinda za mtima zimagundana mozungulira bwino komanso mwadongosolo.

• Sinoatrial node (SA): Iyi ndiye jenereta yayikulu ya mtima. Chizindikiro chamagetsi chomwe chimapangitsa mtima kugunda chimayambira apa.
• Nthambi ya Atrioventricular (AV): Imalandira chizindikiro kuchokera ku node ya SA ndikutumiza ku maselo omwe ali pansipa mochedwa pang'ono. Kuchedwa pang'ono kumeneku kumalola atria kuti igwire bwino ndikudzaza maselo ndi magazi.
• Chizindikirochi chimafalikira m'maselo onse kudzera mu ulusi wapadera (ulusi wa Purkinje) ndipo chimapangitsa kuti ziume.

Matenda a mtima ndi zizindikiro zake

Popeza mtima ndi chiwalo chotanganidwa kwambiri, pali matenda ambiri omwe amakhudza mtima. Matenda a mtima ndiye omwe amachititsa imfa zambiri ku Sri Lanka komanso padziko lonse lapansi. Tiyeni tiwone matenda omwe amapezeka kwambiri.

• Arrhythmia: Kugunda kwa mtima kosakhazikika. Kungagunde mofulumira kwambiri, pang'onopang'ono kwambiri, kapena kungagunde mosakhazikika.
• Matenda a mitsempha ya mtima: Mafuta (cholesterol) amaikidwa m'mitsempha yomwe imapereka magazi kumtima, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magaziwo achepe. Ichi ndiye chifukwa chachikulu cha matenda a mtima.
• Matenda a mtima / matenda a mtima: Pamene mitsempha ya mtima yatsekedwa kwathunthu, magazi opita ku minofu ya mtima amatsekedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti minofu ya mtima ife.
• Kulephera kwa mtima kotsekeka:Kufooka kwa mphamvu ya mtima yopompa magazi. Izi zimapangitsa kuti ulephere kupompa magazi okwanira m'thupi.
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi: Kuthamanga kwa magazi komwe kumachitika pamene akuyenda m'mitsempha kumakhala kokwera kuposa kwachibadwa. Nthawi zambiri kumatchedwa "wakupha mwakachetechete" chifukwa nthawi zambiri sikumayambitsa zizindikiro.
• Matenda a valavu ya mtima: Zitseko za mtima, zomwe ndi mavalavu, sizimatsegula kapena kutseka bwino.

Kodi zizindikiro za vutoli ndi ziti?

Ngati muli ndi chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa zizindikirozi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kupita kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo .

• Kupweteka pachifuwa, kulimba, kapena kusapeza bwino.
• Kugunda kwa mtima.
• Kuvuta kupuma.
• Chizungulire, kumva ngati ukuzungulira.
• Kumva kutopa kwambiri (Kutopa).
• Kutupa kwa miyendo ndi akakolo.

Kodi mungatani kuti mtima wanu ukhale wathanzi?

Ngakhale matenda a mtima ndi vuto lalikulu, nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti tingachepetse kwambiri chiopsezochi mwa kusintha moyo wathu.

Nazi zinthu zosavuta zomwe mungachite:

• Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi: Idyani ndiwo zamasamba, zipatso, nyemba, ndi tirigu wambiri (monga mpunga wofiirira ndi oats). Chepetsani kudya mafuta, mchere, shuga, ndi zakudya zokonzedwa kale.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse: Yesetsani kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa mphindi zosachepera 150 pa sabata, monga kuyenda mwachangu, kuthamanga, kapena kusambira.
• Khalani ndi kulemera kwabwino: Kusunga kulemera kwabwino malinga ndi kutalika kwanu kumachepetsa zoopsa monga kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi matenda a shuga.
• Pewani kusuta fodya kotheratu: Kusuta fodya ndi mdani wamkulu wa mtima. Ngati ndinu wosuta fodya, funani thandizo kuti musiye.
• Kuchepetsa kupsinjika maganizo: Kupsinjika maganizo n'koipa pamtima. Mutha kuchepetsa kupsinjika maganizo pochita zinthu monga kusinkhasinkha, yoga, kapena kuchita zinthu zomwe mumakonda.
• Yesani kuthamanga kwa magazi anu, cholesterol, ndi shuga: Pita kukayezetsa kuchipatala nthawi zonse ndipo dziwani kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi anu. Ngati kuli kofunikira, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani molondola.

Mtima wanu ndi mphatso yamtengo wapatali kwambiri yomwe mudalandirapo. Ndi udindo wanu kuusamalira bwino. Ngati muli ndi nkhawa iliyonse yokhudza thanzi la mtima wanu, musaope kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu.