Kodi mukuda nkhawanso ndi kuwonjezeka kwa mahomoni a amuna m'thupi? Tiyeni tikambirane za hyperandrogenism!

Kodi mukuda nkhawa ndi kusintha kwina m'thupi lanu? Mwina chifukwa chake ndi kuwonjezeka kwa androgen, mtundu wa mahomoni achimuna, m'thupi. Matendawa amatchedwa hyperandrogenism m'mankhwala. Musadandaule, tikambirana izi mwachidule, m'njira yomwe mungamvetse.

Kodi hyperandrogenism kwenikweni ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, hyperandrogenism imatanthauza kuti thupi lanu lili ndi ma androgens ambiri, mtundu wa mahomoni ogonana. Ma androgens ndi ofunikira pa msinkhu wotha msinkhu, thanzi lobereka, komanso kukula kwa thupi.

Tsopano taonani, mahomoni ndi mankhwala m'thupi lathu. Ali ngati amithenga. Amayenda m'magazi ndipo amauza ziwalo zathu, minofu, ndi minofu ina zoyenera kuchita komanso nthawi yoyenera kuchita.

Ma androgens amapangidwa m'thupi la munthu aliyense. Koma amuna ndi omwe amapanga kwambiri. Akazi amapanga pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo khumi ndi awiri a kuchuluka kwa mahomoni m'thupi la mwamuna. Testosterone ndiye androgens yaikulu kwambiri.

Ma androgens amapangidwa ndi ma testes mwa amuna ndi mazira mwa akazi. Ma hormone amenewa amapangidwanso ndi ma adrenal glands omwe ali pamwamba pa impso zathu. Amathandizanso kusintha ma androgens ofooka kukhala olimba m'malo monga minofu yamafuta ndi khungu.

Zizindikiro za vutoli, lotchedwa hyperandrogenism, zimatha kusiyana malinga ndi zaka zanu komanso jenda lanu. Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zingayambitse vutoli, ndipo pali njira zochizira.

Kodi Hyperandrogenism ndi PCOS ndi chinthu chimodzi?

Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti hyperandrogenism ndi polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) ndi matenda omwewo. Ngakhale pali ubale wapafupi pakati pa awiriwa, si ofanana.

Kuchuluka kwa ma androgens m'thupi ndi chizindikiro chachikulu cha PCOS. PCOS ndi kusalinganika kwa mahomoni komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha mazira omwe amapanga mahomoni ambiri achimuna. Amakhudza akazi.

Ngakhale kuti PCOS ndi chifukwa chofala cha hyperandrogenism, pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zina za hyperandrogenism. Mofananamo, PCOS ili ndi zizindikiro zina, monga ma cysts a ovarian, kuwonjezera pa zizindikiro za hyperandrogenism.

Ndani amene amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi vutoli? Kodi ndi lofala bwanji?

Hyperandrogenism ingakhudze aliyense - ana aang'ono, akuluakulu, aliyense. Komabe, imapezeka kwambiri mwa akazi a msinkhu wobereka .

Pakati pa 5% ndi 10% ya akazi a msinkhu woberekaIzi zikukhudza. Izi zikutanthauza kuti izi sizosowa monga momwe mungaganizire.

Vutoli silikhudza anyamata ndi amuna akuluakulu nthawi zambiri.

Kodi zizindikiro za izi ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za hyperandrogenism zimasiyana malinga ndi jenda lanu komanso ngati mwatha msinkhu.

Koma apa pali chinthu chofunikira kukumbukira. Ngakhale mutakhala ndi zizindikiro izi, kuchuluka kwa androgen m'magazi mwanu kungakhale kwabwinobwino. Izi zili choncho chifukwa zizindikiro zonsezi zitha kukhala ndi zifukwa zina. Komanso, ngakhale mayeso a magazi atasonyeza kuti androgen yanu ndi yokwera, simungakhale ndi zizindikiro zazikulu.

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti ngati zizindikirozi zikuwonekera mwadzidzidzi komanso mwachangu, muyenera kuwona dokotala mwachangu, chifukwa nthawi zina, chifukwa chake chingakhale chotupa chomwe chimatulutsa androgen.

Tsopano tiyeni tiwone momwe izi zimakhudzira anthu osiyanasiyana.

Kwa atsikana (asanathe msinkhu)

• Nkovu yokulirapo .
• Ziphuphu ndi khungu lamafuta.
• Kukula kosafunikira kwa tsitsi m'thupi (hirsutism) . Izi zikutanthauza kuti "tsitsi lofiirira lopepuka" limalowedwa m'malo ndi tsitsi lolimba komanso lolimba m'malo monga mlomo wapamwamba, chibwano, chifuwa, m'mimba, ndi kumbuyo.

Kwa ana aamuna (asanathe msinkhu)

• Mbolo yokulirapo .
• Kumera msanga kapena mopitirira muyeso kwa tsitsi m'malo obisika ndi m'khwapa.
• Kuzama kwa mawu.

Kwa akazi okalamba

• Ziphuphu ndi khungu lamafuta.
• Kukula kosafunikira kwa ma follicle a tsitsi m'thupi ( hirsutism) .
• Kusamba kosakhazikika pamwezi.
• Kuvuta kukhala ndi ana (kusabereka) .
• Kutaya tsitsi la amuna ( androgenic alopecia) .

Kwa amuna akuluakulu

Momwe izi zimakhudzira amuna akuluakulu zimatengera ngati mahomoni owonjezera amachokera ku adrenal glands kapena kuchokera ku chinthu chomwe chimatengedwa kunja (monga jakisoni wa anabolic steroid ). Ngati androgens kuchokera ku adrenal glands zikuwonjezeka, amuna akuluakulu sangazindikire kusintha kulikonse kwakuthupi. Komabe, zimatha kuchepetsa ntchito ya machende ndikupangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kukhala ndi ana.

N’chifukwa chiyani izi zikuchitika? Kodi zifukwa zake ndi ziti?

Mahomoni a Androgen amapangidwa ndi mazira, ma adrenal glands, ndi maselo amafuta mwa akazi, komanso ndi ma testes ndi ma adrenal glands mwa amuna.

Palinso mahomoni ena angapo omwe amakhudza kupanga ndi kutulutsidwa kwa ma androgens awa. Mwachitsanzo , luteinizing hormone (LH) ndi adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) . Ma mahomoni onsewa amatulutsidwa ndi pituitary gland.

Ngati chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa ziwalozi, kapena chimodzi mwa mahomoni awa, sichigwira ntchito bwino, hyperandrogenism ikhoza kuchitika.

Pali zifukwa zazikulu zingapo izi:

• Matenda a ovary a Polycystic (PCOS) - Ichi ndiye chifukwa chofala kwambiri.
• Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) .
• Matenda a Cushing .
• Zotupa zomwe zimatulutsa androgen.
• Mankhwala ena.

Tsopano tiyeni tiwone zifukwa zonsezi mwatsatanetsatane.

Matenda a ovary a Polycystic (PCOS)

Pakati pa akazi achichepere ndi achikulire, PCOS ndiye chifukwa chachikulu cha hyperandrogenism yopitirira muyeso akatha msinkhu. Pakati pa 80% ndi 90% ya akazi omwe ali ndi hyperandrogenism nawonso ali ndi PCOS .

Mu PCOS, mazira amapanga ma androgens ambiri chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa LH ndi insulin (hyperinsulinemia) nthawi zonse. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa insulin kumalepheretsanso chiwindi kupanga puloteni yotchedwa Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG) . Izi zimawonjezera kuchuluka kwa testosterone yaulere m'magazi.

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia `(CAH)`

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) ndi gulu la matenda a majini omwe amakhudza ma adrenal glands.

Mu CAH, kusintha kwa majini kumayambitsa kusowa kwa enzyme yotchedwa 21-hydroxylase , yomwe imathandiza thupi kupanga mahomoni. Mwa anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi CAH, kusowa kwa enzyme kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti ma adrenal glands apange mahomoni ena ambiri, monga testosterone.

Chomwe chimayambitsa hyperandrogenism mwa akazi omwe ali ndi adrenal hyperplasia ndi non-classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia . Imeneyi ndi vuto lomwe enzyme 21-hydroxylase imakhala yoperewera pang'ono. Vutoli limakhudza pafupifupi 2% ya akazi omwe ali ndi hyperandrogenism.

Matenda a Cushing

Matenda a Cushing ndi mtundu wa matenda otchedwa Cushing syndrome . Matenda a Cushing ndi matenda osowa omwe amapezeka thupi likakhala ndi cortisol yochuluka (komanso mahomoni).

Matenda a Cushing amayamba chifukwa cha chotupa chomwe sichili khansa mu pituitary gland. Chotupachi chimatulutsa ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) yochulukirapo, yomwe imawonjezera kuchuluka kwa cortisol.

Kuchuluka kwa ACTH kumapangitsa kuti ma adrenal glands atulutse ma androgens ochulukirapo, zomwe zimayambitsa hyperandrogenism.

Matenda a Cushing ali ndi zizindikiro zina:

• Mabala ofiirira pamimba.
• Kulemera mofulumira pankhope, m'mimba, ndi pakhosi.
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro ngati izi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kupita kwa dokotala mwamsanga.

Zotupa zomwe zimatulutsa androgen

Ziphuphu zina za adrenal gland, kapena zotupa m'mazira kapena m'machende, zimatha kupanga ndi kutulutsa ma androgens. Izi zimapangitsa kuti androgen m'thupi ikhale yokwera kuposa yachibadwa. Matenda a hyperandrogenism omwe amayamba chifukwa cha zotupazi nthawi zambiri amakhala oopsa kwambiri ndipo amabwera mwadzidzidzi .

Hyperandrogenism, yomwe imayamba chifukwa cha zotupa za m'chiberekero kapena adrenal, siichitika kawirikawiri. Imakhudza anthu pafupifupi 0.2% okha. Komabe, ngati mwadzidzidzi muyamba kuona zizindikiro za hyperandrogenism, pitani kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo.

Mankhwala ena

Mankhwala ena angayambitsenso hyperandrogenism. Mankhwala akuluakulu omwe amayambitsa izi ndi awa:

• Ma steroid a Anabolic-androgenic (awa ndi mitundu yopangidwa ya testosterone, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika ndi othamanga ena kuti awonjezere magwiridwe antchito).
• Ma progestin opangidwa (awa ndi mankhwala omwe amayambitsa kusintha kwa chiberekero ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana).
• Mankhwala oletsa khunyu ( mankhwala oletsa khunyu ).

Kodi mumapeza bwanji izi? (Kuzindikira)

Ngati ndinu mkazi ndipo mukuganiza kuti muli ndi hyperandrogenism, dokotala wanu adzakuyezani thupi ndikuyang'ana zizindikiro monga kukula kwa tsitsi kosafunikira. Adzakufunsaninso mafunso angapo okhudza mbiri yanu yachipatala:

• Zaka zomwe mabere amayamba kukula.
• Zaka zomwe tsitsi limayamba kuonekera pamalo achinsinsi.
• Zaka pa nthawi yoyamba ya msambo.
• Kodi mumachotsa tsitsi (kumeta, kodi munachotsa tsitsi pogwiritsa ntchito laser)?
• Kodi mudagwiritsapo ntchito ma anabolic steroids kapena testosterone popanda mankhwala a dokotala?
• Zinthu monga nthawi yomwe msambo wanu umabwera kangati, masiku angati omwe umatenga, komanso kuchuluka kwa magazi omwe mumataya.

Ngati dokotala wanu akukayikira kuti muli ndi hyperandrogenism, adzalamula kuti muyese magazi kuti awone kuchuluka kwa mahomoni enaake. Mayesowa angathandize kuzindikira vutoli.

Ndi mayeso amtundu wanji omwe amachitidwa?

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za hyperandrogenism, dokotala wanu angakufunseni kuti muyese magazi motere:

• Testosterone yonse: Izi zimayesa kuchuluka kwa testosterone m'magazi mwanu. Mlingo uwu ukhoza kukhala wokwera pang'ono mwa akazi omwe ali ndi PCOS. Ngati uli wokwera kwambiri, ukhoza kukhala chotupa m'mazira kapena m'machende.
• Testosterone yaulere : Testosterone iyi siimangiriridwa ku puloteni iliyonse. Iyi ndi testosterone yochepa kwambiri. Mlingo uwu ukhozanso kuwonjezeka mwa akazi omwe ali ndi PCOS.
• Androstenedione : Iyi ndi hormone ya steroid yomwe imakhala ndi mphamvu yochepa ya androgenic m'thupi. Komabe, imagwira ntchito ngati gawo lapakati pakupanga testosterone ndi estrogen m'thupi. Ngati milingo yake ndi yayikulu, PCOS ikhoza kukhalapo.
• Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) : DHEAS ndi mahomoni ogonana omwe amapangidwa ndi ma adrenal glands. Chifukwa chake, ndi chizindikiro chabwino cha kupanga androgen mu adrenal. Ndizachilendo kwa akazi omwe ali ndi PCOS kukhala ndi DHEAS yokwera pang'ono. Ngati ili yokwera kwambiri, ikhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha chotupa cha adrenal.
• 17-hydroxyprogesterone : Kuyeza kuchuluka kwa 17-hydroxyprogesterone m'magazi ndi njira yofunikira yodziwira ngati pali vuto la non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia, vuto lomwe ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa za hyperandrogenism.

Popeza pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zina zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro za hyperandrogenism, dokotala wanu adzalamula kuti magazi ena ayesedwe kuti athetse zomwe zimayambitsa.

Kuphatikiza apo, mayeso ojambulira zithunzi ngati awa atha kuchitidwa kuti adziwe chomwe chimayambitsa hyperandrogenism:

• Kujambula ultrasound m'chiuno kuti muwone ngati pali ma cysts am'mimba (chizindikiro china cha PCOS) kapena zotupa zina.
• Kuti muwone ngati pali zotupa mu adrenal gland , mayeso a CT scan (computed tomography - CT) kapena MRI scan (Magnetic resonance imaging - MRI) amachitidwa.

Madokotala cholinga chawo ndi kuchepetsa kupanga kwa androgen kuchokera m'mazira kapena m'matenda a adrenal, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa androgen, ndikuletsa ntchito ya androgen.

Komabe, anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la hyperandrogenism nthawi zambiri amafunafuna upangiri wa dokotala kuti athetse zizindikiro zazikulu, monga kukula kwa tsitsi kosafunikira, ziphuphu, komanso kusamba kosakhazikika.

Kodi mankhwala ochizira izi ndi otani?

Chithandizo cha hyperandrogenism chimadalira chomwe chimayambitsa. Mwachitsanzo:

• Hyperandrogenism ya adrenal imatha kuthetsedwa ndi corticosteroids yochepa.
• Ngati pali zotupa m'mazira obereketsa, machende, kapena adrenal glands, zingafunike kuchotsedwa opaleshoni. Kwa amayi omwe ali ndi nthawi yopuma kapena omwe ali ndi vuto la kusamba kwambiri, opaleshoni ya ovophorectomy (kuchotsa dzira limodzi kapena onse awiri) ingafunikenso.
• Ngati hyperandrogenism imayamba chifukwa cha mankhwala omwe mukumwa, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti musiye kumwa kapena kusintha mankhwala ena.

Mankhwala oletsa androgen ndi mankhwala ofala kwambiri a hyperandrogenism. Amaletsa zotsatira za androgens, monga testosterone.

Pali mitundu ingapo ya mankhwala oletsa androgen:

• Mankhwala oletsa kubereka omwe ali ndi ethinyl estradiol (estrogen) ndi progesterone yoletsa androgenic: Zitsanzo zikuphatikizapo mapiritsi okhala ndi cyproterone acetate (monga Diane®-35), drospirenone (monga Yasmin®, Yaz®) kapena dienogest (monga Valette®). Izi zimatha kuchiza ziphuphu, kukula kwa tsitsi kosafunikira komanso kusasamba kosakhazikika.
• Spironolactone (Aldactone®) : Mankhwala oletsa androgen awa amachiritsa ziphuphu ndi kukula kwa tsitsi kosafunikira komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha mahomoni.
• Cyproterone : Mankhwalawa amathandiza kuchiza PCOS, kuchepetsa testosterone, komanso kuchepetsa kupanga mafuta omwe amayambitsa ziphuphu.

Kuchiza zizindikiro

Anthu omwe ali ndi hyperandrogenism angafune chithandizo chamankhwala makamaka chifukwa cha zizindikiro zawo:

• Ziphuphu : Mankhwala a ziphuphu amaphatikizapo mankhwala opangidwa ndi thupi, maantibayotiki opangidwa ndi thupi monga tetracycline , antiandrogens (kuphatikizapo mankhwala a mahomoni, mapiritsi oletsa kubereka), ndi mapiritsi a isotretinoin .
• Kuchuluka kwa tsitsi (hirsutism) : Azimayi ambiri omwe ali ndi hirsutism amagwiritsa ntchito njira monga kupukuta tsitsi, kumeta, ndi kuchotsa tsitsi pogwiritsa ntchito laser. Angathenso kumwa mapiritsi oletsa kubereka.
• Kusasamba kosakhazikika : Azimayi angagwiritse ntchito njira zolerera za mahomoni kuti azitha kusintha nthawi yawo ya msambo.

Ngati zizindikirozi sizikugwirizana ndi chithandizo chokhazikika chifukwa cha kusalinganika kwa mahomoni, dokotala wanu angaganizire za mankhwala amphamvu kwambiri oletsa androgen.

Kodi izi sizingapewedwe?

Mwatsoka, palibe njira yomveka bwino yopewera hyperandrogenism.

Palibe njira yotsimikizika yopewera PCOS, yomwe imayambitsa matenda a hyperandrogenism. Koma mutha kuchitapo kanthu pang'ono kuti muchepetse zizindikiro zanu. Mwachitsanzo, kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi,Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse komanso kuwongolera kulemera kwanu kungathandize kuchepetsa zotsatira za PCOS ndi hyperandrogenism.

Kodi tsogolo lidzakhala lotani? (Zomwe zidzachitike mtsogolo)

Matenda ambiri omwe amayambitsa hyperandrogenism amafunika chithandizo cha moyo wonse. Nthawi zina, akazi omwe ali ndi hyperandrogenism chifukwa cha PCOS amataya thupi kwambiri ndipo PCOS yawo imatha. Komabe, anthu ambiri amafunika chithandizo cha moyo wonse kuti achepetse zizindikiro za hyperandrogenism.

Zizindikiro za hyperandrogenism zingakhudze kudzidalira kwanu komanso thanzi lanu la maganizo. Ngati zizindikirozi zikukupangitsani kumva kupsinjika maganizo, nkhawa, komanso/kapena kupsinjika maganizo, ndikofunikira kufunafuna thandizo kwa dokotala wa matenda amisala kapena mlangizi.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati mwapezeka ndi hyperandrogenism ndipo mukumwa mankhwala ake, muyenera kupita kwa dokotala nthawi zonse kuti muwonetsetse kuti chithandizo chanu chikugwira ntchito bwino.

Ngati hyperandrogenism ikukhudza thanzi lanu la maganizo, ndikofunikira kuonana ndi dokotala wa matenda amisala kapena mlangizi kuti akuthandizeni.

Pomaliza, uthenga woti mutenge kunyumba:

Matenda a hyperandrogenism ndi matenda ofala kwambiri pakati pa akazi. Zizindikiro zake zingakupangitseni manyazi komanso kusasangalala. Koma kumbukirani kuti simuli nokha, ndipo vutoli lingathe kuchiritsidwa. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za njira zina zothandizira. Komanso, ngati likukhudza thanzi lanu la maganizo, onetsetsani kuti mwaonana ndi dokotala wa matenda amisala kapena mlangizi. Kusamalira thanzi lanu ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri.

Hyperandrogenism , Androgen, Testosterone, PCOS, Hirsutism, Ziphuphu, Kusalingana kwa Mahomoni, Thanzi la Akazi, Kusalingana kwa Mahomoni