Kodi mtima wanu uli ndi matenda otere? Tiyeni tiphunzire za matenda a mtima!

Mtima ndi chiwalo chofunikira kwambiri m'thupi lathu. Uli ngati injini ya thupi lathu. Koma nthawi zina mtima uwu ukhozanso kukhala ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Lero tikambirana za vuto lomwe lingabuke mumtima, lomwe limafuna chisamaliro pang'ono, koma lingathe kulamuliridwa ngati mukudziwa bwino. Imeneyo ndi matenda otchedwa `(Infective Endocarditis)` . Mwina simunamvepo za dzinali, koma ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa za izi.

Kodi ichi ndi chiyani (Infective Endocarditis)? Mwachidule...

Mwachidule, `(Infective Endocarditis)` amatanthauza kuti kachilombo kamalowa mkati mwa mtima wanu, kutanthauza `(Endocardium)` , kapena ma valve a mtima (Ma valve), ndipo zimayambitsa matenda. Taganizirani izi, ma valve omwe ali mumtima mwathu ali ngati zitseko. Ma valve amenewa amathandiza magazi kuyenda mbali imodzi yokha. Nthawi zambiri, ma valve amenewa ndi amphamvu kwambiri ndipo amalimbana mosavuta ndi majeremusi (mabakiteriya, bowa). Ndicho chifukwa chake vutoli lotchedwa `(Infective Endocarditis)` ndi losowa kwambiri. Koma ngati litachitika, likhoza kukhala lalikulu pang'ono.

Kodi izi zimachitika bwanji? Kodi majeremusi amafika bwanji pamtima?

Chabwino, tsopano tiyeni tiwone momwe `(Infective Endocarditis)` iyi imakulira. Imayamba pamene mabakiteriya (Bacteria) kapena bowa (Fungi) alowa m'magazi mwanu. Nthawi zambiri, ndiko kuti , pafupifupi anayi mwa asanu aliwonse, amayamba ndi mabakiteriya otchedwa `(Streptococcus)` ndi `(Staphylococcus)`.

Mwina mukuganiza kuti, "O, mabakiteriya awa angalowe bwanji m'magazi?" Taganizirani izi, ngati mutadula pang'ono m'kamwa mwanu mukutsuka mano anu, mabakiteriya angalowe m'magazi. Kapena, ngakhale mukuchita opaleshoni yayikulu, makamaka opaleshoni ya mtima, mabakiteriya angalowe.

Mabakiteriya omwe amalowa m'magazi, amayenda m'magazi, ndikukhazikika m'malo omwe adawonongeka kale, monga endocardium kapena ma valve a mtima. Monga momwe tinthu ta fumbi timamatira pamalo onyowa. Pamenepo, mabakiteriyawa amapanga madera. Timatcha izi "zomera." Madera awa amatulutsa poizoni ndi ma enzyme. Izi zimawononga maselo athanzi ndikusokoneza njira yochiritsira.

Ndani amene ali ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza izi? (Zinthu zomwe zingakubweretsereni chiopsezo)

Ngakhale kuti aliyense akhoza kudwala matenda a mtima, anthu ena ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu. Izi ndi zoona makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima . Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• Anthu omwe ali ndi ma valve a mtima owonongeka chifukwa cha matenda ena: Mwachitsanzo, omwe ali ndi ma valve owonongeka chifukwa cha `(Matenda a Mtima Osemphana ndi Nyamakazi)`.
• Anthu omwe ali ndi Matenda a Mtima Obadwa Nawo: Ndiko kuti, anthu omwe amabadwa ndi vuto linalake la mtima.

Matendawa angakhudze ntchito ya ma valve a mtima. Mwachitsanzo:

• Stenosis ya Aortic Valve
• `(Matenda a Bicuspid Aortic Valve)` (Matenda a Bicuspid Aortic Valve)
• Kubwezeretsa magazi m'thupi (kutuluka kwa magazi kuchokera ku ma valve a mtima)
• Kutuluka kwa Mitral Valve

Kuonjezera pa izi, palinso zinthu zina zoopsa:

• Amuna: Amuna ali ndi mwayi wochuluka wopeza matendawa kuposa akazi.
• Ukalamba: Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika mwa anthu azaka zopitilira 50.

Kodi zotsatirapo zake zingakhale zotani?

Ngati vuto lotchedwa ``Infective Endocarditis'' silinapezeke msanga ndi kuchiritsidwa, mabakiteriyawo amatha kukula ndikufalikira, zomwe zimayambitsa zotsatirapo zoyipa kwambiri. Chimodzi mwazoopsa kwambiri ndi kulephera kwa mtima.

Komanso, ngati chithandizo choyamba sichikuyenda bwino, vuto lotchedwa `(Emboli)` lingachitike. `(Emboli)` ndi magazi ang'onoang'ono omwe amatuluka m'mabakiteriya omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa `(Zamasamba). Ngati izi zimayenda m'magazi ndikukakamira mumtsempha wamagazi, zimatha kuletsa kuyenda kwa magazi kupita ku chiwalo chofunikira. Izi zingayambitse mavuto omwe angakhale oopsa kwa moyo.

Tangoganizirani, izi zili ngati chidutswa cha zinyalala chikakodwa mu chitoliro cha madzi, madzi amasiya kuyenda.

Zotsatirapo zomwe zingatheke chifukwa cha `(Emboli)` izi ndi izi:

• Kukulitsa kwa bandeji ndi kupweteka.
• Kuwonongeka kwa impso.
• Magazi oundana omwe amapita ku mapapo (Pulmonary Embolism).
• Stroke.
• Kuwonongeka kwa miyendo yakutali, monga zala za m'manja.

Kodi zifukwa zazikulu za `(Infective Endocarditis)` ndi ziti?

Matenda ena a mtima ndi mankhwala a mtima amalola mabakiteriya kulowa m'magazi. Izi ndi zomwe zimayambitsa ``Infective Endocarditis``.

• Ma Valves a Mtima Opangidwa: Awa ndi omwe amatha kutenga matenda kuposa ma valves achilengedwe.
• Zinthu zomwe zimafuna kuyika zida monga pacemakers: Makamaka ngati mawaya a zipangizozi akudutsa m'mitsempha yamagazi.
• Ngati mwasamutsidwa mtima.
• Matenda otchedwa `(Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy)` (kukhuthala kwa minofu ya mtima).
• Ngati mudachitidwa opaleshoni ya mtima.
• Ngati mudadwalapo kale `(Infective Endocarditis)`.

Kodi pali zifukwa zina?

Kawirikawiri, vutoli limatha kuchitika mwa anthu omwe ali ndi mtima wabwino. Zifukwa zomwe zingachitike ndi izi:

• Catheter ndi chinthu chomwe chimakhala m'mitsempha yamagazi kwa nthawi yayitali: mwachitsanzo, ma catheter a nthawi yayitali omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka chithandizo cha chemotherapy kwa odwala khansa.
• Matenda omwe amafooketsa chitetezo chamthupi: Mwachitsanzo, `(HIV)` ndi `(AIDS)`.
• Kukhala ndi matenda ena m'thupi.
• Kubaya mankhwala osokoneza bongo m'mitsempha pogwiritsa ntchito singano zakuda ndi koopsa kwambiri.
• Kusasamalira bwino pakamwa: Izi zimapangitsa kuti mabakiteriya ambiri azisonkhana mkamwa.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito singano yonyansa pobaya mankhwala m'mitsempha pazifukwa zachipatala.

Kodi zizindikiro za matendawa ndi ziti? Zinthu zomwe mungaone...

Zizindikiro za `(Infective Endocarditis)` nthawi zambiri zimakhudza mtima wanu ndi dongosolo lanu lopumira. Mungakumane ndi zinthu monga:

• Kupweteka pachifuwa.
• Phokoso la mtima losazolowereka ("Mtima Murmur") lomwe dokotala amamva akamamvetsera ndi ``stethoscope''.
• Kuvuta kupuma (Dyspnea).
• Kugunda kwa mtima mwachangu (Tachycardia).

Kuwonjezera pa izi, zizindikiro zina zingawonekere:

• Magazi mu mkodzo (hematuria).
• Kuzizira.
• Kutopa.
• `(Zilonda za Janeway)`: Madontho ofiira, osapweteka omwe amaonekera m'manja ndi m'mapazi.
• Kupweteka kwa Mafupa.
• Kusowa chilakolako cha chakudya komanso kuchepa thupi kosaneneka.
• Malungo otsika omwe sapezeka chifukwa chake.
• Kupweteka kwa minofu.
• Kutuluka thukuta kwambiri usiku (Night Thukuta).
• Ma Nodule a Osler: Matumbo opweteka omwe amaonekera m'manja ndi m'mapazi.
• Kutuluka magazi pang'ono: Madontho ang'onoang'ono ngati magazi omwe amaoneka pansi pa misomali.
• Kutuluka magazi m'maso mwa subconjunctival: Kutuluka magazi m'maso oyera.
• Kutupa m'mimba kapena m'munsi mwa thupi.

Zizindikirozi zimatha kuwoneka mwadzidzidzi kapena pang'onopang'ono. Nthawi zina zizindikirozi zingawoneke ngati chimfine wamba, koma ndikofunikira kudziwa zizindikirozi, makamaka ngati muli ndi matenda a mtima.

Kodi matendawa amapezeka bwanji? Kodi madokotala amachita chiyani?

Kuzindikira matendawa kumayamba ndi zizindikiro zanu komanso mbiri yanu yachipatala. Ngati mudadwalapo matenda a mtima ndipo muli ndi malungo popanda chifukwa, ndiye kuti mukukayikira kwambiri. Komanso, ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zina zokhudzana ndi matendawa (Infective Endocarditis)`, mungayambe kukayikira. Komabe, kuti mudziwe bwino, muyenera kuyezetsa.

Ndi mayeso ati omwe adzachitike?

• Kuyesa Kuchuluka kwa Mabakiteriya: Izi zimathandiza kudziwa ngati pali mabakiteriya m'magazi, ndipo ngati ndi choncho, mtundu wanji.
• Kuphatikiza apo, mayeso ena angafunike pokonzekera chithandizo. Izi zikuphatikizapo:
• Mayeso a Antibody Serology: Izi zitha kutsimikizira mtundu weniweni wa mabakiteriya omwe ali m'magazi.
• Mayeso a mtima `(Echocardiogram)`: Izi zitha kuwona momwe ma valve a mtima alili, ngati pali mabakiteriya otchedwa `(Vegetations)`, komanso kukula kwawo. Pali mitundu iwiri ya `(Echocardiogram)`:
• Transthoracic Echocardiogram (TTE): Iyi ndi scan yomwe nthawi zambiri imachitidwa pamwamba pa chifuwa.
• Kuyeza kwa mtima kwa Transesophageal Echocardiogram (TEE): Izi zimaphatikizapo kuyika choyezera chaching'ono pakhosi ndikusanthula malo omwe ali pafupi ndi mtima. Izi zitha kupanga zithunzi zomveka bwino kuposa TTE.

Kodi pali chithandizo chotani pa izi?

Chithandizo chachikulu cha matenda a mtima ndi maantibayotiki. Maantibayotiki a Broad-spectrum nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa kaye. Izi zingathandize kuchepetsa zizindikiro, koma sizingakhale zokwanira kuthetsa matendawa kwathunthu.

Mukangobweranso zotsatira za ``Antibody Serology Test'' zomwe zatchulidwazi, madokotala adzakusinthirani ku ``Targeted Antibiotic'' yomwe imayang'ana mtundu winawake wa mabakiteriya m'magazi mwanu. Chithandizochi chingafunike kuperekedwa kudzera m'mitsempha (IV) kwa milungu inayi mpaka isanu ndi umodzi. Izi zitha kutanthauza kuti muyenera kukhala m'chipatala.

Kodi ndiyenera kuchitidwa opaleshoni?

Ngati mabakiteriya, kapena `(Zamasamba)` ali ang'onoang'ono, maantibayotiki okha angakhale okwanira. Komabe, ngati `(Zamasamba)` awa ndi akuluakulu, opaleshoni (Infective Endocarditis Surgery) ingafunike kuti ichotsedwe ndikuyikanso ma valve owonongeka.

Komanso, ngati `(Zamasamba)` izi zafalikira ku minofu yozungulira, opaleshoni ingafunike. Nthawi zina zoopsa, zingakhale bwino kuchita opaleshoni musanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki. Komabe, ofufuza akuphunzirabe momwe opaleshoni imakhalira yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki.

Kodi ndingapewe bwanji izi? Kupewa ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri!

Kale, anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chotenga "Infective Endocarditis" ankapatsidwa maantibayotiki tsiku lililonse. Komabe, njira iyi yasinthidwa tsopano chifukwa imawonjezera chiopsezo chotenga mabakiteriya osagonjetsedwa ndi maantibayotiki.

Madokotala tsopano amalemba mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kwa nthawi yochepa asanayambe njira zina zachipatala, monga njira zochizira mano. Mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amagwiritsidwa ntchito kokha kwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a endocarditis, monga anthu omwe ali ndi ma valve a mtima opangidwa.

Chofunika kwambiri ndikusamalira bwino thanzi la mkamwa ndi mano anu. Kutsuka mano anu bwino kawiri patsiku komanso kugwiritsa ntchito dental floss ndikofunikira kwambiri.

Kodi mwayi wochira matendawa ndi wotani?

Ngati simunapezeke msanga ndi kulandira mankhwala opha tizilombo mwachangu komanso mwamphamvu, mwayi wochira matendawa ndi wochepa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, chithandizo chikachedwa, vutoli limakhala lalikulu kwambiri. Ngati mutalandira chithandizo mwachangu komanso moyenera, mwayi wopulumuka umakhala waukulu. Komabe, ngati zotsatirapo zake zichitika, nthawi yochira imatha kukulitsidwa.

Kodi moyo udzakhala bwanji munthu akadwala matenda a `(Infective Endocarditis)`?

Ngati mudadwalapo matenda a Infective Endocarditis kamodzi, muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chodwalanso matendawa. Koma musadandaule, pali zinthu zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chanu:

• Kutsuka ndi kutsuka tsitsi kawiri patsiku. Ukhondo wa pakamwa ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri.
• Lankhulani ndi aliyense, kuphatikizapo madokotala anu ndi mano, za chiopsezo chanu chotenga `(Infective Endocarditis)`. Mudziwitseni.
• Mano anu ayeretsedwe ndi dokotala wa mano miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse.
• Ngati muli ndi matenda a mtima, tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu mosamala kuti zizindikiro zanu zisakule kwambiri.

Matenda a mtima otchedwa Infective endocarditis ndi matenda a bakiteriya omwe amapezeka mkati mwa valavu ya mtima wanu. Ngakhale kuti vutoli ndi losowa, limakhala lovuta kulichiza. Komabe, n'zotheka kuchira. Ngati muli pachiwopsezo, ndikofunikira kuchepetsa kukhudzana ndi mabakiteriya. Mutha kuchita izi posamalira mano ndi mkamwa mwanu bwino. Ngati mukufuna kuchitidwa opaleshoni yachipatala, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za njira zodzitetezera.

Ndiye, ndi zinthu ziti zomwe tiyenera kukumbukira kuchokera munkhaniyi?

Chabwino, takambirana zambiri za `(Infective Endocarditis)` tsopano. Pomaliza, nazi zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe muyenera kukumbukira:

* `(Infective Endocarditis)` ndi matenda oopsa a mkati mwa mtima kapena ma valve ake.

* Ngakhale kuti izi sizichitika kawirikawiri, ziyenera kuchiritsidwa mwachangu ngati zitachitika.

* Ukhondo wa pakamwa ndi mano ndi wofunika kwambiri! Musaiwale kutsuka mano anu tsiku lililonse.

* Ngati muli ndi matenda a mtima, dziwani bwino zizindikiro monga kutentha thupi ndi kutopa.

* Musanalandire chithandizo chilichonse chamankhwala, dziwitsani dokotala wanu ngati muli pachiwopsezo cha `(Infective Endocarditis)`.

* Musachite mantha, koma dziwani. Ngati yapezeka msanga, ikhoza kuchiritsidwa bwino.

Ngati muli ndi mafunso ena okhudza izi, funsani dokotala wa banja lanu kapena katswiri wa matenda a mtima. Mtima wathanzi ndi wofunika kwa aliyense!

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