Mapu anu a majini: Tiyeni tiphunzire za Karyotype Test mwachidule

Kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo kuti timapeza bwanji zinthu monga mtundu wa maso athu, mtundu wa khungu, ndi kapangidwe ka tsitsi? Zonsezi zimatsimikiziridwa ndi majini omwe timalandira kuchokera kwa amayi ndi abambo athu. Majini awa amaikidwa bwino mu ma chromosome. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zina pamakhala kusintha, kuwonjezera, kapena kuchotsa mu ma chromosome awa. Ndicho chifukwa chake timatcha mayeso apadera omwe amafufuza kusintha kotere.

Mwachidule, kodi mayeso a Karyotype ndi chiyani?

Tangoganizani kuti mkati mwa selo lililonse m'thupi lanu muli shelufu ya mabuku yokhala ndi chidziwitso chokwanira chokhudza inu. Mabuku omwe ali pashelufu iyi amatchedwa ma chromosome. Pa avareji, munthu wathanzi amakhala ndi mapeyala 23 a mabuku awa, kapena mabuku 46. Timalandira theka la mabukuwa kuchokera kwa amayi athu ndipo theka linalo kuchokera kwa abambo athu.

Kuyesa kwa karyotype kumachotsa ma chromosome awa m'maselo anu ndikutenga "chithunzi" chawo. Kenako tikhoza kuwona bwino lomwe,

• Kodi pali ma chromosome 46 enieni?
• Kodi chiwerengero cha ma chromosome chatsika? Kapena chawonjezeka?
• Kodi pali zolakwika zilizonse mu mawonekedwe awo, kukula kwawo, kapena kapangidwe kawo?

Kuchokera ku zinthu zosazolowereka zotere, tingapeze zizindikiro zokhudza matenda ena a majini.

Ndani akufunika mayeso awa? Muzochitika ziti?

Mayeso awa akhoza kukhala ofunikira pazochitika zosiyanasiyana. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili.

Kodi muyenera kukonzekera mayeso asanayambe?

Kawirikawiri, mayesowa safuna kukonzekera kwambiri. Komabe, ngati mwangopatsidwa magazi posachedwapa, muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu . Iye angakupempheni kuti mudikire masiku angapo musanachite mayesowo.

Nthawi zina, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti musala kudya (musadye kapena kumwa) kwa maola angapo mayeso asanachitike. Chifukwa chake, ndi bwino kufunsa dokotala wanu ngati pali malangizo apadera omwe muyenera kutsatira musanayese mayeso.

Njira zosiyanasiyana zochitira mayeso a karyotype

Pali njira zingapo zopezera chitsanzo cha selo chomwe chikufunika pa mayesowa, kutengera zosowa zanu ndi momwe zinthu zilili.

• Kuyeza Magazi: Iyi ndiyo njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa akuluakulu, makanda, ndi ana aang'ono.
• Kupuma ndi Kufufuza kwa Mafupa: Chitsanzo cha mafuta a m'mafupa chimatengedwa ndikuyesedwa kuchokera kwa anthu omwe ali ndi khansa kapena matenda okhudzana ndi magazi monga khansa ya m'magazi.
• Amniocentesis: Pa nthawi ya mimba, chitsanzo cha madzi amniotic ozungulira mwana m'mimba chimatengedwa ndikuyesedwa.
• Kuyesa kwa Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS): Kuyesa komwe kumatenga chitsanzo cha maselo kuchokera ku placenta, yomwe imapereka chakudya kwa mwana, panthawi ya mimba.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani poyezetsa magazi?

Izi n'zosavuta ndipo zitha kumalizidwa mu mphindi zochepa.

1. Ku labu, magazi ochepa adzatengedwa kuchokera mumtsempha womwe uli m'dzanja lanu pogwiritsa ntchito singano yopyapyala.

2. Mumamva kupweteka pang'ono kokha.

3. Sonkhanitsani magazi mu chubu, chotsani singano, ndi kuika bandeji yaying'ono pamalopo.

Kodi mumatenga bwanji chitsanzo cha mafuta a m'mafupa?

Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika ndi dokotala yemwe ndi katswiri wa khansa (katswiri wa khansa) kapena matenda a magazi (katswiri wa magazi).

1. Anthu ena amapatsidwa mankhwala kuti amve kuledzera.

2. Mudzatembenuzidwa kuti mugone m'mbali kapena m'mimba mwanu.

3. Kawirikawiri, mankhwala oletsa kumva dzanzi amabayidwa kumtunda kwa fupa la m'chiuno.

4. Kenako singano yopyapyala imalowetsedwa kudzera m'fupa kuti itenge chitsanzo cha madzi a m'mafupa ndi chidutswa cha minofu. Mutha kumva kupsinjika pang'ono kapena kupweteka panthawiyi.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pa mayeso a amniocentesis?

Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika pakati pa milungu 15 ndi 20 ya mimba.

1. Mudzagonekedwa pansi ndipo mudzayesedwa ndi ultrasound.

2. Mukamayang'ana chithunzicho, singano yopyapyala imalowetsedwa m'chiberekero kudzera m'mimba, kusamala kuti isavulaze mwana.

3. Singano iyi imayikidwa mu thumba la amniotic, ndipo imatengedwa chitsanzo cha madzi, ndipo singanoyo imachotsedwa. Mutha kumva kutentha pang'ono kapena kupweteka panthawiyi.

Kodi Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS) imachitidwa bwanji?

Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika pakati pa milungu 10 ndi 13 ya mimba.

1. Izi zimachitikanso poyang'ana pa scan.

2. Pali njira ziwiri zochitira izi. Njira imodzi ndikutenga chitsanzo cha placenta poika chubu chopyapyala kudzera mu nyini ndikulowa m'chiberekero.

3. Njira ina, yofanana ndi amniocentesis, imaphatikizapo kulowetsa singano m'mimba ndikutenga chitsanzo cha selo kuchokera ku placenta.

Kodi pali zoopsa zilizonse m'mayeso awa?

Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi mayeso aliwonse azachipatala, pali zoopsa zazing'ono zomwe zimachitika. Koma musadandaule, zoopsa zazikulu sizichitika kawirikawiri.

• Pa nthawi yoyezetsa magazi: Pakhoza kukhala mabala, kutuluka magazi pang'ono, kapena kupweteka pamalo obowoledwa.
• Pa nthawi yoyezetsa mafupa: Kutuluka magazi, kuvulala, matenda, kapena kupweteka pamalo obowoledwa kungachitike.
• Ndi mayeso a amniocentesis kapena CVS: Pali chiopsezo chochepa kwambiri cha kutuluka magazi pang'ono, kuvulala, ndi matenda a chiberekero. Palinso chiopsezo chosowa kwambiri cha kutaya mimba (pafupifupi munthu m'modzi mwa 100 omwe ali ndi CVS, ndi ochepera munthu m'modzi mwa 200 omwe ali ndi amniocentesis).

Dokotala wanu adzakufotokozerani zoopsa izi mwatsatanetsatane.

Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti mupeze zotsatira? Kodi zotsatira zake zikutanthauza chiyani?

Nthawi zambiri zimatenga milungu ingapo kuti zotsatira za mayeso zibwerere. Funsani dokotala wanu za nthawi imeneyi.

Ngati zotsatira zake ndi "zachilendo," zikutanthauza kuti pali kusintha kwa ma chromosome anu kapena a mwana wanu. Izi zingathandize kuzindikira matenda ena a majini. Mwachitsanzo:

• Down Syndrome (Down Syndrome kapena Trisomy 21): Matenda omwe amachititsa kuti munthu achedwe kukula m'maganizo komanso kukula mwakuthupi.
• Edwards Syndrome (Edwards Syndrome kapena Trisomy 18): Matenda omwe amayambitsa mavuto aakulu m'mapapo, impso, ndi mtima.
• Patau Syndrome: Matenda omwe amadziwika ndi kuchedwa kukula komanso kulemera kochepa m'mimba.
• Matenda a Turner: Matenda omwe amalepheretsa atsikana kukhala ndi makhalidwe ogonana.