Kodi dokotala wanu wakuuzani kapena munthu wina amene mumamudziwa kuti akufunika opaleshoni ya khansa ya m'matumbo? Ndizachibadwa kukhala ndi mantha komanso nkhawa panthawi ngati iyi. Makamaka mukadziwa kuti ndi opaleshoni yayikulu ngati 'APR'. Koma musadandaule. Kudziwa bwino za mitundu iyi ya opaleshoni kungachepetse mantha anu. Lero, tikambirana za APR, momwe mungakonzekerere, komanso zomwe mungayembekezere mukatha opaleshoni.
Mwachidule, kodi opaleshoni ya APR iyi ndi chiyani?
Kuchotsa mimba, komwe kumadziwikanso kuti APR, ndi opaleshoni yaikulu yomwe imachitika makamaka pochiza khansa ya m'munsi mwa rectum. Ndi opaleshoni yovuta pang'ono.
Taganizirani izi, gawo lomaliza la dongosolo lathu logaya chakudya ndi anus ndi rectum. Kutengera komwe khansa ili, kuti muchotse maselo a khansa kwathunthu, malo ozungulira angafunikenso kuchotsedwa. Kunena zoona, panthawi ya opaleshoni ya APR iyi, dokotala wanu adzachita zinthu zingapo zofunika:
- Mphuno yanu, yomwe ndi malo otulukira ndowe, yachotsedwa kwathunthu ndipo malowo asokedwa.
- Chiwalo chanu chomaliza cha matumbo akuluakulu, chachotsedwa.
- Gawo lina la m'mimba mwanu lidzachotsedwanso.
Tsopano mwina mukudabwa kuti, "Ndingachite bwanji chimbudzi?" Inde, kusiyana kwakukulu kumeneku ndiko komwe kulipo pa opaleshoniyi. Chifukwa chakuti chotsekera cha m'matako chimachotsedwa, njira yatsopano yotulutsira ndowe m'thupi iyenera kupangidwa. Ndicho chifukwa chake colostomy yokhazikika imachitidwa.
Mwachidule, gawo lotsala la m'mimba mwanu limatengedwa ndipo kumapeto kwake kumalumikizidwa pamwamba pa khungu la mimba yanu. Mpata uwu umatchedwa 'stoma' . Kenako, thumba lapadera (thumba la ostomy) limalumikizidwa ku stoma iyi. Kenako ndowe yanu imalowa mwachindunji mu thumba ili. Izi zitha kukhala zatsopano poyamba, koma mudzazolowera pakapita nthawi. Pali antchito apadera osamalira anamwino kuti akuthandizeni ndi izi.
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti opaleshoniyi ichitike kuti muchiritsidwe khansa yonse. Choncho vuto ndi kuzolowera kukhala ndi kusintha kumeneku.
Kodi timakonzekera bwanji opaleshoni isanachitike?
Popeza APR ndi opaleshoni yaikulu, ndikofunikira kwambiri kukonzekera. Gulu lanu lachipatala lidzakufotokozerani zonse. Nazi zina mwa zinthu zomwe zingachitike panthawi yokonzekera.
| Njira zokonzekera | Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani? |
|---|---|
| Mayeso azachipatala | Kuyezetsa magazi, CT scan, ndi MRI scan zitha kuchitidwa kuti muwone ngati thupi lanu lingathe kupirira opaleshoniyo. |
| Kukumana ndi gulu lachipatala | Mudzakumana ndi dokotala wogonetsa anthu ogonetsa, madokotala ena opaleshoni, ndi omwe akusamalira thanzi lanu. |
| Kukumana ndi Namwino wa Ostomy | Iyi ndi nthawi yofunika kwambiri . Namwino uyu adzakuthandizani kusankha malo abwino oti muyike stoma yanu, akuphunzitseni momwe mungaisamalire, komanso kusintha thumba lanu. Musaope kufunsa mafunso aliwonse omwe mungakhale nawo. |
| Kusintha kwa moyo | Ngati mukusuta fodya, mudzapemphedwa kuti musiye kusuta milungu ingapo opaleshoni isanachitike. Mudzapemphedwa kuti mupewe kumwa mowa. Zinthu zimenezi zithandiza kwambiri pakuchira. |
| Kudziwitsa za mankhwala omwe atengedwa | Muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu za mankhwala onse omwe mukumwa (kuphatikizapo mavitamini ndi mankhwala azitsamba). Mankhwala ena angafunike kuyimitsidwa musanachite opaleshoni. |
| Kulephera Kugona Bwino | Ngati muli ndi vuto la kupuma movutikira, onetsetsani kuti mwauza dokotala wanu wa opaleshoni. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito makina a CPAP, adzakufunsani kuti mubweretse kuchipatala tsiku lomwe mukuchita opaleshoni. |
| Kuyeretsa matumbo ndi zakudya | Mudzapemphedwa kuti mudye zakumwa zokha tsiku lisanafike opaleshoni. M'mawa wa opaleshoni, mudzapatsidwa madzi apadera (preparation) kuti muyeretse matumbo anu mokwanira. |
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani panthawi ya opaleshoni?
Popeza mumakhala pansi pa mankhwala oletsa ululu, simudzamva chilichonse panthawi ya opaleshoni. Mudzakhala mukugona tulo tofa nato. Gulu la dokotala wa opaleshoni lidzachita opaleshoniyi kwa maola angapo.
Opaleshoni iyi nthawi zambiri imatha kuchitika m'njira ziwiri:
1. Opaleshoni Yotseguka: Njira yachikhalidwe imachitika kudzera mu kudula kamodzi kwa nthawi yayitali m'mimba.
2. Opaleshoni ya Laparoscopic/Robotic: Njirayi imachitika kudzera m'mabala ang'onoang'ono m'mimba, pogwiritsa ntchito kamera ndi zida zapadera. Njirayi imakhala ndi nthawi yochepa yochira ndipo siipweteka kwambiri.
Pa opaleshoni, dokotalayo amachotsa rectum, anus, ndi gawo la m'matumbo momwe khansa ilili. Nthawi yomweyo, ma lymph nodes ozungulira malowa amachotsedwanso. Izi zili choncho chifukwa ma lymph nodes amenewa ndi komwe maselo a khansa amatha kufalikira. Kenako, monga tafotokozera kale, stoma imapangidwa m'mimba ndipo khungu lomwe kale linali anus limasokedwa ndikutsekedwa.
Kodi ndi mavuto otani omwe angabwere pambuyo pa opaleshoni?
Popeza APR ndi opaleshoni yaikulu, monga opaleshoni ina iliyonse yaikulu, pali zoopsa zina zomwe zingachitike. Koma musadandaule, gulu lachipatala likuchita zonse zomwe lingathe kuti lichepetse zoopsazi. Ndikofunikira kudziwa zovuta zomwe zingachitike.
- Kutuluka magazi: Kutuluka magazi kungachitike kuchokera pamalo ochitira opaleshoni.
- Matenda: Matendawa amatha kuchitika m'mabala kapena mkati mwa thupi.
- Magazi amaundana: Magazi amaundana m'miyendo n'kupita ku mapapo. Pofuna kupewa izi, mukulangizidwa kuti muyende mwachangu mukatha opaleshoni.
- Kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zozungulira: Pali mwayi wochepa woti ziwalo zozungulira malo ochitira opaleshoni ziwonongeke, monga chikhodzodzo.
- Mavuto okhudzana ndi mankhwala oletsa ululu: Chiwopsezo cha mavuto aakulu monga chibayo, matenda a mtima, ndi sitiroko n'chochepa kwambiri, koma ndi bwino kuwadziwa.
Nthawi zina, pamakhala mavuto a nthawi yayitali omwe amachitika pakapita nthawi. Mwachitsanzo, hernia imatha kumera mozungulira stoma. Palinso kuthekera kwa hernia ya perineal komwe anus yachotsedwa.
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani kuchipatala mutachita opaleshoni?
Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, muyenera kukhala m'chipatala kwa masiku angapo. Panthawiyi, gulu lachipatala lidzasamalira bwino kuchira kwanu.
- Machubu ndi machubu: Katheta idzayikidwa kuti itulutse mkodzo wanu. Chotsukira chidzayikidwanso m'mimba mwanu kuti itulutse madzi aliwonse omwe amabwera pamalo ochitira opaleshoni. Izi zidzachotsedwa patatha masiku angapo.
- Mankhwala opha ululu:Mudzapatsidwa mankhwala ngati pakufunika kuti muchepetse ululu.
- Chakudya: Mukachita opaleshoni, mudzapatsidwa zakumwa zoti mumwe kaye. Mutha kuyamba kudya zakudya zofewa monga supu ndi yogati tsiku lotsatira.
- Kuyenda: Kudzuka pabedi mwamsanga komanso kuyenda-yenda ndikofunikira kwambiri pakuchira. Zingathandize kupewa zinthu monga magazi kuundana.
- Maphunziro a Ostomy: Uwu ndi maphunziro ofunikira kwambiri omwe mudzalandire kuchipatala. Namwino wa ostomy adzabwera kudzakuphunzitsani momwe mungasamalire stoma yanu yatsopano, kusintha thumba, ndi kusunga khungu lanu loyera. Musaope kufunsa mobwerezabwereza mpaka mutamvetsa. Pemphani wachibale wanu kuti abwere nanu panthawiyi. Mwanjira imeneyi, mudzakhala ndi wina woti akuthandizeni mukapita kunyumba.
Mudzaloledwa kupita kunyumba mukatha kudya zakudya zofewa, kuchepetsa ululu ndi mankhwala apakhomo, ndikukhala ndi chidaliro chokwanira chosamalira ostomy yanu nokha.
Kodi nthawi yochira imakhala bwanji mukabwerera kunyumba?
Zimatenga nthawi kuti muchiritse bwino mukabwerera kunyumba. Panthawiyi, mverani thupi lanu. Ngati mwatopa, pumulani.
| Zinthu zosayenera kuchita | Chifukwa ndi upangiri |
|---|---|
| Kuyimirira m'madzi | Si bwino kusamba kapena kugwiritsa ntchito dziwe losambira mpaka mabala atachira. Koma kusamba ndi bwino. |
| Kukweza zolemera | Musanyamule zolemera kwa milungu 6-8. Kunyamula zolemera kumawonjezera chiopsezo chokhala ndi hernia. |
| Kuyendetsa galimoto | Musayendetse galimoto mpaka mutamwa mankhwala ochepetsa ululu. Komanso, musayendetse galimoto mpaka mutatsimikiza kuti mutha kuletsa mabuleki mwachangu pakagwa ngozi. |
Ngati muli pantchito, zingatenge milungu ingapo kapena mwezi umodzi kuti mubwerere kuntchito, kutengera momwe mabala anu akuchiritsira komanso mtundu wa ntchito yanu.
Nthawi yoti muyimbire dokotala
Ngati muli ndi vuto lililonse pamene mukuchira, imbani dokotala wanu kapena chipatala chomwe mudachitidwa opaleshoni nthawi yomweyo. Onetsetsani kuti mwanena chilichonse mwa zizindikiro zotsatirazi:
- Kupweteka kwambiri m'mimba komwe sikungathe kuthetsedwa ngakhale mutagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa ululu.
- Malungo. Malungo a madigiri 38.6 Celsius (101.5 Fahrenheit) kapena kupitirira apo.
- Ngati kusanza ndi nseru zikupitirira.
- Kudzimbidwa kapena kutsegula m'mimba.
- Ngati malo odulidwawo ndi ofiira, otupa, kapena opweteka .
- Ngati muli ndi vuto lililonse kapena muli ndi vuto ndi ostomy yanu .
Opaleshoni ya APR ndi chochitika chosintha moyo. Zimatenga nthawi kuti uzolowere. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu, banja lanu, ndi anzanu za nkhawa zanu, mantha anu, ndi momwe mukumvera. Simuyenera kudutsa ulendowu nokha.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Opaleshoni ya APR (Abdominoperineal resection) ndi opaleshoni yofunika kwambiri komanso yopulumutsa moyo ya khansa ya m'matumbo.
- Pa opaleshoni iyi, anus ndi rectum zimachotsedwa, ndipo mpata wokhazikika (colostomy) umapangidwa m'mimba kuti chopondacho chidutse.
- Kukonzekera bwino musanachite opaleshoni komanso kupewa kusuta fodya ndi mowa kumathandiza kwambiri pakuchira.
- Ngakhale kuphunzira momwe mungasamalire ostomy kungakhale kovuta poyamba, pakapita nthawi kumatha kukhala gawo la moyo watsiku ndi tsiku. Mothandizidwa ndi anamwino ophunzitsidwa bwino,
- Tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu mosamala pamene mukuchira. Pewani kunyamula zinthu zolemera. Ngati mukukumana ndi vuto lililonse, dziwitsani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo.
- Ulendo uwu ndi wovuta, mwakuthupi komanso m'maganizo. Musazengereze kupempha thandizo kwa gulu lanu lachipatala, abale anu, ndi anzanu.
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