Kodi muli ndi mnzanu wamtali kwambiri, wokhala ndi manja ndi miyendo yayitali, komanso woonda? Tikaona munthu wotere, timaganiza kuti angakhale abwino kwambiri pamasewera monga basketball. Koma lero tikambirana za matenda omwe amabwera ndi makhalidwe awa akuthupi, omwe sitilankhula kwambiri, koma angakhale ofunikira kwambiri. Imeneyo ndi Marfan Syndrome. Imatha kukhudza mtima makamaka, kotero ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa izi.
Mwachidule, kodi Marfan Syndrome ndi chiyani?
Matenda a Marfan ndi matenda a majini omwe amapezeka m'majini athu. Izi zimachitika chifukwa chakuti 'minofu yolumikizana' m'thupi lathu sikukula bwino. Taganizirani thupi lathu ngati nyumba. Chilichonse m'nyumbayi, monga njerwa, makoma, ndi denga, chimagwirizanitsidwa pamodzi ndi kusungidwa ndi simenti. Mofananamo, minofu yolumikizana ndi 'guluu' yomwe imathandiza kugwirira chilichonse m'thupi lathu, monga ziwalo, mafupa, ndi mitsempha yamagazi, pamodzi ndikuzisunga zolimba.
Mu munthu amene ali ndi matenda a Marfan, 'chingamu', kapena minofu yolumikizana, m'thupi imakhala yofooka. Zili ngati kumanga nyumba ndi simenti yotsika mtengo. Izi zingakhudze madera ambiri, kuphatikizapo maso, mapapo, ndi mafupa. Koma zotsatirapo zake zazikulu kwambiri zingakhale pa mtima wathu ndi mitsempha yayikulu yamagazi.
N’chifukwa chiyani izi zimakhudza mtima kwambiri? Mavuto awiri akuluakulu!
Minofu yolumikizana yofooka imatha kuwononga ziwalo ziwiri zazikulu za mtima.
1. Mtsempha wa magazi: Uwu ndi mtsempha waukulu, waukulu kwambiri womwe umanyamula magazi kuchokera mumtima mwathu kupita ku thupi lonse. Monga momwe mapaipi akuluakulu amatengera madzi kuchokera mu thanki yamadzi m'nyumba mwathu kupita kulikonse.
2. Ma Valves a Mtima: Awa ali ngati zitseko zazing'ono mkati mwa mtima. Ma Valves awa amatsimikizira kuti magazi amayenda mbali imodzi yokha.
Tsopano tiyeni tiwone zotsatira zake pa magawo awiriwa.
1. Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ku mtsempha wamagazi?
Munthu amene ali ndi matenda a Marfan amakhala ndi minofu yofooka m'makoma a mtsempha wake wamagazi. Izi zingayambitse mavuto awiri akuluakulu:
- Kutambasuka kwa mtsempha wamagazi: Kawirikawiri, mtsempha wamagazi umasinthasintha. Komabe, chifukwa cha kufooka kumeneku, mtsempha wamagazi umayamba kukula pang'onopang'ono, osatha kupirira kupsinjika komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kugunda kwa mtima kulikonse.
- Aneurysm ya mtsempha wamagazi: Nthawi zina kukula kumeneku sikungoyima. Gawo lofooka kwambiri la mtsempha wamagazi limayamba kuphulika ngati baluni. Ichi ndi chomwe timachitcha kuti ``Aneurysm ya mtsempha wamagazi''. Ichi ndi vuto loopsa kwambiri la matenda a Marfan. Chifukwa kuphulika kofanana ndi baluni kumeneku kumatha kuphulika (kuphulika) kapena kung'ambika (kuduladula) nthawi iliyonse. Ndi vuto ladzidzidzi lomwe lingayambitse imfa.
2. Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ku ma valve a mtima?
Minofu yolumikizana yofooka ingayambitsenso kuti ma valve a mtima asagwire bwino ntchito. Amatha kufooka osatseka bwino. Ichi ndichifukwa chake:
- Kubwezeretsa Valuvu: Ngati valavu siitseka bwino, magazi amatha kubwerera mumtima. Izi zimapangitsa kuti mtima ugwire ntchito molimbika kuti upompe magazi kupita m'thupi. Pakapita nthawi, izi zingayambitse kulephera kwa mtima. Mavaluvu omwe amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi Aortic Valve ndi Mitral Valve.
- Kutsika kwa Mitral Valve: Pa vutoli, valavu ya mitral yomwe ili kumanzere kwa mtima imakhala yofooka ndipo siitseka bwino, koma m'malo mwake imapindanso.
Chofunika kwambiri n’chakuti anthu asanu ndi anayi mwa khumi omwe ali ndi matenda a Marfan adzakhala ndi mavuto a mtima kapena aorta, choncho ndikofunikira kudziwa izi.
Kodi zizindikiro za matenda a mtima ndi ziti? Kodi timazizindikira bwanji?
Nthawi zambiri, sipangakhale zizindikiro kumayambiriro. Komabe, zizindikirozi zingawonekere pamene mtsempha wamagazi ukukulirakulira kapena mavuto a valavu akukulirakulira. Ngati muli ndi chimodzi mwa izi kapena zingapo, ndikofunikira kwambiri kukaonana ndi dokotala.
| Chizindikiro | Kufotokozera kosavuta |
|---|---|
| Ululu pachifuwa kapena kumbuyo chakumtunda | Ndi zoopsa kwambiri ngati ululu uli wadzidzidzi komanso woopsa. |
| Kupuma movutikira kapena kupuma movutikira | Kutopa komwe kumabwera chifukwa choyenda pang'ono kapena kugwira ntchito. |
| Kugunda kwa mtima (kumva ngati mtima wanu ukugunda mofulumira) | Kumva ngati kugunda kwa mtima wanu kukusintha kapena chifuwa chanu chikugunda. |
| Kumva chizungulire kapena mutu wopepuka | Kumva chizungulire ukayimirira kapena ukadzuka mwadzidzidzi. |
| Kutopa ndi kufooka kosazolowereka | Kumva kutopa nthawi zonse popanda chifukwa. |
| Kutupa kwa miyendo ndi mapazi | Kungakhale chizindikiro cha kuchepa kwa ntchito ya mtima. |
Kodi dokotala amazindikira bwanji matendawa molondola?
Kuzindikira matenda a Marfan kungakhale kovuta chifukwa si aliyense amene ali ndi zizindikiro zofanana, choncho dokotala adzayang'ana zinthu zingapo.
- Kuwunika thupi: Dokotala adzayang'ana kutalika kwanu, kutalika kwa mkono ndi mwendo, kutalika kwa chala chanu, mawonekedwe a chifuwa chanu, maso anu, ndi msana wanu.
- Mbiri ya matenda a m'banja: Popeza iyi ndi matenda obadwa nawo, mudzafunsidwa ngati wina aliyense m'banja mwanu wakhala ndi zizindikirozi kapena wamwalira ndi vuto la mtima mwadzidzidzi.
- Mayeso apadera: Mayeso angapo amachitidwa kuti adziwe momwe mtima ulili.
- Echocardiogram: Izi zili ngati kujambula mtima. Zimatha kuona bwino zinthu monga kukula kwa mtsempha wamagazi ndi ntchito ya ma valve.
- Electrocardiogram (EKG): Izi zimathandiza kuwona momwe magetsi a mtima amagwirira ntchito, kutanthauza kuti, kuona ngati pali vuto lililonse ndi kayendedwe ka kugunda kwa mtima.
- Kuyezetsa Majini: Kuyezetsa magazi kuti mudziwe ngati muli ndi kusintha kwa majini komwe kumayambitsa matenda a Marfan.
- Kupewa zinthu zomwe zimaika mtima pamavuto ambiri. Mwachitsanzo, masewera amphamvu monga kukweza zolemera, rugby, ndi mpira wamiyendo si oyenera.
- Ngati mtsempha wamagazi ukukula moopsa, opaleshoni imachitidwa kuti isang'ambike (kuduladula). Ndi bwino kukonzekera izi musanayambe ngozi.
- Dokotala angakupatseni mankhwala monga ``Beta-blockers'' kapena ``ARBs''. Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito poletsa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndikuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi pa mtsempha wamagazi. Izi zimachepetsa liwiro lomwe mtsempha wamagazi umakulirakulira.
- Kuchotsa gawo lowonongeka la mtsempha wamagazi ndikulikonza ndi chubu chopangira (graft).
- Kukonza kapena kusintha ma valve a mtima omwe asokonekera ndi valavu yopangira.
- Ndikofunikira kuchita scan ngati echocardiogram kamodzi pachaka kuti muwone kukula kwa mtsempha wamagazi. Izi zingathandize kuzindikira mavuto aliwonse msanga ngati atayamba.
- Pamene m'mimba mwake wa aorta ukupitirira masentimita 5.
- Ngati mtsempha wamagazi ukukulirakulira mofulumira kwambiri mkati mwa chaka chimodzi.
- Ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi mbiri ya kusweka kwa mtsempha wamagazi.
Ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi matendawa kapena ali ndi zizindikiro zofanana, kuuza dokotala wanu za matendawa kumathandiza kwambiri pozindikira matendawa.
Chabwino, tsopano chithandizo cha izi ndi chiyani?
Matenda a Marfan sangachiritsidwe kwathunthu. Chifukwa ndi chinthu chomwe chili m'majini athu. Komabe, pali mankhwala abwino kwambiri oletsa kuwonongeka komwe kumayambitsa mtima, kupewa matenda oopsa, ndikulola anthu kukhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino. Chithandizo chingagawidwe m'magawo awiri akuluakulu.
| Mankhwala Osagwiritsa Ntchito Opaleshoni | Chithandizo cha opaleshoni |
|---|---|
Kusintha kwa moyo: | N’chifukwa chiyani opaleshoni ndi yofunika?: |
Mankhwala: | Mitundu ya opaleshoni: |
Kupimidwa nthawi zonse kwa dokotala: | Opaleshoni ikulimbikitsidwa pa: |
Zochitika zadzidzidzi zomwe zimafuna kuti munthu alowe m'chipatala nthawi yomweyo! (Zizindikiro Zochenjeza)
Zizindikiro zimenezi zingakhale zizindikiro za kuphulika kwa mtsempha wamagazi kapena kusweka kwa mtsempha wamagazi. Ngati chilichonse mwa izi chichitika, pitani ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Pangozi (ETU) yapafupi mwamsanga.
| Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, pitani ku ETU nthawi yomweyo! | |
|---|---|
| - Kupweteka mwadzidzidzi komanso kosapiririka pachifuwa, msana, kapena m'mimba . | - Kuvuta kwambiri kupuma. |
| - Kutaya chidziwitso. | - Kusanza kapena kumva kuwawa m'thupi. |
| - Thukuta kwambiri, khungu lozizira. | - Kusanza ndi kusanza. |
Kodi n'zotheka kukhala ndi moyo wabwino ndi matenda a Marfan?
Inde ndithu! Zaka zapitazo, nthawi yoti anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli akhale ndi moyo inali yochepa. Koma masiku ano, chifukwa cha chithandizo chamankhwala chapamwamba, kuyezetsa magazi nthawi zonse, ndi opaleshoni, munthu amene ali ndi matenda a Marfan syndrome akhoza kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi, ngakhale atakwanitsa zaka 70 kapena 80, monga momwe munthu wamba amachitira.
Chofunika kwambiri ndikulankhulana ndi dokotala nthawi zonse, kutsatira malangizo ake molondola, kuyezetsa magazi nthawi yake, ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala anu moyenera.
Makamaka, ngati mayi yemwe ali ndi matenda a Marfan akukonzekera kutenga pakati, ayenera kufunsa dokotala wa mtima ndi dokotala wa matenda a akazi asanayambe kutenga pakati. Popeza mtima umakhala ndi nkhawa kwambiri panthawi ya mimba, chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kutengedwa.
Mwa kumvetsetsa vutoli, kuchita zinthu zofunika, ndikukhala ndi moyo woganizira bwino, mutha kuteteza mtima wanu ndikukhala ndi moyo wathanzi komanso wautali.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Matenda a Marfan ndi matenda obadwa nawo omwe amafooketsa minofu yolumikizana ya thupi.
- Izi zitha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zoopsa pamtima ndi mtsempha waukulu wamagazi, aorta.
- Kutambasuka kwa mtsempha wamagazi ndi aneurysm ndi mavuto oopsa kwambiri.
- Ndikofunikira kuonana ndi dokotala panthawi yomwe yakonzedwa ndikuyesedwa ngati echocardiogram.
- Pewani kuchita zinthu zomwe zimaika mtima pamavuto, monga kunyamula zinthu zolemera.
- Samalani ndi zizindikiro zochenjeza, monga kupweteka pachifuwa mwadzidzidzi komanso koopsa.
- Mukalandira chithandizo choyenera, mutha kukhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino komanso wautali.
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