Ngati munayang'anapo lipoti la magazi, mwina mwawona mayina ambiri. Pakati pawo, lomwe linakukopani linali 'Monocytes'. Mwina dokotala wanu ananenapo kanthu za izi, kapena mwina munadzifunsa kuti ndi chiyani. Ndiye, kodi ma monocytes awa ndi otani? Kodi ndi ofunikira bwanji ku matupi athu? Lero, tikambirana za iwo m'njira yosavuta yomwe mungamvetse.
Kodi ma monocyte awa ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, ma monocyte ndi mtundu wa maselo oyera a m'magazi (leukocyte) m'magazi mwathu. Tangoganizani kuti thupi lanu ndi dziko lalikulu. Pali gulu lankhondo lomwe lingathe kuteteza dziko lino ku adani (monga majeremusi omwe amayambitsa matenda) ochokera kunja. Gulu lankhondo limenelo ndi chitetezo chathu chamthupi. Chifukwa chake, ma monocyte awa ali ngati gulu lofunika kwambiri, lophunzitsidwa mwapadera la asilikali m'gulu lankhondo limenelo.
Ntchito yaikulu ya asilikaliwa ndi kupeza ndi kuwononga adani monga mavairasi, mabakiteriya, bowa, ndi ma protozoa omwe amalowa m'thupi. Sikuti amangogwira ntchito yokha, komanso amagwirira ntchito kuzindikira ndi kuchotsa maselo m'thupi mwathu omwe ali kale ndi majeremusi. Komanso, pamene zimakhala zovuta kumenyana tokha, asilikali a monocyte awa amatumiza mauthenga kwa asilikali ena m'gulu lankhondo (monga maselo ena oyera a magazi) kuti, "Pali mdani pano, bwerani mudzatithandize."
Kodi mungalongosole pang'ono za momwe ntchito zawo zimachitikira?
Asilikali a monocyte awa amayamba miyoyo yawo m'mafupa athu. Zili ngati sukulu yophunzitsira usilikali. Ndiko komwe amaphunzitsidwa bwino ndikukonzekera nkhondo. Akakhwima bwino, amayamba kuyenda m'thupi lonse kudzera m'mitsempha yamagazi. Zili ngati kupita ku patrol.
Tangoganizani kuti kachilombo kalowa m'thupi mwathu. Kuli ngati mdani amene akuukira dziko. Kapena moto wabuka mumzinda. Panthawiyi, chizindikiro chochenjeza chimatuluka. Chizindikirochi chikangomveka, asilikali a monocyte omwe ali pafupi amachitapo kanthu nthawi yomweyo. Koma akapita kunkhondoyi, amasintha mawonekedwe awo ndikugawikana m'magulu awiri a maselo omwe amachita ntchito ziwiri zapadera.
1. Maselo a Dendritic - amithenga ndi azondi
2. Macrophages - Omenyera Nkhondo Ankhondo Otsogola
Tsopano tiyeni tiwone ntchito za aliyense wa anthuwa.
Maselo a dendritic - malo olumikizirana
Maselo amenewa ali ngati gulu lankhondo lolankhulana, kapena malo oimbira foni a dipatimenti yozimitsa moto. Ntchito yawo yaikulu ndi kuzindikira mdani akafika, kudziwitsa asilikali ena amphamvu omwe ali mu chitetezo chamthupi, ndikupempha thandizo.
Maselo amenewa amapezeka kwambiri pansi pa khungu lathu, mkati mwa mphuno zathu, mapapo, m'mimba, ndi m'matumbo, chifukwa awa ndi malo omwe majeremusi amatha kulowa m'thupi.
Kachirombo kakalowa, maselo amenewa amapita kukatenga antigen pa kachiromboko. Mwachidule, antigen ndi "khadi lozindikiritsa" ka kachiromboko. Ndi zomwe zimathandiza chitetezo chathu cha mthupi kuzindikira kuti "uyu si munthu amene ali m'thupi lathu." Potenga khadi lozindikiritsa ili, maselo a dendritic amatulutsa mauthenga apadera a mankhwala (cytokines) omwe amauza maselo ena oyera amagazi kuti, "Apa pakubwera mdani ndi khadi lozindikiritsa ili, bwerani mudzamenyane mwachangu."
Macrophages - Omenyera Mzere Wakutsogolo
Awa ndi ma commando enieni omwe amapita kunkhondo kukamenyana. Akalandira uthenga wochokera ku maselo a dendritic, ma macrophages amapita mwachindunji komwe kuli mdani.
Chomwe ma macrophage awa amachita ndikuzungulira kachilombo ka mdani ndikukameza konse. Akakameza, amagwiritsa ntchito ma enzyme amphamvu oopsa mkati mwa matupi awo kuti asungunuke ndikuwononga kachilomboka. Komanso, "kuyeretsa" ndikuchotsa maselo akufa ndi minofu yowonongeka pambuyo pa nkhondo ndi ntchito ina yofunika kwambiri ya maselo a macrophage awa.
Kodi ma monocyte awa amawoneka bwanji?
Ma monocyte ndi mtundu waukulu kwambiri wa maselo oyera m'magazi mwathu. Ndi okulirapo kawiri kuposa maselo ofiira amwazi wamba. Akayang'aniridwa ndi maikulosikopu, ndi akuluakulu ndipo ndi osavuta kuwazindikira.
Chitoliro chomwe chili pakati pa maselo awa ndi chapadera kwambiri. Chimakhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Pamene selo likuyenda m'thupi lonse, mawonekedwe a chitolirocho amatha kusintha. Zina mwa mawonekedwe akuluakulu omwe angawoneke ndi awa:
- Mawonekedwe a nyemba yooneka ngati impso
- Kapangidwe ka nsapato ya akavalo
- Mawonekedwe a bwalo lozungulira pang'ono
Kodi ndiyenera kukhala ndi ma monocytes angati m'magazi mwanga? (Njira yodziwika bwino)
Kwa munthu wathanzi, ma monocyte amaonedwa kuti ndi abwinobwino ngati ali pakati pa 2% ndi 8% ya kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera m'magazi. M'mawerengero, izi ndi pakati pa ma monocyte 200 ndi 800 pa microliter iliyonse ya magazi.
Koma apa pali chinthu chomwe muyenera kukumbukira. "Chiwerengero cha magazi" ichi chingasiyane pang'ono kutengera labu komwe mumayezetsa magazi anu. Chifukwa chake mukayang'ana lipoti lanu la magazi, osati mtengo wanu wokha, komanso kuchuluka kwa magazi komweko kumatchulidwa mbali yomweyo. Onani ngati mtengo wanu uli mkati mwa kuchuluka kumeneko. Ngati kuchuluka kwa monocytes kwanu kuli kotsika kapena kokwera kuposa kwachizolowezi, dokotala wanu adzafufuza chifukwa chake ndikukupatsani kufotokozera bwino.
Kodi ndi matenda ati omwe angayambitse kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa monocytes m'magazi?
Kawirikawiri, chiwerengero cha ma monocytes chimachepa kapena chimawonjezeka pamene thupi lathu likulimbana ndi matenda kapena matenda. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kusintha kumeneku sikungakhale matenda, koma chizindikiro cha matenda ena. Nthawi zina, makhalidwe amenewa angasinthenso ngati zotsatirapo za mankhwala.
Kuchuluka kwa monocytes (monocytosis)
Ngati chiwerengero cha ma monocytes m'magazi chili chokwera kuposa chachibadwa, madokotala amati monocytosis . Ichi chikhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha matenda osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, chikhoza kukhala matenda opatsirana monga mononucleosis kapena matenda odziteteza okha monga lupus. Zina mwa zifukwa zazikulu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma monocytes achuluke ndi izi:
- Matenda a autoimmune
- Matenda a magazi
- Khansa
- Matenda a mtima
- Kupsinjika maganizo kosatha
- Matenda a nthawi yochepa komanso yayitali
- Matenda otupa
- Mimba
Monocytopenia
Chiwerengero chochepa cha ma monocytes m'magazi chimatchedwa monocytopenia . Chilichonse chomwe chimachepetsa chiwerengero chonse cha maselo oyera amagazi chingayambitsenso kuchepa kwa ma monocytes. Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimapangitsa izi:
- Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi
- Matenda a m'magazi
- Kuvulala ndi kupsa
- Matenda a HIV
- Chemotherapy ya khansa
Ndi mayeso ati omwe amayesa kuchuluka kwa monocyte yanga?
Kuyeza magazi kosavuta kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kudziwa kuchuluka kwa monocytes m'magazi anu. Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya mayeso omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa izi.
| Dzina la mayeso | Zimene izi zikusonyeza |
|---|---|
| Kuchuluka kwa Magazi Onse (CBC) | Izi zikupereka kufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane kwa mtundu uliwonse wa selo m'magazi mwanu: maselo ofiira a magazi, maselo oyera a magazi, ndi ma platelet. Gawo la 'kusiyanitsa' limawerengera mitundu 5 ya maselo oyera a magazi (kuphatikiza ma monocytes) padera ndipo limasonyeza ngati kuchuluka kwawo kuli koyenera, kotsika, kapena kokwera. |
| Chiwerengero Chonse cha Ma Monocyte | Izi zimapereka chiwerengero chenicheni cha maselo a monocyte omwe ali mu chitsanzo cha magazi anu, osati peresenti. |
Kodi zizindikiro zimachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa chiwerengero cha monocytes?
Apa ndi pomwe anthu ambiri amalakwitsa. Simudzakumana ndi zizindikiro zilizonse chifukwa chakuti kuchuluka kwa monocytes m'magazi anu kuli kochepa kapena kwakukulu. M'malo mwake, zizindikiro zilizonse zomwe mumakumana nazo zimayambitsidwa ndi matenda omwe adapangitsa kuti kuchuluka kwa monocytes m'magazi anu kusinthe.
Mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwa monocytes m'thupi lanu kungakwezeke chifukwa cha kutentha thupi kapena kupweteka kwa thupi. Zikatero, mudzamva kutentha thupi ndi kupweteka kwa thupi, osati zizindikiro za kuchuluka kwa monocytes m'thupi. Chifukwa chake, kusintha kwa monocytes m'thupi si matenda, koma chizindikiro cha matenda ena kapena vuto lina.
Kodi ndingabwezeretse bwanji kuchuluka kwa monocyte yanga kukhala kwabwinobwino?
Njira zochiritsira zimadalira chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa monocytes m'magazi mwanu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti vuto lomwe lili mkati mwake liyenera kupezedwa kaye ndi kuchiritsidwa. Dokotala wanu ndiye munthu wabwino kwambiri wokulangizani pankhaniyi. Musayese kudzichiritsa nokha.
Kawirikawiri, nazi zinthu zina zomwe dokotala angakupatseni kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa monocytes:
| Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa monocytes (ikakwera) | Kuonjezera kuchuluka kwa monocytes (ngati kuli kochepa) |
|---|---|
| Kupewa zakudya zomwe zimayambitsa kutupa m'thupi (monga zakudya zokhala ndi shuga wambiri, mafuta ambiri). | Malinga ndi upangiri wa dokotala, kusintha mlingo kapena nthawi ya mankhwala omwe mukumwa pakadali pano. |
| Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse. | Kusamalira bwino matenda omwe amabwera chifukwa cha matendawa. |
| Kuchepetsa kumwa mowa. | Kuchiza moyenera matenda omwe alipo. |
| Chithandizo choyenera cha matenda omwe amabwera chifukwa cha matendawa. | Ngati muli ndi vuto la vitamini, imwani zakudya zowonjezera monga vitamini B12, C, ndi D monga momwe dokotala wanu walangizira. |
Kodi ndingatani kuti ndisunge maselo anga a monocyte kukhala athanzi?
Maselo anu a monocyte ndi gawo la chitetezo chanu chamthupi. Chifukwa chake, chinthu chabwino kwambiri chomwe mungachite ndikusunga chitetezo chanu chonse chamthupi chili cholimba. Nazi zinthu zina zomwe zingakuthandizeni kuchita izi:
- Dzitetezeni ku kuvulala ndi matenda momwe mungathere: Pewani kukhudzana ndi majeremusi mosafunikira.
- Idyani zakudya zoyenera komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi: Zakudya zabwino komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndizofunikira kwambiri pa chitetezo cha mthupi.
- Makhalidwe abwino aukhondo: Zinthu zosavuta monga kusamba m'manja nthawi zonse ndi sopo zingapangitse kusiyana kwakukulu.
- Pewani kusuta: Kusuta kumafooketsa chitetezo cha mthupi.
- Chepetsani kupsinjika maganizo: Kupsinjika maganizo kwambiri kumawononga chitetezo cha mthupi.
- Gonani mokwanira: Kugona mokwanira n'kofunika kwambiri kuti thupi libwezeretse ndikukonzanso maselo oteteza thupi ku matenda.
Pomaliza pake, ma monocyte ndi alonda osalankhula a thupi lathu. Amagwira ntchito nthawi zonse kuti atiteteze ku matenda. Choncho kutsatira moyo wabwino kuti akhale athanzi ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zazikulu zomwe tingachitire matupi athu.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Ma monocyte ndi mtundu wofunikira wa maselo oyera m'thupi lathu omwe amalimbana ndi majeremusi.
- Ngati mayeso anu a magazi akuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa ma monocytes kapena kuchepa, mwina si matenda okha, koma chizindikiro cha matenda ena kapena matenda ena.
- Kuwerengera magazi kwathunthu (CBC) kungathe kudziwa kuchuluka kwa monocyte yanu.
- Musamaope mfundo zomwe zili mu lipoti lanu nokha. Nthawi zonse kambiranani ndi dokotala wanu ndipo pezani upangiri woyenera.
- Zakudya zoyenera, kugona mokwanira, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso kuchepetsa kupsinjika maganizo kungathandize kuti chitetezo cha mthupi lanu chikhale champhamvu.
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