Kodi pali kusintha kwa khungu pa nipple yanu? Kodi kungakhale matenda a Paget a m'mawere?

Mukuganiza bwanji ngati muwona ziphuphu zazing'ono kapena khungu likutuluka pa nipple yanu? Nthawi zambiri, mumaganiza kuti ndi vuto la khungu wamba, mwina ngati eczema. Zoona, nthawi zambiri zimakhala choncho. Komabe, nthawi zambiri, chizindikiro chaching'ono ngati ichi chingakhale chizindikiro choyamba cha khansa ya m'mawere. Imeneyi ndi imodzi mwa mitundu ya khansa yosowa koma yofunika kwambiri yomwe tikambirane lero.

Mwachidule, kodi matenda a Paget a m'mawere ndi chiyani?

Matenda a Paget a m'mawere ndi khansa yosowa kwambiri yomwe imapezeka pakhungu la nipple yanu, ndipo nthawi zina pakhungu lakuda lozungulira nipple (areola). Nthawi zina imatha kupezeka pa nipple yokha. Izi zimatchedwa khansa ya m'mawere ya stage 0, kapena ductal carcinoma in situ . Koma nthawi zina, limodzi ndi kusintha kwa khungu kumeneku, pakhoza kukhalanso khansa ya m'mawere yofalikira yomwe yafalikira ku ducts za mkaka mkati mwa bere.

Popeza zizindikiro zake zimafanana ndi eczema, anthu ambiri poyamba amalakwitsa ngati vuto la khungu lofala. Zizindikiro zake ndi monga kuyabwa, kutsekeka, kufiira, komanso nthawi zina kutuluka magazi m'mabele. Kumbukirani, si aliyense amene ali ndi zizindikirozi amene ali ndi matenda a Paget. Komabe, ngati muli ndi vutoli, likhoza kukhala chizindikiro choyamba cha khansa yomwe imayamba m'mawere.

Ndani amene ali ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza matendawa?

Matenda a Paget a m'mawere ndi ofala kwambiri mwa akazi. Komabe, anenedwanso mwa amuna. Avereji ya zaka zomwe munthu amadwala matendawa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zaka pafupifupi 57. Komabe, amatha kuchitika kwa anthu aang'ono komanso achikulire kuposa pamenepo. Ndi osowa kwambiri kotero kuti ndi ochepera 4% ya khansa yonse ya m'mawere yomwe yanenedwa. Chifukwa chake, ngakhale kuti ndi matenda osowa kwambiri, ndikofunikira kudziwa za matendawa.

Kodi matendawa amafalikira mofulumira bwanji? Kodi angakhale oopsa bwanji?

Zimatengera ngati muli ndi khansa ina m'mawere anu kapena ayi, ndipo ngati ndi choncho, muli ndi vuto lanji.

• Ngati khansayo yangoikidwa m'mitsempha ya mkaka: Ngati khansa yanu yangoikidwa m'mitsempha ya mkaka ndipo sinafalikire ku minofu yozungulira bere, timaitcha "ductal carcinoma in situ" (DCIS) . Iyi imaonedwa kuti ndi khansa ya gawo 0. Mtundu uwu wa khansa umachiritsidwa pochotsa maselo a khansa ndi nipple pogwiritsa ntchito opaleshoni, kenako ndi chithandizo cha radiation. Ngati matendawa apezeka pagawoli, mwayi wochira kwathunthu ndi waukulu kwambiri.

• Ngati khansa yafalikira kunja kwa misempha ya mkaka: Pamene khansa yomwe ili m'misempha ya mkaka iyamba kufalikira m'minofu yozungulira bere, imatchedwa "invasive ductal carcinoma." Khansa imeneyi imayamba m'magawo angapo. Poyamba, imatha kuchiritsidwa pochotsa minofu ya bere yomwe yakhudzidwa ndi ma lymph nodes a axillary. Komabe, khansa ikayamba kufalikira kunja kwa bere, ndiko kuti, kumapeto, matendawa amakhala ovuta kwambiri komanso ovuta kuchiza.

Kodi zizindikiro za matenda a Paget ndi ziti?

Zizindikirozi nthawi zambiri zimawonekera pa nipple yanu ndi/kapena pakhungu lakuda lozungulira (areola). Nthawi zambiri, zizindikirozi zimawonekera pa bere limodzi lokha, koma nthawi zambiri, zimatha kuchitika m'mabere onse awiri. Ngakhale kuti zizindikirozi zingawoneke ngati zikubwera ndi kutha poyamba, nthawi zambiri zimakula pakapita nthawi.

Kodi chifukwa chenicheni cha izi n'chiyani?

Chifukwa chenicheni cha khansa chikadali chinsinsi kwa asayansi. Koma kafukufuku watsopano ukuchitika nthawi zonse kuti apeze mfundo zatsopano. Chomwe tikudziwa ndichakuti khansa imachitika pamene maselo ena m'thupi lathu amakhala osazolowereka, akugawikana ndikukula mosalamulirika. Pakadali pano akukhulupirira kuti kusintha kwa maselo kumeneku kungayambe ndi kusintha kwa majini athu, kapena DNA . Koma pakadali pano palibe yankho lomveka bwino la chifukwa chake kusinthaku kumachitika.

Asayansi apeza kuti pali "zifukwa zina zoopsa" zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo chotenga khansa. Mwachitsanzo, kukhudzana ndi poizoni wina wowononga chilengedwe, kusuta fodya, komanso kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa. Koma modabwitsa, 85% ya khansa ya m'mawere imachitika mwa anthu omwe alibe zifukwa zazikulu zoopsa.

Kodi mungazindikire bwanji matendawa? (Kuzindikira)

Mukapita kukaonana ndi dokotala yemwe ali ndi zizindikiro ngati izi, poyamba angaganize kuti ndi eczema chabe. Choncho adzachiza. Koma ngati mankhwala amenewo sakuthandiza, kapena ngati matenda a Paget akukayikiridwa, adzafunika kuchita mayeso ena kuti adziwe matendawa molondola.

Gawo loyamba komanso lofunika kwambiri ndikutenga chidutswa chaching'ono cha minofu kuchokera pakhungu la nipple ndikuchiyang'ana pansi pa maikulosikopu (biopsy). Njira yodziwika kwambiri yogwiritsira ntchito izi ndi "kujambula." Izi zikutanthauza kuti chidutswa chaching'ono chozungulira cha khungu chimatengedwa ndikuwunikidwa ndi chida chaching'ono, chofanana ndi kupunkhidwa ndi pepala. Iyi ndiyo njira yosavuta yodziwira maselo a khansa okhudzana ndi matenda a Paget.

Matenda a Paget akatsimikizika, sitepe yotsatira ndikupeza ngati pali khansa ina m'mawere, ndipo ngati ilipo, yafalikira mpaka pati. Dokotala wanu adzachita izi.Mungatumizidwe kuti mukayesedwe zithunzi, monga mammogram kapena ultrasound ya m'mawere. Ngati mayesowa apeza malo okayikitsa a khansa, "kufufuza ndi singano" kungalimbikitsidwe, momwe chidutswa chaching'ono cha minofu chimachotsedwa ndi singano ndikuwunikidwa.

Kodi mankhwala ake ndi otani?

Chithandizo chimaphatikizapo opaleshoni ndipo nthawi zina chithandizo china cha khansa (mankhwala othandizira).

1. Opaleshoni ya khansa ya m'mawere

Khansa iliyonse m'mawere anu iyenera kuchotsedwa opaleshoni, koma kuchuluka kwa minofu yochotsedwa kudzadalira matenda anu.

• Opaleshoni yosunga mawere: Ngati muli ndi matenda a Paget a nipple okha ndipo mulibe chotupa china chilichonse, dokotala wanu adzayesa kuchotsa minofu yokhayo yomwe yakhudzidwa. Izi zikuphatikizapo kuchotsa nipple yanu, khungu lozungulira (areola), ndi minofu yathanzi yozungulira.
• Kuchotsa Mastectomy: Ngati khansa yafalikira kudera lalikulu, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuchotsa bere lonse (mastectomy). Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, mutha kuchitidwa opaleshoni yokonzanso bere ngati mukufuna.

2. Chithandizo chothandizira

Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, mankhwala ena owonjezera amaperekedwa kuti khansa isabwererenso. Izi zimatchedwa chithandizo chothandizira.

• Chithandizo cha radiation: Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri powononga maselo otsala a khansa.
• Chemotherapy: Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera maselo a khansa kapena kuletsa kukula kwawo.
• Chithandizo cha mahomoni: Mahomoni amathandiza kwambiri pakukula kwa khansa zina za m'mawere. Pa khansa zotere, mankhwala omwe amaletsa kugwira ntchito kwa mahomoni amaperekedwa.
• Chithandizo cha Immunotherapy: Chithandizo chomwe chimalimbikitsa chitetezo cha mthupi lanu kuti chilimbane ndi maselo a khansa.

Kodi izi zingathe kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu?

Ngati muli ndi matenda a Paget a nipple okha, kapena DCIS (gawo 0) omwe sanafalikire kupitirira ducts za mkaka, mwayi wanu wochira ndi waukulu kwambiri. Anthu ambiri omwe amapezeka ndi kuchiritsidwa msanga m'matendawa amachira mokwanira. Khansa ya m'mawere ikayamba kufalikira, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuigonjetsa. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuzindikira zizindikiro ndikuwonana ndi dokotala mwachangu momwe mungathere.

Ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala nthawi yanji?

Makamaka, ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za eczema pa nsonga za mawere anu kapena kuzungulira mawere anu, ndipo sizimatha ngakhale mutazichiza, onetsetsani kuti mwawonana ndi dokotala kuti akakuyezeninso. Musanyalanyaze kanthu kakang'ono.

Ndingadzisamalire bwanji ngati ndili ndi matendawa?

Njira yabwino yodzisamalira ndikuyamba kulandira chithandizo mwamsanga. Koma mukufunikanso thandizo la maganizo.

• Khalani ndi munthu woti akuthandizeni: lankhulani nanu, fotokozani zakukhosi kwanu, pitani kwa dokotala nanu, ndipo thandizani ntchito zapakhomo ndi munthu amene mumamudalira (mwamuna wanu, wachibale wanu, bwenzi lanu).
• Lembani mafunso anu: Musanapite kwa dokotala, lembani mafunso onse omwe mukufuna kudziwa papepala.
• Lembani mfundo: Lembani zomwe dokotala akunena. Ngati mupempha mnzanu kuti achite chimodzimodzi, mutha kumvetsera dokotalayo mokwanira. Nonse awiri mutha kuwonanso mfundozo pambuyo pake.