Kodi muli ndi mitundu yonse itatu ya maselo a magazi ochepa? Tiyeni tikambirane za pancytopenia!

Kodi nthawi zina mumamva kutopa nthawi zonse? Kapena mumadwala pang'ono, kapena mumaona mabala m'thupi lanu lonse? Izi zitha kukhala chifukwa cha kusintha kwa magazi anu. Lero tikambirana za vuto lomwe lingachitike nthawi ngati zimenezi, lomwe madokotala amalitcha "pancytopenia". Musadandaule, tikambirana izi mosavuta.

Kodi pancytopenia ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, pancytopenia ndi vuto lomwe mitundu yonse itatu ikuluikulu ya maselo amagazi m'thupi lathu - maselo ofiira amagazi, maselo oyera amagazi, ndi ma platelet - imakhala yotsika kuposa yachibadwa. Taganizirani ngati fakitale yayikulu. Pali antchito osiyanasiyana mufakitale iyi omwe amagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Maselo amagazi awa ndi ofanana. Mtundu uliwonse uli ndi ntchito yakeyake.

Tsopano onani zomwe zimachitika pamene mitundu iyi ya maselo ikuchepa:

• Maselo ofiira a m'magazi otsika: Awa ndi maselo omwe amanyamula mpweya m'thupi lathu lonse. Maselo amenewa ali ndi puloteni yapadera yotchedwa hemoglobin . Ndicho chimene chimasunga mpweya. Choncho, pamene maselo ofiira a m'magazi achepa kapena hemoglobin, timatcha "anemia" kapena "kusowa kwa magazi."
• Kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera m'magazi: Maselo oyera m'magazi, kapena ma leukocyte, ali ngati maselo oteteza thupi. Amalimbana ndi majeremusi ndipo amatiteteza ku matenda. Pakati pa maselo oyera awa, mtundu wochuluka kwambiri umatchedwa ma neutrophils . Kuchepa kwa maselo oyera m'magazi kumatchedwa leukopenia . Kuchepa kwa ma neutrophils kumatchedwanso neutropenia .
• Kuchuluka kwa ma platelet m'magazi: Ma platelet ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta maselo. Koma amagwira ntchito yabwino kwambiri. Tikadula, ma platelet amenewa amathandiza kuletsa kutuluka kwa magazi. Ndi ofunikira kwambiri pakuundana kwa magazi. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa ma platelet m'magazi kukakhala kochepa, vutoli limatchedwa thrombocytopenia .

Ngati muli ndi pancytopenia, mukhoza kukhala ndi zizindikiro zoyambitsidwa ndi chimodzi, zingapo, kapena zonsezi, kutengera momwe maselo anu amagazi alili otsika.

Kodi pancytopenia ndi yofala bwanji?

Ndipotu, vuto lotchedwa pancytopenia si lofala kwambiri monga momwe mungaganizire. Popeza pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe zingachitike, n'zovuta kunena kuti ndi anthu angati omwe ali ndi vutoli.

Kodi zizindikiro za pancytopenia ndi ziti?

Nthawi zina pancytopenia ingakhale yofatsa kwambiri. Simungazindikire zizindikiro zazikulu zilizonse. Nthawi zina, dokotala angaipeze akamachita ntchito yamagazi nthawi zonse. Komabe, nthawi zina vutoli lingakhale lalikulu kwambiri komanso loika moyo pachiswe. Zikatero, muyenera kupeza chithandizo nthawi yomweyo.

Tsopano tiyeni tiwone zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimakhalapo pamene mitundu ya maselo a m'magazi iyi ikuchepa.

Zizindikiro za kuchepa kwa maselo ofiira m'magazi (anemia)

Ngati mulibe maselo ofiira okwanira, ziwalo zina za thupi lanu sizilandira mpweya wokwanira. Mutha kukhala ndi zizindikiro monga:

• Kumva kutopa nthawi zonse (Kutopa): Kumva kutopa komanso kusafuna kuchita chilichonse.
• Kuvuta kupuma (kupuma movutikira): Kumva kupuma movutikira ngakhale mutachita khama pang'ono.
• Kumva chizungulire.
• Mutu.
• Arrhythmia ndi kumverera kuti mtima ukugunda mofulumira kapena mosagwirizana.
• Khungu lotumbululuka kapena kumva chimfine, thukuta.

Zizindikiro za kuchepa kwa maselo oyera m'magazi (leukopenia)

Mukakhala opanda maselo oyera okwanira m'magazi, mphamvu ya thupi lanu yolimbana ndi matenda imachepa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mutha kutenga matenda mosavuta. Matendawa angayambitse zizindikiro monga:

• Kumva kutopa nthawi zonse (Kutopa).
• Malungo ndi kuzizira.
• Kupweteka pakhosi kapena matenda (pharyngitis).
• Zilonda pakamwa.
• Kutsokomola kwambiri.
• Kutsegula m'mimba.
• Kuvuta kupuma.
• Kutupa kwa ma lymph nodes.
• Mafinya akutuluka m'mabala.

Zizindikiro za kuchepa kwa ma platelet m'magazi (thrombocytopenia)

Ma platelet anu akakhala otsika, magazi anu satseka bwino. Izi zingayambitse zinthu monga:

• Kupeza mabala pathupi lanu ngakhale kuchokera ku chinthu chaching'ono kwambiri.
• Kutuluka magazi komwe kumakhala kovuta kuletsa kapena komwe kumatenga nthawi yayitali.
• Kutuluka magazi ambiri panthawi ya msambo mwa akazi.
• Kutuluka magazi ndi ndowe, mkodzo , kapena kusanza.
• Madontho ofiira kapena ofiirira pakhungu (petechiae) - ofanana ndi ziphuphu. Nthawi zina madontho ofiira, ofiirira, kapena abulauni (purpura) amathanso kuwoneka.

Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa vutoli la pancytopenia?

Matenda a pancytopenia nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa cha vuto la kupanga maselo a magazi m'mafupa athu. Kodi mukudziwa kuti maselo athu amagazi amapangidwa m'mafupa? Njira imeneyi imatchedwa hematopoiesis . Maselo amenewa amatuluka m'mafupa ndipo amalowa m'magazi mwathu pokhapokha atakhwima.

Choncho, pancytopenia ingachitike ngati mafupa anu sapanga maselo athanzi okwanira, kapena ngati maselo amagaziwa awonongeka mofulumira kwambiri atapangidwa.

Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zingasokoneze kupanga kwa maselo a magazi awa kapena kuwawononga:

• Matenda okhudzana ndi mafupa:Pali matenda ena omwe amachititsa kuti mafuta a m'mafupa atulutse maselo a magazi osazolowereka. Ambiri mwa matenda amenewa amapezeka m'thupi lathu. Ena amabadwa nawo. Mwachitsanzo:
• Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi
• Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi (Fanconi anemia)
• Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi kwa Diamond-Blackfan

• Khansa: Maselo a khansa akafalikira ku mafupa, amasokoneza kupanga maselo athanzi m'magazi. Mitundu ina ya khansa yomwe ingayambitse pancytopenia ndi iyi:
• Khansa ya m'magazi
• Lymphoma
• Myeloma yambiri
• Myelofibrosis
• Matenda a Myelodysplastic
• Kufalikira kwa khansa kuchokera kwina kupita ku mafupa (khansa yofalikira)

• Kusowa zakudya zokwanira komanso kumwa mowa: Ngati thupi lanu silipeza michere yokwanira monga vitamini B12 ndi folate , silingathe kupanga maselo amagazi abwino. Komanso, kumwa mowa wambiri kungakhale chifukwa chachikulu cha pancytopenia.

• Matenda opatsirana: Matendawa amathanso kuyambitsidwa ndi mitundu ina ya mavairasi. Zitsanzo:
• Mononucleosis `(Mononucleosis - mono)`
• HIV (kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a chitetezo chamthupi mwa munthu)
• Chiwindi cha chiwindi C
• Parvovirus B19 `(Parvovirus B19)`
• Chifuwa chachikulu
• Malungo

• Matenda a chitetezo chamthupi: Apa ndi pamene maselo a thupi lanu amaukira maselo athanzi a magazi. Matenda a chitetezo chamthupi omwe angayambitse pancytopenia ndi awa:
• Lupus
• Matenda a nyamakazi

• Mankhwala Oletsa Khansa: Mankhwala ena, makamaka mankhwala a chemotherapy a khansa, amatha kuchepetsa kupanga maselo a magazi.

• Kukhudzidwa ndi poizoni: Poizoni woteteza chilengedwe monga benzene ndi arsenic amatha kuwononga maselo a m'magazi. Kukhudzidwa ndi poizoni kungachepetsenso maselo a m'magazi.

• Kuchotsa splenic:Matenda ena angayambitse maselo a magazi kusonkhana mu ndulu yanu. Matenda a autoimmune, cirrhosis ya chiwindi, ndi khansa zina zingayambitse izi. Izi zikachitika, ndulu imatha kutupa ndi kupweteka (splenomegaly).

Nthawi zina, madokotala sangapeze chifukwa chenicheni cha kuchepa kwa maselo a magazi. Izi zimatchedwa idiopathic pancytopenia .

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a pancytopenia?

Aliyense amene ali ndi matenda omwe tawakambirana kale akhoza kukhala ndi pancytopenia. Komabe, ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi vuto la magazi, kapena ngati mukulandira mankhwala a chemotherapy omwe amakhudza kupanga maselo a magazi, muli ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza vutoli.

Kodi matenda a pancytopenia amawapeza bwanji?

Kuwerengera magazi kwathunthu (CBC) nthawi zonse kungathe kuwona kuchuluka kwa maselo amagazi otsika. Izi zimatha kusiyana pang'ono kutengera zinthu monga zaka, mtundu, komanso thanzi.

Izi ndi milingo yomwe nthawi zambiri imaonedwa kuti ndi yotsika:

• Maselo ofiira a m'magazi: Kwa akazi, maselo ochepera 4.2 miliyoni pa microliter ya magazi kapena ochepera 12 g (g) ya hemoglobin (pa deciliter). Kwa amuna, maselo ochepera 4.7 miliyoni pa microliter ya magazi kapena ochepera 13 g ya hemoglobin (pa deciliter).
• Maselo oyera a m'magazi: Maselo oyera osakwana 4,000 pa microliter ya magazi, kapena chiwerengero cha ma neutrophil chosakwana 1,800 pa microliter ya magazi. Ma neutrophil ndi mtundu wa maselo oyera a m'magazi ambiri, kotero chiwerengerochi n'chofunika kwambiri.
• Ma platelets: Ma platelets ochepera 150,000 pa microliter imodzi ya magazi.

Ndi mayeso ena ati omwe akuchitidwa kuti apeze chomwe chikuyambitsa vutoli?

Dokotala wanu akangozindikira kuti muli ndi pancytopenia, angachite mayeso ena kuti adziwe chomwe chikuyambitsa vutoli. Mungafunikenso kuonana ndi dokotala yemwe ndi katswiri wa matenda a magazi (hematologist) .

Mayeso awa angaphatikizepo:

• Kuyeza magazi m'thupi: Kuyeza kumeneku kumayang'ana maselo a m'magazi anu pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu. Ngati pali maselo owoneka molakwika, kungapereke chidziwitso cha chomwe chikuyambitsa matendawa.
• Kuyesa kuchuluka kwa Vitamini B12 ndi folate: Pancytopenia nthawi zambiri imayamba chifukwa cha kusowa kwa zakudya m'thupi. Choncho kuyang'ana kuchuluka kumeneku kungathandize kudziwa ngati ndicho chifukwa chake.
• Kuchotsa mafuta m'mafupa ndi biopsy: Mu njira iyi, dokotala amatenga chitsanzo cha mafuta m'mafupa anu ndikuchiyesa kuti aone ngati pali matenda aliwonse omwe amayambitsa pancytopenia, monga khansa.

Kutengera zotsatira za mayeso anu, mbiri yanu yachipatala, ndi zizindikiro, dokotala wanu angachitenso mayeso ngati awa kuti apeze zifukwa zina:

• Kuyesa ma virus.
• Kuyesa matenda.
• Kuyesa matenda a autoimmune.
• Kuyesa kusintha kwa majini (kusintha kwa DNA yanu).

Kodi pancytopenia imachiritsidwa bwanji?

Chithandizo chimayang'ana kwambiri kupeza chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli, kuchichiza, ndikuchepetsa zizindikiro. Palinso mankhwala omwe angawonjezere mwachindunji kuchuluka kwa maselo m'magazi mwanu. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• Mankhwala: Pali mankhwala ena omwe amalimbikitsa mafuta a m'mafupa ndikuthandizira kupanga maselo ambiri amagazi.
• Kuikidwa Magazi: Ngati kuchuluka kwa maselo m'magazi anu kuli kochepa kwambiri ndipo kungakhale kovulaza thanzi lanu, mungapatsidwe mankhwala owonjezera a maselo ofiira a magazi kapena ma platelet.
• Kusamutsa maselo oyambira kapena mafupa: Njirazi zimaphatikizapo kuchotsa maselo oyambira omwe sagwira ntchito bwino (awa ndi maselo oyambira omwe amapanga maselo amagazi) ndikusamutsa maselo oyambira athanzi.

Ngati mulingo wanu wa neutrophil ndi wochepa kwambiri ndipo muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda, mutha kupatsidwanso maantibayotiki a broad-spectrum .

Kodi munthu amene ali ndi pancytopenia ayenera kuyembekezera chiyani?

Mwayi wanu wochira umadalira zomwe zinayambitsa kuchepa kwa maselo m'magazi. Pakadali pano palibe deta yeniyeni yokhudza kupambana kwa chithandizo cha pancytopenia. M'malo mwake, ofufuza akuyang'ana momwe chithandizo chilili chothandiza pa vuto lomwe lili mkati mwake.

Chofunika kwambiri n'chakuti pamene chithandizo cha matenda omwe amayambitsa matendawa chikukwera, zotsatira zake kwa anthu omwe ali ndi pancytopenia nazonso zimakwera. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za izi. Iye angakuuzeni zambiri za kafukufuku waposachedwa ndikufotokozera momwe zimakhudzira vuto lanu.

Kodi pancytopenia ndi vuto lalikulu?

Inde, zingakhale zoopsa. Zimatengeranso chomwe chikuyambitsa kuchepa kwa maselo m'magazi mwanu. Ngati muli ndi pancytopenia, dokotala wanu adzafufuza chomwe chikuyambitsa vutoli ndikupeza kuti ndi lalikulu bwanji.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kuchipatala (ETU) liti mwachangu momwe ndingathere?

Matenda a pancytopenia akhoza kukhala oopsa komanso oopsa ngati sakuthandizidwa. Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro izi, pitani kuchipatala mwamsanga:

• Ngati malungo ali pamwamba pa madigiri 101 Fahrenheit (38 digiri Celsius).
• Ngati mutataya chikumbumtima (kusiya kugwira ntchito).
• Ngati mukuvutika kupuma kwambiri.
• Kusokonezeka mwadzidzidzi.
• Ngati mutu wanu wayamba kudwala mutu watsopano.
• Ngati pali kutuluka magazi kwambiri.
• Ngati muli ndi ululu pachifuwa.
• Ngati chikomokere chachitika.

Matenda a pancytopenia angakukhudzeni m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Zimatengera momwe maselo anu amagazi alili otsika komanso chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa. Ngati kuchuluka kwa maselo m'magazi anu kukuikani pachiwopsezo cha kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, matenda opatsirana, kapena kutuluka magazi ambiri, tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu mosamala. Funsaninso za zizindikiro zilizonse zomwe zingasonyeze kuti muyenera kuonana ndi dokotala wanu.

Pomaliza, zinthu zoti muzikumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Kotero, mwina tsopano mukumvetsa kuti pancytopenia ndi vuto lomwe maselo athu onse atatu a m'magazi, omwe ndi maselo ofiira, maselo oyera, ndi ma platelet, amachepa nthawi imodzi. Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zambiri za izi, ndipo zizindikiro zake zimasiyananso.

Chofunika kwambiri ndikuonana ndi dokotala ngati muli ndi zizindikirozi. Iye amatha kuzindikira vuto ndikuyamba kulandira chithandizo chomwe mukufuna. Ngati mwazindikira msanga, nthawi zambiri mumatha kuthana ndi mavutowa bwino. Chifukwa chake, samalirani thupi lanu, ndipo ngati muwona china chake chosiyana, samalani nacho. Khalani ndi thanzi labwino!

Pancytopenia , Pancytopenia, Kusowa kwa maselo a magazi, Maselo ofiira a magazi, Maselo oyera a magazi, Mapulateleti, Mafuta a m'mafupa, Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, Leukopenia, Thrombocytopenia