Kodi mitundu yonse itatu ya maselo anu a m'magazi ndi yotsika? Tiyeni tikambirane za Pancytopenia | Nirogi Lanka

Kodi nthawi zambiri mumamva kutopa kwambiri? Mwina mumadwala mosavuta, kapena mumaona mabala osadziwikiratu pakhungu lanu? Zizindikirozi zitha kulumikizidwa ndi kusintha kwa maselo amagazi anu. Lero, tikufuna kukambirana nanu za vuto lomwe madokotala amalitcha "Pancytopenia." Chonde musachite mantha; tiyeni tikufotokozereni izi m'mawu osavuta komanso omveka bwino.

Kodi Pancytopenia ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, Pancytopenia ndi vuto lomwe kuchuluka kwa mitundu yonse itatu yayikulu ya maselo amagazi—maselo ofiira amagazi, maselo oyera amagazi, ndi ma platelet—kumakhala kotsika kuposa kwachibadwa. Ganizirani thupi lanu ngati fakitale yayikulu komanso yovuta. Monga momwe fakitale imadalira akatswiri osiyanasiyana kuti apitirize kugwira ntchito, thupi lanu limadalira maselo enieni amagaziwa kuti agwire ntchito zofunika kwambiri.

Izi ndi zomwe zimachitika pamene chiwerengero cha maselo chikutsika:

• Maselo Ofiira Ochepa a M'magazi: Maselo amenewa, omwe ali ndi puloteni yotchedwa hemoglobin , ndi omwe amayendetsa mpweya m'thupi lonse. Maselo ofiira a m'magazi anu akachepa, zimayambitsa kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi.
• Maselo Oyera Ochepa: Amadziwikanso kuti ma leukocyte , awa ndi mphamvu yoteteza thupi lanu. Amalimbana ndi majeremusi ndikukutetezani ku matenda. Ma neutrophils ndi mtundu wochuluka wa maselo oyera amagazi. Kuchepa kwa maselo oyera amagazi kumatchedwa leukopenia , ndipo kuchepa kwa ma neutrophils kumatchedwa neutropenia .
• Ma Platelets Ochepa: Ma Platelets ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta maselo tomwe timagwira ntchito yaikulu: kuthandiza magazi kuundana. Popanda ma platelet okwanira, otchedwa thrombocytopenia , thupi lanu limavutika kuletsa kutuluka magazi mukavulala.

Ngati muli ndi Pancytopenia, mutha kukhala ndi zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi chimodzi, zina, kapena zonse zomwe zili m'thupi lanu, kutengera kuopsa kwa kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa maselo a m'magazi.

Kodi Pancytopenia ndi yofala bwanji?

Matenda a pancytopenia si osowa kwenikweni, koma chifukwa amatha kuyambitsidwa ndi mavuto osiyanasiyana azachipatala, n'zovuta kudziwa kuchuluka kwa matendawa.

Kodi Zizindikiro za Pancytopenia ndi Ziti?

Nthawi zina, matenda a pancytopenia amatha kukhala ofatsa, ndipo simungazindikire zizindikiro zilizonse; amatha kupezeka pokhapokha mukamachita mayeso a magazi nthawi zonse. Komabe, nthawi zina, amatha kukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu, zomwe zimafuna chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu. Ngati mukumva zizindikiro zoopsa, funsani ogwira ntchito zadzidzidzi (911) kapena pitani kuchipatala chapafupi.

Nazi zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi kuchepa kwa mtundu uliwonse wa selo:

Zizindikiro za Maselo Ofiira Ochepa a M'magazi (Anemia)

Mukasowa maselo ofiira a magazi, minofu ndi ziwalo zanu sizilandira mpweya wokwanira, zomwe zingayambitse:

• Kutopa: Kumva kutopa nthawi zonse kapena kusowa mphamvu.
• Kupuma movutikira (Kupuma movutikira): Kupuma movutikira ngakhale mutachita khama pang'ono.
• Chizungulire.
• Mutu.
• Arrhythmia: Kugunda kwa mtima mothamanga kapena kosasinthasintha.
• Khungu lotumbululuka kapena lozizira, lokhala ndi chimfine.

Zizindikiro za Maselo Oyera Ochepa a M'magazi (Leukopenia)

Kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera m'magazi kumafooketsa chitetezo chamthupi chanu, zomwe zimakupangitsani kukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda, omwe angawonekere motere:

• Kutopa kosalekeza.
• Malungo ndi kuzizira.
• Pharyngitis (Kupweteka pakhosi).
• Zilonda pakamwa.
• Chifuwa chachikulu.
• Kutsegula m'mimba.
• Kupuma movutikira.
• Kutupa kwa ma lymph nodes.
• Kutulutsa mafinya kuchokera ku mabala kapena mabala.

Zizindikiro za Magazi Otsika (Thrombocytopenia)

Ngati kuchuluka kwa ma platelet m'magazi anu kuli kochepa, magazi anu sangathe kuundana bwino, zomwe zingayambitse:

• Kutupa kosavuta.
• Kutuluka magazi kwa nthawi yayitali chifukwa cha mabala ang'onoang'ono.
• Kusamba kolemera kuposa nthawi zonse.
• Magazi mu ndowe, mkodzo, kapena kusanza.
• Petechiae: Madontho ang'onoang'ono ofiira kapena ofiirira pakhungu ofanana ndi ziphuphu. Mutha kuwonanso mabala akuluakulu otchedwa purpura.

Kodi N'chiyani Chimayambitsa Pancytopenia?

Pancytopenia nthawi zambiri imachitika pamene pali kusokonezeka kwa mafupa anu, komwe maselo amagazi amapangidwa. Njira yovutayi imadziwika kuti hematopoiesis . Maselo amenewa akakhwima, amatulutsidwa m'magazi anu.

Ku Nirogi Lanka, tikuyang'ana mavuto awiri akuluakulu: mwina mafuta a m'mafupa anu sakupanga maselo athanzi okwanira, kapena maselo akuwonongeka mofulumira kuposa momwe amapangidwira.

Zinthu zodziwika bwino ndi izi:

• Matenda a m'mafupa: Matenda ena amachititsa kuti m'mafupa mupange maselo osayenera. Izi zitha kupezeka nthawi ya moyo wanu kapena zomwe mungalandire kuchokera kwa makolo anu. Zitsanzo zake ndi izi:
• Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi
• Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi (Fanconi anemia)
• Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi kwa Diamond-Blackfan

• Khansa: Maselo a khansa akalowa m'mafupa, amasokoneza kupanga maselo athanzi m'magazi. Mitundu ingapo ya khansa ingayambitse pancytopenia, kuphatikizapo:
• Khansa ya m'magazi
• Lymphoma
• Myeloma yambiri
• Myelofibrosis
• Matenda a Myelodysplastic
• Khansa ya metastatic (khansa yomwe yafalikira kuchokera mbali ina ya thupi kupita ku mafupa)

• Kusowa Zakudya ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mowa: Ngati thupi lanu lilibe michere yofunika monga Vitamini B12 ndi folate , likhoza kuvutika kupanga maselo amagazi athanzi. Kuphatikiza apo, kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso komanso kosatha kungakhale chifukwa chachikulu choyambitsa matenda a pancytopenia.

• Matenda: Matenda ena a mavairasi ndi mabakiteriya angayambitse vutoli, monga:
• Mononucleosis (mononucleosis)
• HIV (kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a chitetezo chamthupi mwa munthu)
• Chiwindi cha chiwindi C
• Parvovirus B19
• Chifuwa chachikulu
• Malungo

• Matenda a chitetezo chamthupi: Pazochitika izi, chitetezo chamthupi chanu chimaukira maselo amagazi athanzi molakwika. Matenda a chitetezo chamthupi omwe angayambitse pancytopenia ndi awa:
• Lupus
• Matenda a nyamakazi

• Mankhwala: Mankhwala ena, makamakaMankhwala a chemotherapy omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa khansa, amatha kuletsa kupanga maselo a magazi m'mafupa.

• Kukumana ndi Poizoni: Poizoni wopezeka m'malo monga benzene kapena arsenic amatha kuwononga maselo anu opanga magazi. Kuphatikiza apo, kuwonetsedwa ndi kuwala kwambiri kungayambitsenso kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa maselo m'magazi.

• Kuchotsa ma splenic sequestration: Matenda ena angayambitse maselo a magazi kulowa mu ndulu yanu. Matenda a autoimmune, cirrhosis ya chiwindi , ndi khansa zina zingayambitse izi. Izi zingayambitse ndulu kukula ( splenomegaly ), zomwe zingayambitse kusasangalala m'mimba.

Nthawi zina, madokotala sangathe kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa kuchepa kwa maselo a m'magazi; izi zimatchedwa idiopathic pancytopenia .

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga Pancytopenia?

Aliyense amene ali ndi matenda omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa akhoza kukhala ndi pancytopenia. Komabe, ngati muli ndi mbiri ya banja lanu ya matenda a magazi kapena mukulandira chithandizo chamankhwala monga chemotherapy chomwe chimakhudza kupanga maselo a magazi, mukhoza kukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu.

Kodi matenda a Pancytopenia amachiritsidwa bwanji?

Dokotala wanu nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito Complete Blood Count (CBC) kuti adziwe ngati kuchuluka kwa maselo a m'magazi anu kuli kotsika. Kumbukirani kuti kuchuluka kwa maselo m'magazi anu kumatha kusiyana pang'ono kutengera zaka zanu, fuko lanu, komanso thanzi lanu.

Kawirikawiri, milingo yotsatirayi imaonedwa kuti ndi yotsika:

• Maselo ofiira a m'magazi: Maselo ochepera 4.2 miliyoni pa microliter kwa akazi, kapena hemoglobin yosakwana 12 g/dL; kwa amuna, maselo ochepera 4.7 miliyoni pa microliter, kapena hemoglobin yosakwana 13 g/dL.
• Maselo oyera a m'magazi: Maselo oyera osakwana 4,000 pa microliter iliyonse, kapena chiwerengero cha neutrophil (ANC) chosakwana 1,800 pa microliter iliyonse. Popeza ma neutrophil ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wa maselo oyera a m'magazi, muyeso uwu ndi wofunikira kwambiri.
• Ma platelets: Ma platelets ochepera 150,000 pa microliter iliyonse.

Ndi mayeso ena ati omwe amafunika kuti adziwe chomwe chikuyambitsa vutoli?

Dokotala wanu akangozindikira kuti muli ndi pancytopenia, angachite kafukufuku wowonjezera kuti adziwe chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli. Mutha kutumizidwa kwa katswiri wa matenda a magazi (katswiri wa matenda a magazi).

Mayeso otsatira omwe amapezeka nthawi zambiri ndi awa:

• Kuyeza magazi m'mbali mwa thupi: Katswiri amafufuza maselo anu a m'magazi pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu. Mawonekedwe osakhazikika a maselo angapereke zizindikiro zofunika kwambiri zokhudza chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa.
• Kuyesa kuchuluka kwa Vitamini B12 ndi folate: Popeza kusowa zakudya m'thupi ndi chifukwa chofala, kuyesa kuchuluka kumeneku kumathandiza kuchepetsa kapena kuchepetsa kudya.
• Kuchotsa mafuta m'mafupa ndi biopsy: Dokotala amasonkhanitsa chitsanzo cha mafuta m'mafupa anu kuti awone matenda monga khansa omwe angakhudze kupanga.

Kutengera zotsatira za mayeso anu, mbiri yachipatala, ndi zizindikiro, dokotala wanu angafunenso mayeso a:

• Matenda opatsirana ndi mavairasi.
• Matenda ena oyambitsa matendawa.
• Zizindikiro za Autoimmune.
• Kusintha kwa majini (kusintha kwa DNA yanu).

Kodi Pancytopenia imachiritsidwa bwanji?

Chithandizo chimayang'ana kwambiri pa kuzindikira ndi kuthana ndi chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli komanso kuchepetsa zizindikiro zanu. Nthawi zina, chithandizo chowonjezera kuchuluka kwa maselo m'magazi chingakhale chofunikira:

• Mankhwala: Mankhwala ena amatha kuyambitsa mafuta m'mafupa kuti awonjezere kupanga maselo a m'magazi.
• Kuikidwa magazi: Ngati muli ndi magazi ochepa kwambiri ndipo muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu pa thanzi lanu, mungalandire ma cell ofiira a magazi kapena ma platelet.
• Kusamutsa maselo oyambira kapena mafupa: Njirayi imalowa m'malo mwa maselo oyambira owonongeka kapena osagwira ntchito m'mafupa anu ndi maselo athanzi.

Ngati kuchuluka kwa ma neutrophil anu kuli kochepa kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale chiopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda, dokotala wanu angakulembereni maantibayotiki a broadspectrum . Ngati mukumva zizindikiro zoopsa mwadzidzidzi, chonde funani chithandizo mwamsanga ku dipatimenti yadzidzidzi yapafupi kapena imbani 911.

Kodi muyenera kuyembekezera chiyani ngati muli ndi Pancytopenia?

Chiyembekezo chanu chochira chimadalira kwathunthu chifukwa chomwe chimayambitsa kuchepa kwa maselo m'magazi mwanu. Palibe chiwerengero chapadera cha "kuchira kwa pancytopenia" chifukwa si matenda odziyimira pawokha. M'malo mwake, nthawi yomwe mukuyembekezera matenda imatsimikiziridwa ndi momwe vuto lanu limayankhira bwino mukalandira chithandizo.

Chofunika kwambiri, pamene chithandizo cha matenda omwe amayambitsa matendawa chikupitirira, zotsatira zake zimakhalanso chimodzimodzi kwa omwe akulimbana ndi pancytopenia. Ndikofunikira kukambirana momasuka ndi dokotala wanu. Angakupatseni zambiri zachipatala zaposachedwa ndikufotokozera momwe zimagwirira ntchito pa thanzi lanu lapadera.

Kodi Pancytopenia ndi matenda oopsa?

Inde, ikhoza kukhala nkhani yaikulu yachipatala. Kuopsa kwake kumadalira chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa maselo m'magazi anu komanso momwe ziwerengerozi zatsikira. Ngati mwapezeka ndi matenda a pancytopenia, dokotala wanu adzasankha bwino chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwa chithandizo chamankhwala chomwe chikufunika.

Kodi muyenera kufunafuna chithandizo chadzidzidzi liti (ER/ETU)?

Ngati simulandira chithandizo, vuto lalikulu la pancytopenia likhoza kukhala pachiwopsezo. Ngati mukukumana ndi zotsatirazi, funani thandizo lachipatala mwamsanga ku Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) kapena chipinda chadzidzidzi chapafupi:

• Malungo a 38°C kapena kupitirira apo.
• Kukomoka kapena kufinya.
• Kupuma movutikira kwambiri.
• Kusokonezeka mwadzidzidzi kapena kusintha kwa maganizo.
• Mutu wopweteka kwambiri komanso wodzidzimutsa mwadzidzidzi.
• Kutuluka magazi ambiri kapena kosalamulirika.
• Kupweteka pachifuwa.
• Kugwidwa ndi khunyu.

Matenda a pancytopenia amakhudza aliyense mosiyana, kutengera momwe kuchuluka kwa magazi anu kulili kochepa komanso chifukwa chachikulu. Popeza kuchuluka kwa magazi ochepa kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, matenda opatsirana, komanso kutuluka magazi, chonde tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu molondola. Funsani dokotala wanu makamaka zizindikiro zomwe zimafuna kuti mupite kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo.

Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba

Monga tafotokozera, pancytopenia imachitika pamene maselo ofiira a m'magazi, maselo oyera a m'magazi, ndi ma platelet onse ali otsika kwambiri nthawi imodzi. Pali zifukwa zosiyanasiyana komanso zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana zomwe zingachitike.

Chofunika kwambiri ndi ichi: ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi zizindikiro izi, musazengereze. Pitani kwa dokotala wanu mwachangu kuti adziwe chomwe chikuyambitsa vutoli ndikuyamba njira yoyenera yothandizira. Mukazindikira msanga komanso kuchiza matendawa, nthawi zambiri matendawa amatha kuthetsedwa mosavuta. Nirogi Lanka ikukulimbikitsani kuti mumvere thupi lanu ndikukhala maso pa thanzi lanu. Ndikukufunirani thanzi labwino!

Mawu Ofunika: Pancytopenia, Kuchuluka kwa magazi m'thupi, Maselo ofiira a m'magazi, Maselo oyera a m'magazi, Mapulateleti, Mafupa, Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, Leukopenia, Thrombocytopenia