Chiwindi ndi chimodzi mwa ziwalo zofunika kwambiri m'thupi lanu. Chili ngati fakitale yayikulu. Chimagwira ntchito zambiri zofunika, monga kuchotsa poizoni muzakudya zomwe timadya, kusunga mphamvu, ndikupanga ndulu, zomwe zimatithandiza kugaya chakudya. Chifukwa chake, kusunga fakitaleyi ikugwira ntchito bwino ndikofunikira kwambiri pa thanzi la thupi lathu lonse. Koma nthawi zina pamakhala matenda omwe amakhudza chiwindi mwakachetechete, matenda omwe sitimva zambiri. Lero tikambirana za matenda amodzi otere. Umenewo ndi Primary Biliary Cholangitis, kapena PBC monga momwe timatchulira mwachidule.
Mwachidule, kodi PBC ndi chiyani?
Chabwino, tiyeni tisunge izi mophweka. Monga ndanenera kale, chiwindi chimapanga madzi otchedwa bile . Izi ndi zomwe zimatithandiza kugaya mafuta omwe timadya, kuyamwa mavitamini ena, ndikuchotsa cholesterol yosafunikira ndi poizoni m'thupi.
Tangoganizani, mkati mwa chiwindi muli netiweki ya ducts za bile, zomwe zili ngati chubu chaching'ono. Ndudu yomwe chiwindi chimapanga imayenda m'machubu ang'onoang'ono awa ndipo imasungidwa momwemo, kuthandiza kugaya chakudya pakafunika kutero. Chomwe chimachitika mu PBC ndichakuti ducts za bile izi zimawonongeka.
Mitsempha iyi ikawonongeka, ndulu siingayende bwino ndipo imayamba kusonkhana mkati mwa chiwindi. Zili ngati chitoliro chamadzi chosweka chomwe chimadzaza nyumba ndi madzi. Nndulu yomwe imasonkhana motere imayamba kuwononga maselo a chiwindi. Kuwonongeka kumeneku kukachitika pakapita nthawi, minofu ya zipsera imayamba kupanga m'malo mwa maselo a chiwindi athanzi. Matendawa timatcha matenda a cirrhosis . Chiwindi chikayamba kuvulala mwanjira iyi, ntchito yake yachibadwa imakhala yofooka kwambiri.
Magawo anayi a matenda a PBC
Matenda a PBC sakula msanga nthawi imodzi. Amakula pang'onopang'ono, kudzera m'magawo angapo. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala magawo anayi akuluakulu.
| Gawo | Zomwe zimachitika |
|---|---|
| Gawo 1 (Gawo la Portal) | Iyi ndi gawo loyamba. Chimene chimachitika apa ndi kutupa, komwe ndi kutupa, kuzungulira misempha ya ndulu. Kusinthaku kumayambira m'dera la khomo la chiwindi komwe mitsempha yamagazi ndi misempha ya ndulu zimalumikizana. |
| Gawo 2 (Gawo Lozungulira) | Tsopano kutupa kwafalikira pang'ono ndipo kwayamba kutuluka mozungulira ndulu. Ndi panthawiyi pomwe minofu yaying'ono ya zipsera (fibrosis) imayamba kupangika. |
| Gawo 3 (Gawo la Septal) | Pakadali pano, minofu ya chilondacho yafalikira kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwalo zina za chiwindi zilumikizane. Zili ngati ukonde wa zipsera zomwe zikufalikira m'chiwindi chonse ngati ukonde. |
| Gawo 4 (Kutupa kwa Mitsempha ya M'mimba) | Iyi ndi gawo loopsa kwambiri komanso lomaliza la matendawa. Pofika nthawi imeneyi, minofu ya zipsera yafalikira m'chiwindi chonse, kukulitsa chiwindi ndikupanga ziphuphu. Matendawa amatchedwa cirrhosis. Pa gawoli, ntchito ya chiwindi imachepa kwambiri. |
Kodi n’chiyani kwenikweni chimayambitsa matenda a PBC?
Ili ndi vuto lomwe anthu ambiri ali nalo. Ndipotu, madokotala sanapeze chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a PBC. Komabe, maganizo omwe akuvomerezedwa pano ndi akuti ndi matenda omwe amayambitsa chitetezo chamthupi chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kwa majini ndi zinthu zachilengedwe .
Chabwino, kodi matenda a autoimmune awa ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, izi ndi vuto la chitetezo chamthupi chathu. Nthawi zambiri, maselo athu oyera (makamaka maselo a T) amalimbana ndi majeremusi omwe amayambitsa matenda. Koma mu PBC, maselo oteteza awa amafooka ndipo amayamba kuukira maselo athanzi a ndulu m'chiwindi. Zili ngati gulu lathu lankhondo likuukira anthu athu molakwika.
Ndi pamene maselo athu amaukira ndulu nthawi zonse mwanjira imeneyi pomwe kuwonongeka komwe ndatchula kale kumayamba kuchitika.
Sitinganene kuti matendawa amafalikira kuchokera ku mibadwomibadwo kudzera m'majini. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, palibe lamulo loti chifukwa chakuti mayi ali ndi matendawa, mwana wake wamkazi nayenso adzadwala. Komabe, ngati wina m'banjamo, makamaka wachibale wapafupi (amayi, mlongo, kapena mchimwene), ali ndi matenda a PBC, chiopsezo cha ena kudwala matendawa chimakhala chachikulu pang'ono kuposa munthu wamba. Chifukwa chake, tinganene kuti pali kulumikizana kwa majini.
Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a PBC?
Ngakhale aliyense angathe kudwala matenda a PBC, anthu ena ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu. Tiyeni tiwone omwe ali.
| Zoopsa | Zambiri Zambiri |
|---|---|
| Jenda (Kugonana) | Izi n'zodabwitsa. Matenda a PBC amapezeka kwambiri mwa akazi. Akazi ali ndi mwayi wopeza matendawa nthawi 9 mpaka 10 kuposa amuna. |
| Zaka | Anthu ambiri omwe amapezeka ndi matendawa ali ndi zaka zapakati pa 30 ndi 60 , koma amathanso kupezeka kwa anthu aang'ono kapena okulirapo kuposa pamenepo. |
| Mbiri ya Banja | Monga ndanenera kale, ngati wina m'banja mwanu (makamaka amayi anu kapena mlongo wanu) ali ndi matenda a PBC, muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matendawa kuposa anthu onse. |
| Mbiri ya Majini | Padziko lonse lapansi, matendawa amapezeka kwambiri pakati pa anthu ochokera kumpoto kwa Europe (monga Scotland ndi mayiko a ku Scandinavia). Komabe, amatha kupezeka m'dziko lililonse komanso fuko lililonse padziko lonse lapansi. |
Kodi zizindikiro zake ndi ziti?
Ichi ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri. Choopsa kwambiri pa matenda a PBC ndichakuti anthu ambiri sasonyeza zizindikiro zilizonse kumayambiriro. Nthawi zina zimapezeka mwangozi magazi akayesedwa matenda ena.
Koma pamene matendawa akupitirira, zizindikiro monga izi zingawonekere:
- Kutopa: Chizindikiro chachikulu ndikumva kutopa kwambiri popanda chifukwa chomveka, ngakhale munthu akugona.
- Khungu Loyabwa: Mungakhale ndi kuyabwa kosatha thupi lonse, makamaka m'manja ndi m'mapazi.
- Maso ndi pakamwa pouma: Kuchepa kwa misozi m'maso ndi malovu mkamwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu azimva ngati wouma.
- Kupweteka kwa mafupa ndi mafupa.
- Kupweteka pang'ono kapena kusapeza bwino m'mimba pamwamba pa kumanja.
Pamene matendawa akupita patsogolo (mpaka kufika pa siteji ya cirrhosis), zizindikiro monga kutupa kwa miyendo, madzi m'mimba, ndi chikasu cha maso ndi khungu (jaundice) zingachitikenso.
Kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?
Ngati inu, makamaka ngati ndinu mkazi wazaka zapakati pa 30 ndi 60, mukukumana ndi zizindikiro monga kutopa kosalekeza komanso khungu loyabwa popanda chifukwa chomveka, musamangoganiza kuti "kungokalamba" kapena "ntchito yambiri." Pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo ndipo mukambirane za izi.
Dokotala adzakuyang'anirani ndipo, ngati pakufunika, adzalamula kuti muyesedwe magazi kangapo. Matendawa amatha kupezeka mosavuta pofufuza ma enzymes a chiwindi ndi ma antibodies enaake (AMA - Antimitochondrial Antibodies). Choncho musanyalanyaze zizindikiro. Akapezeka msanga, m'pamenenso amatha kuchiritsidwa ndi kulamulidwa.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- PBC ndi matenda osatha omwe amawononga ndulu yaying'ono m'chiwindi.
- Iyi si matenda opatsirana. Nthawi zambiri imayamba chifukwa cha vuto lomwe limapezeka m'thupi lathu (autoimmune).
- Poyamba, sipangakhale zizindikiro konse. Zizindikiro zoyamba zodziwika bwino ndi kutopa ndi kuyabwa pakhungu.
- Matendawa amapezeka kwambiri pakati pa akazi, makamaka azaka zapakati pa 30 ndi 60.
- Ngati muli ndi kukayikira kapena zizindikiro zilizonse zokhudzana ndi izi, dziyezetseni nokha (Dikirani, ndi Thai. Typo mu ndondomeko yanga yoganizira. Muyenera kusamala). Musadziyeze nokha, koma onani dokotala woyenerera ndikupempha upangiri.
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