Tiyeni tingophunzira za PCI (Percutaneous Coronary Intervention), mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsegula kutsekeka kwa mtima.

Kodi dokotala anakuuzapo kapena mnzanu kuti ali ndi vuto la mtima? Mwina inuyo mumamva kupweteka pachifuwa, kupweteka, komanso kuvutika kupuma mukakwera masitepe kapena kuchita khama pang'ono? Lero tikambirana za chithandizo chomwe madokotala amachitcha 'Angioplasty' kapena 'PCI'. Musachite mantha mukamva dzinali, iyi si opaleshoni yayikulu kapena yowononga monga momwe mungaganizire. Tiyeni tikambirane chilichonse mosavuta.

Kodi PCI ndi chiyani? Mwachidule...

Mwachidule, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) ndi njira yochotsera kutsekeka kwa mitsempha yomwe imanyamula magazi kupita kumtima (timatcha kuti mitsempha ya mtima) ndikulola kuti magazi ayambe kuyenda. Taganizirani izi ngati chitoliro chamadzi chomwe chili ndi kutsekeka mkati mwake ndipo sichikuyenda bwino. PCI ili ngati kuchotsa kutsekeka ndikuyeretsa chitoliro kachiwiri.

Anthu ambiri amadziwa kuti chithandizochi ndi angioplasty . Mwina munamvapo kale za ichi. Chimaphatikizapo kulumikiza chubu chopyapyala (catheter) kudzera m'mitsempha yomwe ili m'dzanja lanu kapena mwendo wanu kupita ku mtsempha wopapatiza womwe uli mumtima mwanu, kenako n’kutulutsa baluni yaying'ono kumapeto kwa chubu kuti malo opapatizawo akule.

Ma stenti ambiri atsopano ali ndi mankhwala omwe amachepetsa chiopsezo chakuti mitsempha yamagazi itsekekenso. Timatcha awa kuti 'ma stenti osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala'. Izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zotsatira zabwino kwambiri.

Ndani akufunikira chithandizo ichi?

Pakapita nthawi, zinthu monga mafuta ndi cholesterol zimasonkhana m'mitsempha yathu yamagazi, ndikupanga gawo lokhuthala. Zili ngati dzimbiri lomwe limasonkhana mkati mwa chitoliro chakale chamadzi. Mu zamankhwala, timatcha gawoli 'plaque. ' Mkhalidwe womwe ma plaque awa amasonkhana m'mitsempha, ndikuchepetsa ndikukulitsa makoma, umatchedwa atherosclerosis .

Izi zimapangitsa kuti mitsempha ya m'magazi ichepetseke ndipo mtima sulandira magazi okwanira. Izi zimachitika pamene:

• Mukachita khama pang'ono, kukwera masitepe, kapena kuyenda mofulumira, mumamva kupweteka kapena kupsinjika pachifuwa chanu . Izi zimatchedwa angina .
• Kupuma kukuvuta, ndikumva ngati ndayamba misala.

Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi zizindikiro izi, chithandizo cha PCI chimachitika kuti achotse chipikacho ndikubwezeretsa kuyenda kwa magazi.

Komanso, matenda a mtima mwadzidzidziPCI ndi mankhwala opulumutsa moyo kwa munthu amene ali ndi matenda a mtima. Matenda a mtima ndi pamene mtsempha wamagazi watsekedwa kwathunthu, zomwe zimaletsa kuyenda kwa magazi kupita ku gawo la mtima. Kenako, kutsekekako kuyenera kutsegulidwa mwachangu momwe zingathere ndipo magazi amatha kupopedwa. PCI ingachite zimenezo mwachangu ndikuchepetsa kwambiri kuwonongeka kwa mtima.

Kodi pali milandu iliyonse yomwe chithandizo cha PCI sichiyenera kuchitidwa?

Dokotala wanu wa mtima adzasankha ngati mukufunikira izi, ngati mungathe kuzithetsa ndi mankhwala okha, kapena ngati mukufuna opaleshoni yayikulu yotchedwa coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). Izi ndi zosiyana kwa munthu aliyense.

Pakusankha mankhwala, dokotala amaganizira zinthu izi:

• Mitsempha yanu ingati yatsekeka, kutsekeka kwake kuli koopsa bwanji, komanso komwe ili.
• Kupatula matenda a mtima, kodi muli ndi matenda ena monga matenda a shuga kapena impso?
• Kodi minofu ya mtima wanu ikugwira ntchito bwanji, zinthu monga msinkhu wanu?

Choncho, dokotala adzakufotokozerani chithandizo chomwe chili choyenera kwa inu.

Kodi muyenera kuchita chiyani musanalandire chithandizo?

Pokhapokha ngati ndi matenda a mtima mwadzidzidzi, dokotala wanu adzakupatsani malangizo a momwe mungakonzekerere izi.

• Kudya ndi kumwa: Nthawi zambiri mudzapemphedwa kuti musiye kudya ndi kumwa maola 6-8 musanayambe kulandira chithandizo.
• Mankhwala: Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti ngati mukumwa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi kapena mankhwala ena aliwonse, muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu. Angakufunseni kuti musiye kumwa mankhwalawa masiku angapo musanalandire chithandizo. Apo ayi, mungamve magazi ambiri panthawi ya chithandizo. Muyenera kuchita izi monga momwe dokotala wanu wakuuzani. Musasiye kapena kusintha mankhwala anu nokha.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani panthawi ya chithandizo?

Musachite mantha mukamva izi, si nkhani yaikulu monga momwe mukuganizira. Izi zimachitika ndi dokotala yemwe waphunzitsidwa mwapadera pochiza matenda a mtima (Interventional Cardiologist). Mudzapatsidwa mankhwala ochepetsa ululu kuti mukhale omasuka komanso odekha. Kuti musamve ululu uliwonse, koma mudzakhala maso. Mudzamva zomwe dokotalayo akunena.

Nazi njira zosavuta zochizira:

Ntchito yonseyi ingatenge kuyambira mphindi 30 mpaka pafupifupi maola awiri, kutengera mtundu wa kutsekeka kwa mitsempha yanu.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani mukalandira chithandizo?

Mukamaliza PCI, mudzasungidwa pamalo ochiritsira kwa maola angapo kuti muwone momwe mtima wanu umagunda komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi. Pakhoza kukhala mabala kapena kupweteka komwe catheter idayikidwa. Izi ndizabwinobwino ndipo zidzatha pakatha masiku ochepa. Nthawi zambiri, mudzatha kupita kunyumba usiku womwewo kapena m'mawa wotsatira.

Kodi ubwino ndi zoopsa za chithandizochi ndi ziti?

Monga chithandizo chilichonse, ichi chili ndi ubwino ndi zoopsa zazing'ono.

Ubwino waukulu

• Kuchira mwachangu: Popeza iyi si opaleshoni yayikulu, mutha kuchira ndikubwerera ku moyo wabwinobwino mwachangu kuposa opaleshoni ya bypass.
• Kuchepetsa zizindikiro: Zinthu monga kupweteka pachifuwa (angina) ndi kupuma movutikira pamene mukuchita khama (dyspnea) zimachepa kwambiri.
• Kupulumutsa miyoyo: Izi zingapulumutse miyoyo mwa kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa mtima panthawi ya matenda a mtima.

Zoopsa zomwe zingachitike

Ngakhale kuti PCI ndi njira yotetezeka kwambiri , pali zovuta zingapo zomwe zingachitike.

• Kutuluka magazi kapena matenda pamalo pomwe chubucho chinayikidwa.
• Magazi amaundana mkati mwa stent (mankhwala amaperekedwa kuti apewe izi).
• Mtsempha wothandizidwa umatsekekanso pakapita nthawi.
• Kuwonongeka kwa impso (makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a impso omwe analipo kale).
• Kawirikawiri, sitiroko imachitika.

Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti munthu achire ndipo ndiyenera kuda nkhawa ndi chiyani?

Nthawi zambiri mungabwerere kuntchito zanu zachizolowezi mkati mwa sabata imodzi. Komabe, ngati muli ndi ntchito yonyamula katundu wolemera kapena yolimbitsa thupi, zingatenge nthawi kuti mubwerere kuntchito. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za izi.

Ichi ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri:

Pambuyo pa chithandizo, dokotala wanu adzakupatsani mankhwala oletsa magazi kuundana (monga Clopidogrel, Prasugrel, Ticagrelor). Ndikofunikira kumwa mankhwala awa monga momwe mwalangizidwira, osaphonya tsiku limodzi. Mankhwalawa amaletsa magazi kuundana mkati mwa stent. Chifukwa chake, tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu molondola.

Ndiyenera kupitanso kwa dokotala nthawi yanji?

Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi mutapita kunyumba mutalandira chithandizo, dziwitsani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo kapena pitani ku Dipatimenti Yoona za Zadzidzidzi (ETU) ya chipatala chapafupi.