Kodi mwakhala mukuvutika kupuma, kutupa miyendo yanu, kapena vuto la mtima ndipo dokotala wanu wakuuzani za opaleshoni yotchedwa "Pericardiectomy"? Mutha kuchita mantha pang'ono mukamva dzina limenelo, ndipo zimenezo n'zachibadwa. Koma musadandaule. Njira yabwino yothetsera chilichonse ndikudziwa bwino za opaleshoniyi. Chifukwa chake lero, tikambirana za opaleshoniyi, chifukwa chake yachitika, momwe imachitikira, ndi zomwe zimachitika pambuyo pa opaleshoniyi m'njira yosavuta yomwe mungamvetse.
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Choyamba, kodi 'pericardium' iyi ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, pericardium ndi thumba loteteza lomwe limazungulira mtima wanu. Kunena zoona, ndi thumba lokhala ndi makoma awiri. Pakati pa makoma awiriwa pali madzi ochepa kwambiri . Madzi awa amathandiza mtima kugunda bwino, popanda vuto lililonse, popanda kukangana. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, amagwira ntchito ngati mafuta ofunikira pa ntchito ya mtima.
Koma kodi mungakhale popanda chivundikiro ichi?
Inde, n'zotheka ndithu. 'Pericardium' iyi si yofunikira pakugwira ntchito bwino kwa mtima. Ngati mapapu anu ndi minofu yayikulu yomwe ili pansi pake yotchedwa diaphragm zili bwino, kuchotsa chophimba ichi sikungayambitse mavuto. Ndipotu, ngati muli ndi vuto monga 'Pericarditis' (kutupa kwa pericardium), mafuta a 'Pericardium' yanu atayika kale. Choncho kuchotsa sikungapangitse vutoli kukhala loipa kwambiri.
Ndiye, ndi zifukwa ziti zomwe zimachititsa opaleshoni iyi (Pericardiectomy)?
Chifukwa chachikulu komanso chofala kwambiri cha opaleshoniyi ndi vuto lotchedwa Constrictive Pericarditis .
Tangoganizirani, chingachitike n’chiyani ngati thumba losinthasintha ili lozungulira mtima wanu litakhala louma, lokhuthala, komanso ngati chipolopolo cholimba cha kokonati? Lingachepetse malo oti mtima wanu ugwire momasuka ndikudzaza ndi magazi, sichoncho? Ndicho chimene chimatchedwa Constrictive Pericarditis.
Pamene mkati mwa mtima mukhuthala ndi kuuma motere:
- Zipinda za mtima sizikudzaza ndi magazi okwanira.
- Magazi omwe ayenera kupopedwa ndi mtima amayamba kubwerera m'mapapo.
- Mtima sungathe kupompa magazi mwachizolowezi.
- Miyendo ndi mimba zimayamba kutupa.
- Izi ndi zizindikiro zofanana ndi kulephera kwa mtima.
Ngati pali vuto lalikulu la Constrictive Pericarditis, njira yabwino kwambiri ndiyo kuchotsa chophimba chokhuthalachi mwa opaleshoni.
Gome ili m'munsimu likuwonetsa zinthu zingapo zomwe zingayambitse Constrictive Pericarditis.
| Chifukwa | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Zifukwa Zosadziwika (Idiopathic) | Kawirikawiri, chifukwa chenicheni cha vutoli sichingapezeke. |
| Opaleshoni ya mtima yakale | Zitha kuchitika ngati zotsatira zoyipa za opaleshoni ya mtima yomwe idachitika kale. |
| Chithandizo cha radiation pachifuwa | Ngati mwalandira chithandizo cha radiation pachifuwa chifukwa cha matenda monga khansa. |
| Matenda ena | Matenda monga chifuwa chachikulu ndi Mesothelioma. |
| Matenda a mavairasi kapena mabakiteriya | Matenda oopsa omwe amakhudza mtima. |
Kuwonjezera pa chifukwa chachikulu ichi, opaleshoni ya Pericardiectomy imachitika m'matenda ena angapo:
- Ngati matenda a pericarditis abwereranso.
- Chifukwa cha zovuta zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha mankhwala ena.
- Kawirikawiri, vuto lotchedwa Cardiac Tamponade limachitika pamene madzi amasonkhana mozungulira mtima ndikukankhira pamtima.
Momwe opaleshoni imachitikira komanso nthawi yochira
Opaleshoni ya mtima yotchedwa Pericardiectomy ndi opaleshoni yotsegula mtima. Gulu la opaleshoni:
1. Kucheka kumapangidwa m'mbali mwa fupa la pachifuwa (sternum) pakati pa chifuwa chanu kuti mufike pamtima. Njira imeneyi imatchedwa Median Sternotomy .
2. Nthawi zambiri mumalumikizidwa ndi makina omwe amagwira ntchito kwakanthawi mumtima ndi m'mapapo mwanu (cardiopulmonary bypass). Izi zimathandiza madokotala kuchotsa bwino mkati mwa mtima wanu.
3. Chophimba cholimba komanso chokhuthala chozungulira mtima (pericardium) chimachotsedwa mosamala.
4. Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, sternum imalumikizidwanso ndi mawaya ndipo chochekacho chimatsekedwa ndi zosokera.
Opaleshoni iyi nthawi zambiri imatenga maola awiri kapena atatu . Mukamaliza opaleshoniyi, mudzayang'aniridwa m'chipinda chosamalira odwala kwambiri kwa masiku angapo, ndipo nthawi zambiri mudzakhalaMuyenera kukhala m'chipatala kwa masiku pakati pa 5 ndi 7 .
Zimatenga pakati pa masabata 6 ndi 8 kuti munthu achire bwino. Muyenera kupewa kunyamula zinthu zolemera panthawiyi, koma pang'onopang'ono mutha kuyambiranso ntchito zapakhomo.
Kodi ubwino ndi zoopsa za opaleshoniyi ndi ziti?
Monga opaleshoni ina iliyonse yaikulu, opaleshoniyi ili ndi ubwino komanso zoopsa zake. Zoopsa zake zitha kuchepetsedwa pochita opaleshoniyi ndi dokotala wodziwa bwino ntchito ya mtima.
| Ubwino | Zoopsa |
|---|---|
| Zizindikiro zimasowa kwambiri. | Mavuto otuluka magazi. |
| Pali mwayi waukulu wochira kwathunthu kuposa kumwa mankhwala. | Kufunika kupatsidwa magazi. |
| Kupewa kuwonongeka kwina kwa minofu ya mtima. | Kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa mtima (Atrial Fibrillation). |
| Moyo wabwino kwambiri. | Kuwonongeka kwa impso. |
| Kawirikawiri, kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yomwe imathandiza kupuma (mitsempha ya phrenic) kumachitika. | |
| Ndikochepa kwambiri, chiopsezo cha imfa ndi 1% - 2%. |
Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti ndikachita opaleshoni?
Mukabwerera kunyumba kuchokera kuchipatala, muyenera kudziwitsa dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo ngati zizindikiro zilizonse zochenjeza zikuwonekera.
- Ngati mukumva kupweteka kwambiri pachifuwa .
- Ngati muli ndi malungo .
- Ngati madzi ambiri akutuluka pa bala la opaleshoni.
Kawirikawiri, mudzaonana ndi dokotala wanu wa mtima pasanathe sabata imodzi kapena ziwiri mutatuluka kuchipatala. Komanso, echocardiogram idzachitika patatha milungu 6 kuti muwone momwe mtima wanu ukuyendera.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Kuchotsa mtima ndi opaleshoni yaikulu yomwe imachotsa chivundikiro chakunja chokhuthala komanso cholimba cha mtima.
- Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika ngati chithandizo cha matenda otchedwa Constrictive Pericarditis.
- Ngakhale kuti opaleshoni imeneyi ndi yotsegula mtima, zotsatira zake zabwino zitha kupezeka ngati zichitika motsogozedwa ndi gulu lachipatala lodziwa bwino ntchito.
- Ngakhale zimatenga pafupifupi milungu 6-8 kuti munthu achire bwino atachitidwa opaleshoni, anthu ambiri amakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino kwambiri kwa nthawi yayitali.
- Ngati muli ndi mantha kapena mafunso okhudza opaleshoniyi, kambiranani momasuka ndi dokotala wanu. Adzakupatsani chidziwitso chonse ndi chithandizo chomwe mukufuna.
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