Tangoganizani kuti mwadzidzidzi mukumva kupweteka kwambiri pachifuwa panu, limodzi ndi nseru . Ululuwu umakula kwambiri mukapuma mpweya wozama kapena kugona pansi. Koma zodabwitsa, mukakhala pansi ndikuwerama, umaoneka kuti ukuchepa pang'ono. Anthu ambiri amaopa kuti uwu ndi matenda a mtima panthawi ngati iyi. Mantha amenewo ndi oyenera, koma zizindikirozi ndizosiyana ndi matenda a mtima, koma zitha kukhala vuto lomwe limafuna chisamaliro. Lero tikulankhula za matenda awa okhudzana ndi mtima wathu. Umenewo ndi Pericarditis .
Mwachidule, kodi Pericarditis ndi chiyani?
Mtima wathu si chiwalo chokha. Umazunguliridwa ndi chophimba chopyapyala chonga thumba kuti chitetezedwe. Izi ndi zomwe madokotala amati pericardium . Ntchito yayikulu ya thumba ili ndikuchepetsa kukangana komwe kumachitika mtima ukagunda komanso kuteteza mtima ku matenda ochokera kunja.
Choncho, Pericarditis ndi kutupa kwa thumba loteteza lomwe limazungulira mtima. Tikamanena kuti "kutupa," ganizirani ngati tikavulala kwinakwake m'thupi lathu, malowo amakhala ofiira, otupa, komanso opweteka. Uwu ndi vuto lomwe limachitika m'thumba ili lomwe limazungulira mtima. Izi nthawi zambiri zimayamba mwadzidzidzi ndipo zimatha kwa milungu kapena miyezi.
Ngakhale kuti vutoli limatha kuchitika pa msinkhu uliwonse, limapezeka kwambiri mwa amuna azaka zapakati pa 16 ndi 65. Chabwino kwambiri n’chakuti nthawi zambiri limachiritsidwa bwino komanso limachiritsidwa.
Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya pericarditis ndi iti?
Vutoli lingagawidwe m'magulu akuluakulu angapo kutengera nthawi ndi chifukwa cha kukula kwake. Ndikofunikira kuti mudziwe izi.
| Mtundu | Kufotokozera kosavuta |
|---|---|
| Kutengera nthawi ya matendawa | |
| Matenda a mtima otchedwa acute pericarditis (omwe amayamba mwadzidzidzi) | Zimayamba mwadzidzidzi. Zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosakwana milungu 4-6. |
| Subacute Pericarditis (yomwe imatenga nthawi yayitali) | Zizindikiro zimatha kwa milungu yoposa 4-6, koma nthawi zambiri zimatha mkati mwa miyezi itatu. |
| Matenda a Pericarditis Osatha | Zizindikiro zimapitirira kwa miyezi yoposa itatu kuchokera pamene matendawa ayamba. |
| Pericarditis yobwerezabwereza | Pambuyo polandira chithandizo choyamba ndikuchira, vutoli limabwereranso. Izi zitha kuchitika kwa odwala pafupifupi 30%. |
| Malinga ndi chifukwa cha matendawa | |
| Idiopathic Pericarditis | Palibe chifukwa chenicheni cha izi. Uwu ndi mtundu womwe umawoneka nthawi zambiri. |
| Matenda a Pericarditis opatsirana | Zimayambitsidwa ndi matenda monga mavairasi, mabakiteriya, kapena bowa. |
| Pericarditis Yoopsa | Zingayambitsidwe ndi khansa kwina kulikonse m'thupi. |
| Kupweteka kwa mtima (traumatic pericarditis) | Zitha kuchitika pambuyo povulala pachifuwa, mwachitsanzo, ngozi yagalimoto. |
| Uremic Pericarditis | Matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kulephera kwa impso. |
Kuphatikiza apo, pali vuto lalikulu lotchedwa Constrictive Pericarditis . Apa ndi pamene nembanemba ya thumba lozungulira mtima imakhuthala, imapsa, ndipo imamatirana. Izi zimapangitsa kuti mtima usamagunde momasuka.
Kodi zizindikiro za pericarditis ndi ziti? Kodi mumazindikira bwanji?
Chizindikiro chachikulu komanso chodziwika bwino cha vutoli ndi kupweteka pachifuwa . Koma uwu si ululu wamba pachifuwa.
- Zikumveka ngati ululu wakuthwa komanso wobaya .
- Ululuwu umawonjezeka mukakosoza, kumeza, kupuma mozama, ndi kugona pansi .
- Ululu umachepa mukakhala pansi mutawerama .
Zizindikiro ziwiri zomalizazi (kuwonjezeka pamene ukuwerama ndi kuchepa pamene ukuwerama patsogolo) ndizofunikira kwambiri posiyanitsa pericarditis ndi matenda a mtima.
Ululu wa pachifuwa nthawi zina umafalikira kumsana, pakhosi, kapena ngakhale paphewa lamanzere.
Kuwonjezera pa kupweteka pachifuwa, mungakhalenso ndi zizindikiro zina monga:
- Kuvuta kupuma mukagona
- Chifuwa chouma chopweteka
- Kugunda kwa mtima (kumva ngati mtima wanu ukugunda mofulumira kapena mosinthasintha)
- Kutopa
- Malungo
- Kutupa kwa miyendo, akakolo, ndi mapazi m'mavuto aakulu
Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo . Ngati mukuganiza kuti zizindikiro zanu ndi zazikulu, pitani ku chipinda chapafupi chadzidzidzi (ETU) mwachangu momwe mungathere. Si bwino kuchedwetsa zinthu.
N’chifukwa chiyani matenda a Pericarditis amapezeka? Kodi zifukwa zazikulu ndi ziti?
Matenda a pericarditis amatha kukhala ndi zifukwa zingapo. Komabe, m'maiko akumadzulo, nthawi zambiri amaonedwa ngati matenda osadziwika bwino kapena oyambitsidwa ndi kachilombo. Madokotala agawa zifukwazi m'magulu awiri akuluakulu.
1. Zoyambitsa matenda:
- Mavairasi: Mavairasi monga fuluwenza, COVID-19, adenovirus, HIV.
- Mabakiteriya: Matenda opatsirana ndi mabakiteriya monga chifuwa chachikulu.
- Bowa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda: Izi sizimapezeka kawirikawiri.
2. Zinthu zomwe sizimayambitsa matenda:
- Opaleshoni pachifuwa kapena ngozi .
- Khansa yomwe imapezeka kwina m'thupi.
- Matenda a autoimmune: Monga lupus ndi rheumatoid arthritis, awa ndi matenda omwe chitetezo cha mthupi lathu chimaukira maselo athu.
- Uremia, vuto la kulephera kwa impso kosachiritsidwa.
- Kusowa kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro (hypothyroidism yoopsa) .
Zinthu zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo
Muli pachiopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a pericarditis pambuyo pa zochitika zina.
- Pambuyo pa matenda a mtima:Izi zimatchedwanso kuti Dressler's syndrome.
- Pambuyo pa opaleshoni ya mtima: Izi zimatchedwa postpericardiotomy syndrome.
- Pambuyo polandira chithandizo cha radiation.
- Pambuyo pa chithandizo china chamankhwala, monga kuchiza matenda a mtima kapena kuchiza matenda pogwiritsa ntchito radiofrequency ablation (RFA) .
Kodi izi zingayambitse mavuto otani?
Ngati pericarditis sichitha kuchiritsidwa pa nthawi yake, mavuto oopsa angachitike.
Chofunika kwambiri ndi Pericardial Effusion . Mwachidule, ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi (madzi) mkati mwa thumba lozungulira mtima. Ngakhale kuti madzi pang'ono si nkhani yaikulu, ngati madziwa akuwonjezeka mofulumira, angayambitse matenda oopsa kwambiri otchedwa Cardiac Tamponade .
Kuthamanga kwa mtima (cardiac tamponade) ndi vuto lomwe madzi amasonkhana mozungulira mtima, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti usamayende bwino. Izi ndi zadzidzidzi zachipatala zomwe zingakhale zoopsa pa moyo.
Ndicho chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kwambiri kuonana ndi dokotala mukangoona zizindikiro za pericarditis. Ngati muyamba chithandizo msanga, mutha kupewa mavuto akuluakulu awa.
Dokotala, mumazindikira bwanji izi?
Mukapita kukaonana ndi dokotala wanu, choyamba adzakufunsani za zizindikiro zanu komanso ngati mwadwala matenda aliwonse posachedwapa. Kenako adzaika stethoscope pachifuwa chanu ndikuchiyang'ana.
Pa pericarditis, nembanemba yotupa imagundana pamene mtima ukugunda, ndikupanga phokoso lozungulira, ngati masamba awiri akugundana. Madokotala amatcha izi kuti "pericardial rub." Ngati mumva phokosoli, ndi chizindikiro champhamvu chakuti muli ndi pericarditis.
Kuphatikiza apo, kuti atsimikizire matendawa ndikuwona ngati pali zovuta, dokotala wanu angakupatseni mayeso angapo ngati awa.
| Mayeso | Mukuona chiyani pamenepa? |
|---|---|
| X-ray pachifuwa | Yang'anani zinthu monga kukula kwa mtima ndi ngati pali madzi m'mapapo. |
| Kadiyogramu ya Kadiyo (ECG) | Yang'anani kusintha kwa ntchito yamagetsi ya mtima. Mawonekedwe enieni a pericarditis amatha kuwoneka pa ECG. |
| Echocardiogram (Echo) | Yang'anani momwe mtima ukugwirira ntchito komanso ngati thumba lozungulira mtima ladzazidwa ndi madzi owonjezera. |
| MRI ya mtima | Yang'anani mosamala ngati pali kutupa, kukhuthala, kapena kutsekeka kwa mtima m'thumba lozungulira mtima. |
| Kujambula kwa CT | Yang'anani thumbalo ngati lili ndi calcium yambiri komanso mtedza. |
| Kukonza Catheterization ya Mtima | Kuti mutsimikizire matenda monga pericarditis yotsekeka, yesani kuthamanga kwa magazi mkati mwa mtima. |
| Kuyezetsa magazi | Zizindikiro zotupa m'thupi zimathandiza kuzindikira chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa. |
Kodi mankhwala a pericarditis ndi ati?
Kawirikawiri imachiritsidwa ndi mankhwala ndi zoletsa kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, koma pakakhala zovuta kwambiri, kutaya madzi m'thupi kapena opaleshoni kungakhale kofunikira.
Mankhwala
Anthu ambiri amapeza mpumulo kuchokera ku mankhwala awa.
- NSAIDs: Mankhwala ochepetsa ululu ndi oletsa kutupa, monga ibuprofen kapena aspirin wochuluka.
- Colchicine: Iyi ndi mtundu wa mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kutupa. Dokotala wanu angakulembereni izi ngati zizindikiro zanu zakhalapo kwa milungu yoposa iwiri kapena ngati vutoli likubwereranso.
- Prednisone: Uwu ndi mtundu wa steroid. Ukhoza kuperekedwa ngati mankhwala ena sakugwira ntchito kwa inu.
- Mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kapena opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda: Ngati matenda anu ayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo ka bakiteriya kapena bowa, mudzapatsidwa mankhwala oyenera opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Kuletsa kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi kupuma
Kupuma n'kofunika kwambiri pochira matenda a pericarditis. Ngati mumachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuthamanga, kapena kuchita zinthu zina zolemetsa, zimatha kukulitsa kutupa. Chifukwa chake, dokotala wanu adzakuuzani nthawi yeniyeni komanso mpaka pati yomwe muyenera kuchepetsa kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsatira malangizo awa molondola.
Kutulutsa madzi m'madzi
Ngati vuto ngati Cardiac Tamponade, lomwe tidalankhula kale, litachitika, kutanthauza kuti, ngati mtima wadzazidwa ndi madzi ndipo mtima watsekeka, madzi owonjezerawo ayenera kuchotsedwa.
- Pericardiocentesis: Izi zimaphatikizapo kulowetsa chubu chachitali komanso choonda (catheter) kudzera pachifuwa ndikuchotsa madzi omwe asonkhana m'thumba lozungulira mtima.
- Zenera la pericardial: Ngati madziwo sangachotsedwe ndi singano, kudula pang'ono kumapangidwa pachifuwa, kutsegula pang'ono kumapangidwa m'thumba lozungulira mtima, ndipo madziwo amaloledwa kutuluka kudzera mmenemo.
Opaleshoni
Ngati muli ndi vuto lalikulu monga Constrictive Pericarditis, mungafunike kuchitidwa opaleshoni yotchedwa Pericardiectomy , yomwe ndi opaleshoni yochotsa gawo la thumba lokhuthala lomwe limazungulira mtima.
Kodi chotsatira nchiyani? Kodi tingayembekezere chiyani?
Mudzafunika kupuma kwakanthawi pamene mukuchira matenda a pericarditis. Mukachira mokwanira, mutha kuyambiranso zochita zanu zachizolowezi. Koma musabwererenso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mpaka dokotala wanu atakuuzani kuti, "Chabwino, tsopano zili bwino."
Nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti anthu ambiri akalandira chithandizo cha nthawi yake, amachira kwathunthu . Matenda ena ofooka amatha kuchira akamapuma. Koma ngati sachiritsidwa, amatha kukhala osachiritsika.
Pakati pa 15% ndi 30% ya anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la pericarditis amakhala ndi zochitika zobwerezabwereza pakapita nthawi. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kumwa mankhwala omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani komanso kutsatira nthawi zonse nthawi zonse.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Sikuti ululu uliwonse wa pachifuwa womwe umakumana nawo ndi matenda a mtima, koma ululu uliwonse wa pachifuwa uyenera kuonedwa mozama .
- Kupweteka kwa pericarditis kuli ndi zizindikiro zakezake: kupweteka kwakukulu komwe kumawonjezeka munthu akagona pansi ndipo kumachepa munthu akawerama patsogolo .
- Ngati mukaonana ndi dokotala nthawi yake ndikupeza chithandizo, nthawi zambiri izi zimatha kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu .
- Imwani mankhwala omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani pa nthawi yake. Musayime pakati. Ngati akukuuzani kuti mupumule, tsatirani malangizo ake molondola.
- Ngakhale matendawa atachira, kuyesedwa nthawi zonse kwa dokotala kumathandiza kuti matendawa asabwererenso.
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