Tiyeni tingophunzira za mankhwala omangira phosphate omwe amatengedwa ndi odwala impso.

Kodi dokotala wanu wakuuzani kuti mumwe mankhwala otchedwa 'Phosphate Binders'? Kapena mwaona kuti phosphate m'magazi mwanu ndi yokwera? Dzinali lingamveke lachilendo kwa inu. Koma musadandaule. Ili ndi mankhwala omwe nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a impso. Lero, tikambirana za izi m'njira yosavuta yomwe mungamvetse.

Mwachidule, kodi ma phosphate binders awa ndi chiyani?

Zosavuta kwambiri. Zomangira phosphate ndi mtundu wa mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwa phosphate m'thupi lanu. Phosphate ndi mchere womwe thupi lathu limafunikira. Koma monga china chilichonse, kuchuluka kwake kungayambitse mavuto. Pamenepo ndi pomwe dokotala adzakulemberani mankhwala awa.

Ngakhale kuti mankhwala enawa angagulidwe pa kauntala, simuyenera kuwagwiritsa ntchito popanda kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri.

N’chifukwa chiyani thupi lathu limafunika phosphate?

Phosphate ndi electrolyte m'thupi lathu. Mwachidule, ndi mchere wofunikira kuti thupi lathu ligwire ntchito. Taganizirani izi, phosphate imathandiza kulimbitsa mafupa ndi mano athu. Sikuti zokhazo, komanso phosphate ndi yofunikira pakupanga mphamvu m'maselo a thupi lathu, kupanga nembanemba ya maselo, komanso kupanga DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid), yomwe ili ndi chidziwitso cha majini athu.

Timapeza phosphate iyi kuchokera ku chakudya chomwe timadya ndi kumwa. Thupi la munthu wathanzi limalandira kuchuluka komwe likufuna kokha, ndipo zotsalazo zimatuluka mu mkodzo ndi ndowe. Koma pazifukwa zina, makamaka pamene impso sizikugwira ntchito bwino, thupi silingathe kutulutsa phosphate yowonjezera mwanjira imeneyi. Pamenepo ndi pamene phosphate imasonkhana m'magazi ndipo imayambitsa mavuto.

Ndani akufunikira chomangira cha phosphate ichi?

Kawirikawiri, dokotala amalemba mankhwala amenewa ngati kuchuluka kwa phosphate m'magazi mwanu kuli kwakukulu kuposa kwachibadwa. Matendawa amadziwika kuti hyperphosphatemia .

Vutoli limapezeka kwambiri mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a impso osatha (CKD) komanso omwe ali ndi vuto la impso ndipo akuchitidwa dialysis.

N’chifukwa chiyani mankhwalawa amaperekedwa kwa odwala dialysis?

Ndi zachilendo kuti phosphate idziunjikira m'magazi impso zikalephera kugwira ntchito. Pamene phosphate ikuwonjezeka, imayamba kukoka calcium m'mafupa. Pakapita nthawi, izi zimafooketsa mafupa ndikuwonjezera chiopsezo cha kusweka kwa mafupa. Zomangira za phosphate zimaperekedwa kwa odwala dialysis kuti apewe matenda okhudzana ndi mafupa.

Kodi phosphate yabwino kwambiri m'magazi ndi iti?

Mlingo wabwinobwino wa phosphate m'magazi mwa munthu wamkulu wathanzi ndi pakati pa 2.8 ndi 4.5 mamiligalamu pa decilita (mg/dL) . Kwa ana aang'ono, kuchuluka kumeneku ndi kwakukulu pang'ono, pakati pa 4.0 ndi 7.0 mg/dL .

Ndi zakudya ndi zakumwa ziti zomwe zili ndi phosphate yambiri?

Ngati muli ndi matenda a impso, muyenera kusamala kwambiri ndi zomwe mumadya ndi kumwa, chifukwa monga kumwa mankhwala, kuwongolera zakudya ndikofunikira kwambiri.

Kodi mankhwala otchedwa phosphate binder amagwira ntchito bwanji?

Mmene izi zimagwirira ntchito n’zodabwitsa. Tikamadya chakudya, phosphate yomwe ili m’chakudyacho imalowa m’matupi athu kudzera m’kati mwa matumbo ang’onoang’ono, omwe timawatcha kuti jejunum .

Mukatenga phosphate binder iyi mukadya, mankhwalawo amalowa m'mimba mwanu ndi "kulumikizana" ndi phosphate yowonjezera yomwe ili mu chakudya chanu. Ili ngati maginito. Ikamamatira, singalowe m'magazi mwanu. Kenako, phosphate yowonjezerayo imatuluka m'thupi mwanu mu ndowe zanu. Zosavuta, eti?

Mitundu ya ma phosphate binders ndi momwe mungawapezere?

Pali mitundu ingapo ya zomangira za phosphate. Kutengera ndi matenda anu, dokotala wanu adzasankha mtundu womwe ukukuyenererani.

• Calcium carbonate - (monga Tums®, Alka-Seltzer®)
• Sevelamer - (monga Renvela®, Renagel®)
• Lanthanum carbonate - (monga Fosrenol®)
• Calcium acetate - (monga PhosLo®, Phoslyra®)
• Sucroferric oxyhydroxide - (monga Velphoro®)

Ndi mtundu uti wabwino kwambiri?

Nthawi zambiri amapatsidwa mankhwala owonjezera okhala ndi calcium (monga calcium carbonate). Komabe, kafukufuku wina wapeza kuti pamene mankhwala owonjezera okhala ndi calcium awa atengedwa kwa nthawi yayitali, calcium yowonjezera imatha kusonkhana m'mitsempha yamagazi. Izi zimatchedwa vascular calcification . Izi zitha kuwonjezera chiopsezo cha magazi kuundana kapena sitiroko. Pachifukwa ichi, dokotala wanu nthawi zina angakulangizeni mankhwala owonjezera opanda calcium (monga Sevelamer).

Kodi ndiyenera kumwa bwanji mankhwalawa?

Ichi ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri. Kuti mankhwala awa agwire ntchito bwino, nthawi yomwe mumamwa ndi yofunika kwambiri. Tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu molondola.

• Uzani dokotala wanu za mankhwala ena aliwonse omwe mukumwa (kuphatikizapo mavitamini ndi mankhwala azitsamba), chifukwa mankhwala ena angagwirizane ndi awa.
• Kutengera mtundu wa mankhwala, njira yogwiritsira ntchito ingasiyane:
• Zina mwa izo zimafunika kutafunidwa ndi kumezedwa mphindi 10-15 musanadye .
• Zina mwa izo zimafunika kutafunidwa ndi kumezedwa mukangoyamba kudya .
• Zina mwa izo zimafunika kumezedwa zonse , ndi mkamwa woyamba ziwiri kapena zitatu za chakudya .
• Zina zimabwera ngati ufa. Ziyenera kusungunuka m'madzi ndi kumwedwa ndi zakumwa ziwiri kapena zitatu zoyambirira za chakudya .
• Zina mwa izo ziyenera kutafunidwa ndi kumezedwa nthawi yomweyo mutadya .

Kodi pali zotsatirapo zilizonse pa mankhwalawa?

Monga mankhwala ena aliwonse, mtundu uwu wa mankhwala ungayambitse zotsatirapo zazing'ono, koma si aliyense amene amalandira.

Ngati zizindikirozi zikukuvutitsani, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu. Akhoza kusintha mankhwala anu.

Kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati mukukumana ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa kwambiri, onetsetsani kuti mwadziwitsa dokotala wanu. Komanso, nthawi zina kuchuluka kwa phosphate m'magazi kungayambitse kuchepa kwa calcium m'thupi. Izi zimatchedwa hypocalcemia . Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi, funsani upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

• Kugwedezeka kwa minofu
• Mavuto okumbukira
• Mkwiyo wopanda chifukwa
• Kusamva bwino kwa milomo, lilime, zala, kapena mapazi
• Kugwidwa ndi khunyu
• Kusakhazikika kwa kugunda kwa mtima (Arrhythmia)

Mafunso oti mufunse dokotala wanu

Mukapita kukaonana ndi dokotala wanu wotsatira, kumbukirani mafunso awa. Kuwafunsa kungakuthandizeni kumvetsetsa bwino za matenda anu.

• "Ndi mtundu wanji wa phosphate binder womwe mukundipangira?"
• "Kodi zotsatirapo zake zingakhale zotani?"
• "Ndiyenera kumwa bwanji mankhwala awa? Musanadye kapena mutadya?"
• "Ndiyenera kumwa kangati patsiku?"
• "Ndiyenera kumwa mapiritsi angati pa chakudya chachikulu? Ndiyenera kumwa mapiritsi angati pa chakudya chokoma?"
• "Kodi pali mankhwala ena omwe ndiyenera kusiya kumwa ndikumwa mankhwalawa?"
• "Ndidzatenga mankhwala awa kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji?"
• "Ndi mayeso otani omwe akuchitidwa kuti aone ngati mankhwalawa akugwira ntchito?"
• "Kodi ndikufunika kuonana ndi katswiri wa zakudya?"