Mukadula chala chanu, kutuluka magazi kumasiya pakapita kanthawi, sichoncho? Kapena mukabowola bondo lanu mukusewera, magazi amaundana pamwamba pa bala ndikulitseka. Kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo kuti ndani amachita izi zodabwitsa? Izi kwenikweni ndi gawo la chitetezo chodabwitsa kwambiri m'thupi lathu. Ndi zomwe zimayambitsa maselo ang'onoang'ono kwambiri, koma ofunikira kwambiri m'magazi athu. Mwachipatala timatcha ma platelet, kapena ma platelet . Anthu ena amawatchanso kuti `(Thrombocytes)`. Chifukwa chake lero, tiyeni tikambirane za ngwazi zazing'ono izi.
Mwachidule, kodi ma platelet ndi chiyani?
Taganizirani ngati kachidutswa kakang'ono kamene kamapangidwa mwachibadwa m'thupi lanu. Ndicho chimene ma platelet ali. Si maselo athunthu kwenikweni, ndi zidutswa zazing'ono zomwe zimatuluka m'maselo akuluakulu otchedwa megakaryocytes mu mafupa athu. Ndi ang'onoang'ono kwambiri komanso opanda mtundu. Koma amagwira ntchito yambiri.
Ngati mutenga dontho la magazi anu, muli ma platelet ambirimbiri. Kuti matupi athu akhale athanzi, chiwerengero cha ma platelet amenewa chiyenera kukhala chofanana bwino.
- Kuchuluka kwa ma platelet m'magazi (Thrombocytopenia): Ngati mwavulala, kutuluka magazi sikungasiye ndipo mungatulutse magazi ambiri. Izi zitha kukhala zoopsa.
- Ngati ma platelet akuchulukira (Thrombocytosis): Izi zingayambitse magazi kuundana mosafunikira, zomwe zimatha kukhazikika m'mitsempha yamagazi. Izi zingayambitse matenda aakulu monga matenda a mtima kapena sitiroko.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti pokhapokha ngati pali chiwerengero choyenera cha ma platelet, kutuluka magazi kumatha kutha akavulala, komanso kupewa kupanga magazi oundana osafunikira.
Ntchito yaikulu ya ma platelet ndikuletsa kutuluka kwa magazi.
Ntchito yaikulu komanso yofunika kwambiri ya ma platelet ndikuletsa kutuluka magazi pamene mitsempha yathu imodzi ya magazi yawonongeka, kutanthauza bala. Timatcha njira iyi kuti ``Hemostasis``. Ichi ndi chinthu chomwe chimachitika mwanjira yachilendo kwambiri, m'magawo angapo. Tangoganizirani chitoliro chamadzi chomwe chili ndi dzenje. Ma platelet awa amagwira ntchito ngati pulasitala yomwe timayika kuti titseke.
Umu ndi momwe zimachitikira:
1. Kumatirira: Mtsempha wamagazi ukangodulidwa, ma platelet, omwe amayenda m'thupi lonse limodzi ndi magazi, amathamangira komwe kwawonongeka ndikumamatira kukhoma losweka. Zili ngati kuona dzenje ndikupita kukagwira.
2. Kugwira Ntchito: Ma platelet omangikawo amakhala "ogwira ntchito." Ndiko kuti, amasintha mawonekedwe. Amasintha kuchoka pa mawonekedwe ofanana ndi mbale kupita ku mawonekedwe ofanana ndi kangaude okhala ndi ulusi wotuluka. Miyendo iyi imatha kugwira makoma a bala ndipo ma platelet ena amatuluka bwino. Komanso, ma platelet omangikawa amatulutsa mankhwala. Mankhwalawa amatumiza chizindikiro kwa ma platelet ena, nati, "Pali vuto apa, bwerani mwachangu!"
3. Kusonkhanitsa:Chizindikiro chimenecho chikalandiridwa, ma platelet ena ambirimbiri amafika pamalopo ndikupanga gulu. Gulu ili limatseka bala kwakanthawi. Timatcha ichi kuti "Platelet Plug."
Izi zili ngati kudzaza matumba a dothi ndi dothi pamene damu likuphulika pamtsinje. Ndi yankho la kanthawi kochepa.
Kenako, pamene ma platelet awa akulumikizana, njira ina yovuta imayamba. Imatchedwa ``Coagulation Cascade.'' Mu izi, mapuloteni ena m'magazi (zinthu zoundana) amaphatikizana kupanga mesh yamphamvu yotchedwa fibrin . Mesh iyi ya fibrin imalimbitsanso ma platelet, ndikupanga magazi olimba komanso olimba. Pamenepo ndi pomwe kutuluka magazi kumasiya kwathunthu.
Kodi ma platelet awa ali kuti m'thupi lathu?
Ma platelet amapezeka makamaka m'malo atatu m'thupi lathu.
- Mafupa a Mphuno: Iyi ndi "fakitale" ya ma platelets. Maselo athu amagazi amapangidwa mu fupa la mphuno, lomwe lili mkati mwa mafupa athu. Ma platelets amagawidwa m'zidutswa zazing'ono ndi maselo akuluakulu otchedwa ``Megakaryocytes'' pano ndipo amatulutsidwa m'magazi.
- Magazi: Ma platelet akalowa m'magazi, amayenda m'thupi lonse kudzera m'mitsempha yamagazi. Chifukwa chakuti ndi opepuka, amakhala pafupi ndi makoma amitsempha yamagazi. Choncho ngati pali kuvulala, amatha kufika msanga pamalopo.
- Mphanga: Iyi ndi malo osungira ma platelet komanso "malo obwezeretsanso" ma platelet. Pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a ma platelet omwe amapangidwa m'thupi lathu amasungidwa ndi kusungidwa mu ndulu. Imachotsanso ndi kubwezeretsanso ma platelet akale komanso owonongeka.
Kodi munthu wathanzi ayenera kukhala ndi ma platelet angati m'magazi mwake?
Munthu wamkulu wathanzi amakhala ndi ma platelet pakati pa 150,000 ndi 450,000 pa microliter (dontho laling'ono kwambiri la magazi). Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti chiwerengerochi chikhale mkati mwa malire awa.
Moyo wa platelet ndi waufupi kwambiri. Platelet imawonongeka pakatha masiku 7 mpaka 10. Chifukwa chake, mafuta athu a m'mafupa ayenera kuwonjezera ma platelet atsopano nthawi zonse m'magazi. Iyi ndi njira yopitilira.
Kodi matenda akuluakulu okhudzana ndi ma platelet ndi ati?
Matenda ambiri okhudzana ndi ma platelet amatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: kuchuluka kwa ma platelet ochepa kapena kuchuluka kwa ma platelet ambiri.
| Matenda | Tanthauzo ndi zotsatira zosavuta |
|---|---|
| Kutupa kwa magazi (thrombocytopenia) | Uku ndi kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa ma platelet . Vutoli limatha kuchitika mukakhala ndi matenda monga dengue. Vutoli limachitika thupi likapanga ma platelet ochepa kapena ma platelet omwe amapangidwa amawonongeka mwachangu kwambiri. Chiwopsezo chachikulu apa ndi kutuluka magazi ambiri, ngakhale chifukwa cha kuvulala pang'ono. |
| Kuchuluka kwa magazi m'magazi (thrombocytosis) | Uku ndi kuwonjezeka kwa ma platelet . Vutoli limachitika pamene ma platelet ambiri amapangidwa chifukwa cha vuto la m'mafupa. Chiwopsezo chachikulu apa ndi kupangika kwa magazi osafunikira mkati mwa thupi. Ngati magazi oundana awa atseka mitsempha yamagazi yopita kumtima, ubongo, kapena mapapo, ikhoza kukhala pachiwopsezo. |
Kodi zizindikiro zosonyeza kuti pali vuto ndi ma platelet ndi ziti?
Ngati muli ndi kusalinganika kwa chiwerengero cha ma platelet m'thupi lanu, mutha kukumana ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi. Ngati mupitiliza kukhala ndi chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa izi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kukaonana ndi dokotala nthawi yomweyo .
| Chizindikiro | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Kutupa popanda chifukwa | Ngati mukumva mabala abuluu kapena ofiirira pathupi lanu osagunda chilichonse, nthawi zina madontho ang'onoang'ono ofiira (petechiae) angawonekerenso pansi pa khungu. |
| Kutuluka magazi m'mphuno ndi m'kamwa pafupipafupi | Ngati m'kamwa mwanu nthawi zambiri mumatuluka magazi mukamatsuka mano anu, kapena ngati mumatuluka magazi m'mphuno pafupipafupi. |
| Magazi mu ndowe kapena mkodzo | Chimbudzi chakuda kapena chamagazi, mkodzo wofiira kapena wapinki. |
| Kutuluka magazi ambiri m'mimba mwa akazi | Kutuluka magazi nthawi ya msambo kwa nthawi yayitali kuposa nthawi zonse kapena kolemera kuposa nthawi zonse. |
| Kutuluka magazi ambiri chifukwa cha kuvulala pang'ono | Ngakhale bala laling'ono kwambiri limatenga nthawi yayitali kuti magazi asiye kutuluka. |
| Kusanza, kutupa m'miyendo | Chizindikiro chomwe chingachitike pamene ma platelet akuwonjezeka. Izi zitha kuchitika pamene magazi amaundana akulepheretsa kuyenda kwa magazi. |
| Mutu waukulu, chizungulire, kufooka | Izi ndi zizindikiro zazikulu zomwe zingachitike chifukwa cha magazi kuundana omwe amapangidwa m'mitsempha yopereka magazi ku ubongo chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ma platelet. |
Kodi mumayesa bwanji thanzi la ma platelet?
Ngati dokotala wanu ali ndi kukayikira kulikonse pa ma platelet anu, akhoza kuchita mayeso angapo kuti atsimikizire zimenezo.
- Kuchuluka kwa Magazi Okwanira (CBC): Ku Sri Lanka, nthawi zambiri timatcha izi kuti Kuchuluka kwa Magazi Okwanira (FBC). Izi zimaphatikizapo kutenga chitsanzo cha magazi anu ndikuyesa chiwerengero chenicheni cha maselo ofiira, maselo oyera, ndi ma platelet omwe ali mmenemo.
- Kupaka Magazi Pambali (PBS): Izi zimaphatikizapo kupaka magazi pang'ono pa galasi loonera ndikuyang'ana pansi pa maikulosikopu. Izi zimathandiza kuti ma platelet azioneka mu mawonekedwe ndi kukula kosayenera.
- Mayeso Otsekereza Magazi: Mayeso omwe amafufuza momwe magazi anu amatsekereza mofulumira. Izi zingapereke chithunzi cha ntchito ya ma platelet anu.
- Kufufuza Mafupa a M'mafupa: Nthawi zina, chitsanzo chaching'ono cha mafuta a m'mafupa chimatengedwa kuchokera ku fupa la m'chiuno pansi pa mankhwala oletsa ululu kuti aone ngati pali mavuto ndi mafuta a m'mafupa, komwe ma platelet amapangidwa.
Kodi mankhwala otani a matenda otere ndi otani?
Chithandizo chimadalira ngati kuchuluka kwa ma platelet m'magazi anu kuli kotsika kapena kokwera, komanso chifukwa chake.
Chofunika kwambiri: Ndi bwino kudziwa za mankhwala otsatirawa, koma musanayambe kapena kusiya mankhwala aliwonse popanda upangiri wa dokotala.
- Mankhwala: Ngati muli ndi ma platelet ambiri, mungapatsidwe mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kupanga kwawo. Ngati kuchuluka kwa ma platelet ochepa kumachitika chifukwa cha vuto la chitetezo chamthupi, mankhwala ena angapatsidwe kuti athetse vutoli.
- Aspirin: Kuti achepetse chiopsezo cha magazi kuundana mwa anthu omwe ali ndi ma platelet ambiri, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kumwa aspirin yochepa tsiku lililonse.
- Kuika Ma platelet: Ngati kuchuluka kwa ma platelet kuli kochepa kwambiri ndipo pali chiopsezo chachikulu cha kutuluka magazi, ma platelet otengedwa kwa munthu wathanzi amaperekedwa ku thupi kudzera m'magazi.
- Kuchotsa splenectomy: Nthawi zina, ndulu imagwira ndikuwononga ma platelet ambiri. Pazochitika zotere, ngati njira zina sizikuyenda bwino, opaleshoni ingafunike kuti ichotse nduluyo.
Kodi tingatani kuti ma platelet akhale athanzi?
Ngati muli kale ndi vuto lokhudzana ndi ma platelet, ndikofunikira kutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu molondola. Kuphatikiza apo, zinthuzi nthawi zambiri zimathandiza kuti ma platelet athu akhale athanzi.
- Chepetsani kumwa mowa. Kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso kungakhudze ntchito ya mafuta m'mafupa ndi kuchepetsa kupanga kwa ma platelet m'magazi.
- Pewani kusuta fodya. Kusuta fodya kungawononge mitsempha yamagazi ndikuwonjezera kagwiridwe ka ma platelet kuti azigwirana pamodzi.
- Pewani mankhwala oopsa. Kukhudzana ndi mankhwala ena, monga mankhwala ophera tizilombo, kungawononge mafupa.
- Dzitetezeni ku kuvulala. Ngati kuchuluka kwa ma platelet m'magazi anu kuli kochepa, muyenera kusamala kwambiri kuti mudziteteze ku kugwa ndi kuvulala.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Ma platelets ndi maselo ang'onoang'ono m'magazi athu omwe amasiya kutuluka magazi tikavulala.
- Kuchepa kwa chiwerengero cha ma platelet (thrombocytopenia) ndi kuwonjezeka kwa chiwerengero cha ma platelet (thrombocytosis) ndi mavuto.
- Musanyalanyaze zizindikiro monga kuvulala kosadziŵika bwino, kutuluka magazi m'mphuno pafupipafupi, kapena kutuluka magazi m'kamwa. Izi zitha kukhala zizindikiro za vuto la ma platelet.
- Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro ngati izi, musaganize kuti ndi zoona, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo kuti akupatseni malangizo.
- Musagwiritse ntchito mankhwala aliwonse omwe mukumva ngati mukufuna popanda upangiri wa dokotala.
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