Kodi mudamvapo za opaleshoni yochepetsa bere, komwe bere limodzi kapena onse awiri amachotsedwa asanakule, kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi khansa ya m'mawere? Ngakhale izi zingamveke zatsopano komanso zoopsa pang'ono kwa inu, kwenikweni ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yachipatala yomwe ingapulumutse moyo wanu kwa amayi ena omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga khansa ya m'mawere. Ichi ndi chisankho chaumwini kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, lero tikambirana za izi, zomwe ndi 'Prophylactic Mastectomy', m'njira yosavuta yomwe mungamvetse.
Mwachidule, kodi Prophylactic Mastectomy ndi chiyani?
Ngakhale dzinali lingamveke lovuta, lingaliro lake ndi losavuta. Kuchotsa bere lathanzi kapena mabere onse awiri khansa isanayambe, ndi cholinga chochepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere.
Mwachidule, iyi ndi njira yopewera khansa. Anthu ena amaitchanso njira yopewera khansa kapena njira yochepetsera chiopsezo. Izi zimachitika kuti achepetse chiopsezo chotenga khansa mtsogolo, m'malo moichiza ngati ilipo kale.
Ndani ayenera kuganizira za opaleshoni iyi? Kodi aliyense akufunikira opaleshoniyi?
Ayi, ayi ndithu. Opaleshoni iyi si yoyenera aliyense. Munthu amene ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu sayenera kuganizira za opaleshoni yamtunduwu. Dokotala wanu angakupatseni njira iyi pokhapokha ngati zatsimikizika kuti muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga khansa ya m'mawere.
Chabwino, tiyeni tiwone zomwe zimayambitsa chiopsezo chachikulu.
- Kukhala ndi mbiri yabwino ya khansa m'banja mwanu: Ngati wachibale wanu wapafupi (monga amayi anu, mlongo wanu, kapena mwana wanu wamkazi) wakhala ndi khansa ya m'mawere, chiopsezo chanu chimawonjezeka kwambiri. Izi ndi zoona makamaka ngati munthuyo adadwala khansa asanakwanitse zaka 50 .
- Kukhala ndi mbiri ya khansa: Tangoganizani kuti muli kale ndi khansa m'bere limodzi, ndipo muyenera kuchitidwa opaleshoni ya mastectomy kuti muchotse bere limenelo ngati chithandizo. Panthawiyo, anthu ena amasankha kuchotsanso bere lina lathanzi, kuti achepetse chiopsezo chokhala ndi khansa kumbali imeneyo mtsogolo. Komabe, izi sizikhudza momwe khansa ilili kapena mankhwala ena owonjezera omwe angapatsidwe.
- Kuyesa Kwabwino kwa Majini: Kusintha kapena kusintha kwa majini ena m'thupi lathu kumatha kuwonjezera chiopsezo chotenga khansa. BRCA1 ndi BRCA2 ndi majini awiri akuluakulu. Ngati mayeso a majini atsimikizira kuti muli ndi chimodzi mwa kusintha kwa majini kumeneku, chiopsezo chanu chotenga khansa ya m'mawere chimakhala chachikulu kwambiri. Pachifukwa chotere, mungaganizire za opaleshoni iyi.
- Chithandizo cha radiation m'mbuyomu: Ngati mudapatsidwa chithandizo cha radiation pachifuwa pazifukwa zilizonse, makamaka pakati pa zaka 10 ndi 30 (khansa ina, monga Hodgkin's lymphoma), chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi khansa ya m'mawere mtsogolomu chingawonjezeke.
Ichi ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri. Chisankho ichi sichinthu chomwe muyenera kupanga nokha. Muyenera kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu, dokotala wa opaleshoni, ndi banja lanu mosamala kwambiri ndikumvetsetsa zabwino ndi zoyipa zonse musanapange chisankho.
Kodi opaleshoni imeneyi imachepetsa bwanji chiopsezo?
Funso lofunika kwambiri ndi ili. Inde, chitetezo cha opaleshoniyi ndi chachikulu kwambiri kwa iwo omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu. Kafukufuku wapeza kuti:
- Opaleshoni iyi ingachepetse chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere mwa akazi omwe ali ndi kusintha kwa majini a BRCA1 kapena BRCA2 ndi pafupifupi 95% , zomwe zikutanthauza kuti chiopsezocho chimatha pafupifupi kwathunthu.
- Azimayi omwe ali ndi mbiri yakale ya khansa m'banja mwawo akhoza kuchepetsa chiopsezo chawo ndi pafupifupi 90% .
Ichi ndi chiwerengero chachikulu kwambiri, ndichifukwa chake ndi njira yabwino kwa iwo omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu.
Kodi pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya opaleshoni iyi?
Inde, pali njira zosiyanasiyana zochitira opaleshoniyi kutengera zosowa za wodwalayo, mtundu wa thupi lake, komanso malangizo a dokotala. Tiyeni timvetse bwino kuchokera pa tebulo ili.
| Mtundu wa opaleshoni | Kufotokozera kosavuta |
|---|---|
| Kuchotsa Mabere Pamodzi | Izi zimaphatikizapo kuchotsa mabere onse awiri. Njira imeneyi nthawi zambiri imasankhidwa ndi anthu omwe ali ndi majini omwe ali ndi chiopsezo. |
| Kuchotsa Mastectomy ya Contralateral (motsutsana) | Izi zimatchedwa mastectomy, komwe kumachitika munthu amene ali ndi khansa m'bere limodzi amachotsa bere lina lathanzi nthawi yomweyo bere limenelo limachotsedwa. |
| Kuchotsa Khungu ndi Mastectomy Yothandiza Kuteteza Khungu | Apa, nipple ndi malo amdima ozungulira (areola) zimachotsedwa, ndipo minofu ya m'mawere yokha yomwe ili mkati imachotsedwa kudzera mu kabowo kakang'ono kameneko. Khungu lalikulu la m'mawere limatsala. |
| Kuchotsa Mastectomy Yoteteza Malungo | Mu njira iyi, minofu ya m'mawere yokha ndi yomwe imachotsedwa, zomwe zimasiya nipple ndi malo ozungulira. |
| Kuchotsa Mastectomy ndi Kukonzanso | Opaleshoni yokonzanso bere imachitika nthawi imodzi kapena pambuyo pa opaleshoni ya mastectomy. Izi zitha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito silicone implants kapena minofu yotengedwa kuchokera ku gawo lina la thupi (monga mimba). |
Kodi chimachitika n’chiyani opaleshoni isanachitike komanso ikachitika?
Dokotala wanu adzakupatsani malangizo onse ofunikira musanachite opaleshoni. Pa tsiku la opaleshoni, mudzavala diresi la kuchipatala ndipo mudzalumikizidwa ndi chingwe cha IV ku mkono wanu. Izi zidzakupangitsani kuti mugwiritse ntchito mankhwala oletsa ululu, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti simudzamva chilichonse panthawi ya opaleshoni ndipo mudzagona tulo tofa nato.
Kenako amamutengera ku chipinda chochitira opaleshoni, ndipo dokotala wa opaleshoniyo akuyamba opaleshoniyo.
1. Choyamba, kuduladula kumachitidwa pamalo oyenera pa bere.
2. Kenako, minofu ya m'mawere imalekanitsidwa mosamala ndi khungu ndi minofu ya pachifuwa.
3. Minofu ya bere yochotsedwayo yachotsedwa kwathunthu. Ngati mukufuna kukonzanso bere, sitepe imeneyo itha kuyamba panthawiyi.
4. Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, machubu angapo otchedwa ma drain amayikidwa kuti atulutse madzi ochulukirapo (magazi, madzi, ndi zina zotero) omwe amasonkhana mkati mwa bala. Izi zimachotsedwa patatha masiku ochepa.
5. Pomaliza, chodulidwacho chimasokedwa ndi kuphimbidwa bwino ndi bandeji.
Opaleshoni imeneyi nthawi zambiri imatenga maola awiri kapena atatu, koma ngati kukonzanso bere kukuchitikanso nthawi yomweyo, kungatenge nthawi yayitali.
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pambuyo pa opaleshoni? Zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti munthu achire?
Muyenera kukhala m'chipatala kwa pafupifupi tsiku limodzi mutachita opaleshoni. Nthawi ino ingasiyane malinga ndi thanzi lanu komanso ngati munachitidwa opaleshoni yokonzanso ziwalo zanu.
Pa nthawi yomwe mukuchira, gulu lachipatala lidzakulangizani masewera olimbitsa thupi osavuta kuti akuthandizeni kuchepetsa kuuma ndi kulimba kwa manja ndi mapewa anu.Mudzaphunzitsidwa. Maseŵerowa amachepetsanso kupangika kwa minofu ya zipsera. Musanachoke kuchipatala, mudzafotokozedwa zonse, monga momwe mungasamalire bala kunyumba komanso momwe mungamwere mankhwala.
Nthawi Yobwezeretsa:
- Kawirikawiri zimatenga milungu itatu kapena inayi kuti munthu achiritsidwe koyamba .
- Ngati mwachitidwa opaleshoni yokonzanso bere, zingatenge milungu 8 kuti muchiritsidwe.
- Zingatenge miyezi ingapo kuti muyambenso kuchita zinthu zonse zomwe mumakonda, makamaka zinthu monga kunyamula zolemera.
Kodi zoopsa ndi zovuta za opaleshoni iyi ndi ziti?
Monga opaleshoni iliyonse, opaleshoni iyi ili ndi zoopsa zina.
- Kutuluka magazi
- Matenda
- Kutaya kumva m'mawere ndi m'chuuno
Kuwonjezera pa zoopsa izi zakuthupi, palinso chinthu china chofunikira kuganizira: momwe zinthu zimakhudzira maganizo .
Mungakhale ndi nkhawa komanso chisoni ndi thupi lanu mutachita opaleshoni. Kutaya bere limodzi kapena onse awiri kungakhale kovuta m'maganizo. Izi ndi zachilendo. Musamathane ndi malingaliro amenewa nokha. Zingakhale zothandiza kwambiri kulankhula ndi dokotala wa matenda amisala kapena mlangizi yemwe angakuthandizeni kukambirana za izi ndikukuthandizani kuti muzolowere.
Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti ndikachita opaleshoni?
Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi mutapita kunyumba kuchokera ku opaleshoni, muyenera kuyimbira dokotala nthawi yomweyo .
- Ngati mukuyamba kutentha thupi .
- Ngati bala likutuluka magazi .
- Ngati ululu sutha patatha milungu ingapo kapena ngati ukukulirakulira.
- Ngati pali kufiira ndi kutupa kuzungulira bala.
- Ngati mukumva kutentha pafupi ndi chotupacho.
Izi zitha kukhala zizindikiro za matenda, choncho ndikofunikira kwambiri kuzinena mwachangu.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Kuchotsa Mastectomy si opaleshoni ya aliyense. Imachitika kwa anthu okhawo omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga khansa ya m'mawere.
- Ngati opaleshoniyi yachitidwa pa munthu woyenera, ingachepetse chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere ndi 90-95%.
- Pali njira zosiyanasiyana zochitira opaleshoniyi, ndipo palinso njira yokonzanso mawere nthawi imodzi kapena pambuyo pa opaleshoni ya mastectomy.
- Zimatenga nthawi kuti munthu achire mwakuthupi komanso m'maganizo. Ndizachibadwa kumva chisoni komanso nkhawa pamene thupi lanu likusintha. Musazengereze kupempha thandizo kwa katswiri wa zamaganizo.
- Ichi ndi chisankho chachikulu komanso chaumwini chomwe chidzakhudza moyo wanu. Chifukwa chake, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu mosamala za izi, mvetsetsani zabwino ndi zoyipa zonse, ndipo pangani chisankho choyenera kwa inu.
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