Kodi wokondedwa wanu ali ndi zizindikiro zachilendozi? Kodi n'kovuta kulankhula kapena kumeza? Tiyeni tiphunzire za (Pseudobulbar Palsy)!

Kodi mwaonapo kuti nthawi zina okondedwa athu amayamba kuseka popanda chifukwa, kapena kuyamba kulira popanda chisoni? Kapena amalankhula mawu onyodola akamalankhula, kapena amavutika kumeza chakudya? Ngati muli ndi chimodzi mwa zinthuzi pamodzi, mwina chifukwa cha matenda otchedwa 'Pseudobulbar Palsy' omwe tikambirane lero. Izi si matenda osiyana, koma zizindikiro zoyamba chifukwa cha matenda ena amitsempha. Ndiye tiyeni tikambirane za izi mwatsatanetsatane?

Kodi Pseudobulbar Palsy ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, Pseudobulbar Palsy ndi gulu la zizindikiro za mitsempha zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa gawo linalake la ubongo wathu lotchedwa corticobulbar tract. Njira iyi ya corticobulbar imathandiza kulamulira minofu ya mutu ndi nkhope yathu. Izi zikawonongeka, mavuto atatu akuluakulu amayamba:

• Kuvuta kulankhula, malinga ndi madokotala timatcha izi kuti 'dysarthria' .
• Kuvuta kumeza chakudya kapena zakumwa kumatchedwa dysphagia .
• Kulephera kulamulira malingaliro a munthu, monga kuseka mwadzidzidzi kapena kulira, kumatchedwa ``pseudobulbar affection.''

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti uwu si matenda amodzi okha, koma vuto lomwe limabwera chifukwa cha matenda ena amitsempha kapena matenda a mitsempha yamagazi. Nthawi zina madokotala amatchanso kuti 'supranuclear bulbar palsy'.

Kodi zizindikiro za vutoli ndi ziti?

Monga tanenera kale, zizindikiro zitatu zazikulu ndi kuvutika kulankhula, kuvutika kumeza, komanso kulephera kulamulira malingaliro. Komabe, zizindikiro zina zingaonekenso, monga:

• Kutulutsa mate kapena kutulutsa malovu ambiri: Nthawi zina malovu amatha kutuluka mkamwa popanda inu kuzindikira.
• Kusintha kwa kalankhulidwe ndi kamvekedwe: Kalankhulidwe kanga kasakhale komveka bwino. Zingamveke ngati mukulankhula kudzera m'mphuno mwanu (kamvekedwe ka mphuno mopitirira muyeso).
• Kufooka kapena kufooka kwa lilime: Izi zimatchedwa `glossoplegia`. Izi zingapangitse kuti zikhale zovuta kulankhula ndi kutafuna chakudya.
• Kufooka kwa minofu ya nkhope: Mbali imodzi kapena zonse ziwiri za nkhope zimatha kukhala zopanda moyo.
• Kuvuta kutafuna chakudya: Popeza simungathe kutafuna chakudya bwino, zimakhala zovuta kumeza.
• Kuseka kapena kulira kosalamulirika kapena kosayenera: Tangoganizani kulira mwadzidzidzi popanda chifukwa chomveka, kapena kuseka mokweza pa chinthu chaching'ono, osatha kuchiletsa. Izi zimatchedwa ``pseudobulbar affect.''
• Kuuma kapena kulimba kwa minofu ya nsagwada: Izi zimatchedwanso `trismus`. Zingakhale zovuta kutsegula ndi kutseka pakamwa panu.
• Kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu ya nkhope: Mwachitsanzo, kugwedezeka kwa nsagwada kungachitike.

Komanso zanenedwa kuti pafupifupi 85% ya ana omwe ali ndi Pseudobulbar Palsy amatha kukhala ndi matenda monga kulephera kwa maganizo ndi khunyu .

Pamodzi ndi zizindikiro izi, zizindikiro zina zingawonekerenso kutengera matenda omwe amayambitsa pseudobulbar palsy.

N’chifukwa chiyani izi zikuchitika? Kodi zifukwa zake ndi ziti?

Chifukwa chachikulu cha Pseudobulbar Palsy ndi kuwonongeka kwa mbali zonse ziwiri za corticobulbar tract mu ubongo wathu. Ntchito ya tract iyi ndikulamulira minofu ya mutu ndi nkhope. Gawoli limaperekanso chithandizo ku mitsempha ya m'khosi yomwe imapereka mauthenga ofunikira ku minofu iyi.

Kotero, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zingawononge "corticobulbar tract" iyi. Izi ndi izi:

• Kuvulala kwakukulu kumutu (kuvulala koopsa muubongo).
• Zotupa za mu ubongo .
• Kutupa ndi matenda omwe amakhudza ubongo.
• Matenda amitsempha osatha .
• Matenda okhudzana ndi mitsempha yamagazi ya ubongo, mwachitsanzo "stroke" ndi "matenda amitsempha yamagazi".

Matenda ena amitsempha omwe nthawi zambiri amayambitsa pseudobulbar palsy ndi awa:

• Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
• Matenda a Parkinson .
• Matenda a supranuclear omwe akupita patsogolo.
• Matenda a sclerosis ambiri (`Multiple sclerosis - MS`).

Kodi mumazindikira bwanji izi?

Madokotala nthawi zambiri amazindikira matenda a Pseudobulbar Palsy kutengera zizindikiro zanu. Chofunika apa ndikupeza chomwe chikuyambitsa matendawa. Mwina mukudziwa kale za matendawa, kapena mungafunike kupeza china chatsopano.

Dokotala adzakufunsani za zizindikiro zanu, nthawi yomwe zinayamba, komanso mbiri yanu yonse yachipatala, monga ngati munakhalapo ndi vuto linalake monga sitiroko. Kenako adzakuyezani thupi ndi kukuyezani ubongo .

Popeza pali matenda angapo omwe angayambitse pseudobulbar palsy, dokotala wanu angakulangizeninso mayeso osiyanasiyana. Ena mwa awa ndi awa:

• Kuyezetsa magazi .
• Kupopera kwa msana kwa madzi a m'mitsempha (kusanthula kwa CSF).
• Mayeso ojambulira zithunzi, monga MRI scan ya muubongo .
• Mayeso a `EEG` (`EEG - electroencephalogram`), omwe amayesa ntchito yamagetsi ya ubongo.
• Mayeso a `Evoked Potential`(`Mayeso othekera oyambitsidwa`).
• Kuyesa kulankhula ndi kuzindikira .

Mayeso awa atithandiza kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli.

Kodi imachiritsidwa bwanji?

Palibe chithandizo chachindunji cha Pseudobulbar Palsy. M'malo mwake, gulu lanu lachipatala lidzakulangizani njira zosiyanasiyana zochizira zizindikiro za matendawa. Kuphatikiza apo, vuto lomwe limayambitsa matendawa lingafunike kuchiritsidwa.

Pachifukwa ichi, mudzafunika thandizo la gulu la madokotala lopangidwa ndi akatswiri osiyanasiyana. Ena mwa iwo ndi awa:

• Dokotala wa banja lanu (`Dokotala wa chisamaliro chachikulu`).
• Akatswiri a za ubongo.
• Akatswiri a matenda a chilankhulo.
• Akatswiri ochiritsa matenda a kupuma.
• Akatswiri a zamaganizo kapena akatswiri a zamaganizo.
• Ogwira ntchito zachitukuko.
• Akatswiri a mankhwala.

Chithandizo cha vuto la kumeza movutikira (Dysphagia)

Pali njira zosiyanasiyana zochiritsira kutengera kuopsa kwa vuto la kumeza. Zina mwa njirazi ndi izi:

• Kusintha malo odyera, kusintha ziwiya zodyera, ndi kusintha kusinthasintha kwa chakudya. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kuphwanya chakudya bwino ndikuchipangitsa kukhala chamadzimadzi kuti chikhale chosavuta kumeza.
• Masewero olimbitsa minofu omwe amathandiza kumeza (`Kumeza minofu yophunzitsa`).
• Physiotherapy, monga kusonkhezera magetsi, maginito kapena kutentha.
• Mankhwala, mwachitsanzo, mankhwala monga `nifedipine` ndi `metoclopramide`.

Kumbukirani, ngati simungathe kudya kapena kumwa bwino, kapena ngati muli pachiopsezo chotsamwa, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti mudyetsedwe kudzera mu chubu ('chubu chodyetsera') chomwe chimayikidwa mwachindunji m'mphuno kapena m'mimba mwanu .

Chithandizo cha mavuto olankhula

Ngati mukuvutika kulankhula, chithandizo cha kulankhula chingakhale chothandiza kwambiri. Katswiri wothandiza kulankhula saphunzitsa inu nokha, komanso banja lanu momwe mungalankhulire bwino nanu.

Pa nthawi ya maphunziro a kulankhula, mungaphunzire zinthu monga:

• Maseŵero olimbitsa lilime, milomo, ndi minofu ya nsagwada (ngati n'kotheka).
• Njira zolankhulira momveka bwino, monga kuchepetsa liwiro lanu lolankhula komanso kugwiritsa ntchito minofu inayake mwadala kuti mutchule mawu ndi mawu.
• Njira zofotokozera malingaliro popanda mawu, monga kulankhula ndi manja kapena kulemba.

Chithandizo cha kuonetsa malingaliro osalamulirika (`Pseudobulbar Affect - PBA`)

Mankhwala oletsa ``Pseudobulbar Affect (PBA)'', vuto lomwe mumaseka ndi kulira mosalekezaZingathandize. Dokotala wanu angakulembereni mankhwala monga:

• Dextromethorphan/quinidine sulfate (Nuedexta®): Bungwe la U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) lavomereza mankhwalawa ngati mankhwala oyamba opangidwa makamaka kuti athandize PBA. Ali ndi mankhwala a chifuwa komanso mlingo wochepa wa mankhwala omwe kale ankagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a mtima.
• Mankhwala Oletsa Kuvutika Maganizo : Mankhwala monga tricyclic antidepressants, SSRIs (Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors), ndi SNRIs (Serotonin ndi norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors) angathandizenso kuchepetsa zizindikiro za PBA.

Kodi vutoli lidzakhala bwanji? Kodi lingachiritsidwe?

Kuyezetsa kwa munthu amene ali ndi pseudobulbar palsy kumatsimikiziridwa makamaka ndi matenda omwe ali mkati mwake.

Tangoganizirani, ngati munali ndi vutoli chifukwa cha "stroke" kapena "kuvulala kwa ubongo koopsa", pali kuthekera kuti ntchito ya mitsempha idzabwerera pang'onopang'ono kukhala yachibadwa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, zizindikiro za pseudobulbar palsy zitha kuchepa pang'onopang'ono.

Komabe, ngati vutoli layamba chifukwa cha matenda osatha monga multiple sclerosis (MS), matenda a Parkinson, ndi ALS, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kuyembekezera kuti lichiritsidwe.

Gulu lanu lachipatala lidzatha kukupatsani lingaliro lomveka bwino la zomwe zidzachitike mtsogolo mwa vuto lanu.

Ndi mavuto ena ati omwe angayambitse izi?

Matenda a pseudobulbar angayambitse mavuto monga:

• Chibayo cha pakamwa: Chifukwa minofu ya lilime ndi pakamwa ndi yovuta kuilamulira, chakudya kapena chakumwa chochepa chingalowe m'mapapo, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda otchedwa chibayo cha pakamwa. Izi zitha kukhala zoopsa.
• Kusadya bwino ndi kutaya madzi m'thupi: Ngati dysphagia ndi yoopsa, kusowa zakudya m'thupi komanso kutaya madzi m'thupi kungachitike chifukwa cholephera kudya ndi kumwa bwino. Pa milandu yoopsa, pangafunike njira yodyetsera mwana.
• Matenda amisala: Matenda a Pseudobulbar palsy angakhudze kwambiri moyo wanu watsiku ndi tsiku. Mutha kudzipatula chifukwa cha zinthu monga kuvutika kulankhula komanso kukwiya mopitirira muyeso. Izi zingayambitse mavuto amisala monga kuvutika maganizo ndi nkhawa .

Kodi Pseudobulbar Palsy ndi yoopsa?

Matenda a Pseudobulbar si oopsa mwachindunji. Komabe, matenda omwe amachititsa matendawa (monga kufooka kwa ziwalo )`, `ALS`) ikhoza kupha. Komanso, mavuto monga `aspiration pneumonia` akhoza kukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu ngati sakuthandizidwa bwino.

Kodi pali njira yopewera izi?

Popeza pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zingayambitse pseudobulbar palsy, palibe njira yodziwikiratu yopewera izi. Komabe, kutsatira zizolowezi zaumoyo zomwe zingalepheretse zinthu zoopsa monga "kupuwala" kungakhale kothandiza mwanjira ina.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati muli ndi Pseudobulbar Palsy, muyenera kukumana ndi gulu lanu lachipatala nthawi zonse kuti muwonetsetse kuti dongosolo lanu la chithandizo likugwira ntchito bwino.

Matendawa angakhudze kwambiri moyo wanu watsiku ndi tsiku, ndipo mungamve ngati mwatopa kwambiri. Nthawi ngati zimenezi , musazengereze kupempha thandizo kwa okondedwa anu, komanso kwa mlangizi wa zaumoyo wamaganizo . Kumbukirani kuti gulu lanu lachipatala limakhala nanu nthawi zonse kuti mupeze njira yochizira yomwe ikuyenererani.

Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba

Chabwino, tiyeni tikumbukire izi ngati chidule cha Pseudobulbar Palsy yomwe tidakambirana lero:

• Iyi si matenda osiyana, koma ndi mndandanda wa zizindikiro zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa gawo linalake la ubongo.
• Zizindikiro zazikulu ndi kuvutika kulankhula, kuvutika kumeza, komanso kuseka kapena kulira mosalamulirika.
• Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndi matenda amitsempha monga kufooka kwa thupi, matenda a Parkinson, MS, kapena kuvulala mutu .
• Chithandizochi cholinga chake ndi kuchiza vuto lomwe limayambitsa vutoli komanso kuchepetsa zizindikiro zake. Kuchiza ndi kulankhula, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pomeza, ndi mankhwala kungathandize pa izi.
• Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuzindikira zizindikiro mwachangu ndikupempha upangiri kwa dokotala.
• Chikondi chanu, chithandizo chanu, ndi kumvetsetsa kwanu n’zofunika kwambiri kwa munthu amene ali ndi vutoli.

Ngati inu kapena munthu wina wapafupi nanu akukumana ndi zizindikiro izi, chonde pitani kwa dokotala kuti akupatseni upangiri. Ndicho chinthu chabwino kwambiri chomwe mungachite.

Matenda a Pseudobulbar, matenda a ubongo, mavuto olankhula, mavuto omeza, matenda a mitsempha, kulamulira maganizo, PBA