Tiyeni tiphunzire mwachidule za Coronary Revascularization (mankhwala omwe amabwezeretsa kuyenda kwa magazi mumtima).

Mwina mwakumanapo ndi kusapeza bwino komanso kupweteka pachifuwa komwe kumabwera chifukwa chosalandira magazi okwanira mumtima mwanu. Mwina munaopanso matenda a mtima. Chifukwa chachikulu cha izi ndi kutsekeka kwa mitsempha ya mtima yomwe imapereka magazi mumtima. Mwamwayi, masiku ano pali mankhwala apamwamba omwe angatsegulenso mitsempha yamagazi yotsekedwayi ndikulola magazi kuyenda bwino mumtima. Lero, tikulankhula za mankhwala awa omwe angatsitsimutse mtima.

Kodi 'Coronary Revascularization' ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, iyi ndi njira yochiritsira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kubwezeretsa kuyenda kwa magazi mu minofu ya mtima wanu pamene simukupeza magazi omwe amafunikira. Matendawa amatchedwa "Ischemia". Mankhwalawa angathandize kupewa matenda a mtima akachitika, komanso kwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi matendawo.

Tikukamba makamaka za njira ziwiri zochiritsira pansipa:

• Kuchiza Mitsempha ya M'mitsempha ya M'magazi (PCI): Iyi si opaleshoni. Ndi njira yomwe chubu chopyapyala chimalowetsedwa mu mtsempha wamagazi ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito kukulitsa malo otsekeka kuchokera mkati, kubwezeretsa kuyenda kwa magazi. Anthu ambiri amadziwa izi ngati 'kupangitsa kuti magazi azituluka'.
• Kupachikidwa kwa Mitsempha ya Mtima (CABG): Iyi ndi opaleshoni yomwe imapanga 'njira yodutsa' yatsopano, kapena njira yolowera m'mbali, kuti magazi aziyenda mozungulira mtsempha wotsekeka mumtima.

N’chifukwa chiyani mankhwala amenewa amagwiritsidwa ntchito?

Pamene madzi otayira m'mitsempha ya sinki yathu ya kukhitchini amadzaza ndi mafuta ndi dothi pakapita nthawi, mafuta onunkhira amayamba kusonkhana m'mitsempha yamagazi ya mtima wathu. Timatcha izi kuti plaque . Umu ndi momwe plaque imasonkhana mkati mwa mitsempha yamagazi ndikuyichepetsa, yomwe imatchedwa ``Atherosclerosis.`` Ichi ndi chizindikiro chachikulu cha matenda a mitsempha yamtima.

Pakapita nthawi, magazi amenewa amatha kuchepa kwambiri m'mitsempha yamagazi. Nthawi zina, ngati magazi amodzi mwa magaziwa aphulika, magazi amaundana ndipo amatsekereza mitsempha yonse yamagazi. Izi zimapangitsa kuti gawo la mtima lisamapeze magazi okwanira, ndipo maselo omwe ali m'magaziwo amayamba kufa. Izi zimatchedwa matenda a mtima .

Mankhwalawa ndi ofunikira pa matenda aliwonse a mtima omwe ali m'gulu la ``Acute Coronary Syndrome''. Mwachitsanzo:

• Matenda amtima
• Angina yokhazikika - kupweteka pachifuwa komwe kumachepa ndi kupuma ndipo kumawonjezeka ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi
• Angina wosakhazikika - kupweteka pachifuwa kosayembekezereka komwe kumachitika ngakhale munthu atapuma

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani musanalandire chithandizo?

Madokotala asanalandire chithandizo chamtunduwu, adzayesa mayeso angapo kuti aone bwino vuto lanu ndikusankha chithandizo chomwe chili choyenera kwa inu. Ena mwa iwo ndi awa:

• ECG (Electrocardiogram): Kuyesa momwe magetsi a mtima amagwirira ntchito.
• Echocardiogram: Kujambula mtima.
• Kuyeza kwa Catheterization ya Mtima (Angiogram): Njira yomwe utoto umalowetsedwa m'mitsempha yamagazi ya mtima ndipo X-ray imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyang'ana ngati pali kutsekeka.
• X-ray Angiography kapena CT Angiography: Kufufuza mitsempha yamagazi pogwiritsa ntchito kompyuta yotchedwa tomography scan.
• Mayeso a magazi: Kuchuluka kwa magazi, Ma Enzymes a Mtima, ndi zina zotero.

Ngati njira yochitira opaleshoniyi si yadzidzidzi, dokotala wanu adzakulangizani kuti musale kudya kwa maola angapo opaleshoniyo isanayambe. Komanso, njira yochitira opaleshoniyi isanayambe, mudzaikidwa mzere wa IV m'manja mwanu kuti muzitha kupereka mankhwala ndi madzi ofunikira mosavuta. Pa nthawi ya PCI, mudzapatsidwa mankhwala oti akupatseni tulo tochepa, pomwe pa nthawi ya opaleshoni ya CABG, mudzapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa ululu.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani panthawi ya chithandizo?

Ngakhale kuti PCI ndi CABG zili ndi cholinga chimodzi, momwe zimachitikira ndi zosiyana kwambiri. Tiyeni tiwone momwe zimachitikira.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani mukalandira chithandizo?

Mudzafunika nthawi kuti muchire bwino mutatha opaleshoniyi. Nthawiyi imadalira mtundu wa opaleshoni yomwe mudachita, thanzi lanu lonse, komanso ngati inali yadzidzidzi. Nthawi zambiri, zimatenga masiku ochepa kuti muchire ndi PCI. Komabe, zingatenge milungu kapena miyezi kuti muchire bwino mutatha opaleshoni ya CABG.

Dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti mutenge nawo mbali mu pulogalamu yothandiza anthu odwala matenda a mtima . M'mapulogalamuwa, madokotala, anamwino, aphunzitsi a masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndi akatswiri azakudya amagwira ntchito limodzi kuti akuphunzitseni momwe mungamachitire masewera olimbitsa thupi moyenera, kuwongolera zakudya zanu, komanso kumwa mankhwala anu moyenera.

Komanso, ndikofunikira kupitanso kwa dokotala panthawi yomwe mwakonza (maulendo otsatira) ndikuyesedwa. Kutsatira malangizo a dokotala molondola kudzakuthandizani kuti muchiritse mwachangu.

Kodi ubwino wa mankhwala amenewa ndi wotani?

• Kupewa matenda a mtima: Ngati matenda a mtima atapezeka asanayambe matenda a mtima, chithandizochi chingawateteze.
• Kupulumutsa Moyo: Matenda a mtima ndi vuto lalikulu lomwe lingawononge moyo. Pazochitika zotere, mankhwala amenewa angapulumutse miyoyo.
• Kusunga ntchito ya mtima: Chithandizo choyambirira chingalepheretse kufa kwa maselo a mtima chifukwa cha ischemia. Izi zingachepetse kuwonongeka kwa mtima kosatha.

Kodi pali zoopsa zilizonse pa mankhwala awa?

Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi chithandizo chilichonse chamankhwala, pali zoopsa zomwe zingachitike, kutengera thanzi lanu komanso chithandizo chomwe chikuchitidwa.

• Kwa PCI: Pakhoza kukhala chiopsezo chochepa cha kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi, kugunda kwa mtima kosakhazikika (arrhythmias), magazi kuundana, sitiroko, kapena kutuluka magazi.
• Kwa CABG: Opaleshoni ili ndi chiopsezo cha ululu, kutuluka magazi, komanso matenda.

Kambiranani ndi dokotala wanu mafunso kapena nkhawa zilizonse zomwe muli nazo pankhaniyi. Iye adzakufotokozerani momveka bwino zoopsa zomwe zingachitike kutengera momwe zinthu zilili.

Kodi muyenera kukaonananso ndi dokotala liti?

Mukalandira chithandizo, ngati zizindikiro zotsatirazi zikubwereranso , pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo kapena pitani ku Dipatimenti Yodzidzimutsa (ETU) .

• Kupweteka pachifuwa kapena kufinya (Angina)
• Kuvuta kupuma (Dyspnea)
• Kumva chizungulire kapena kukomoka
• Kukomoka

Ndizachibadwa kukhala ndi mantha komanso nkhawa mukaphunzira za matenda a mtima. Koma pomvetsetsa njira zamakono ngati izi, mutha kuthana ndi mantha amenewo, kupeza chithandizo chofunikira, ndikukhalanso ndi moyo wathanzi.