Mwina munamvapo mawu akuti 'Stem Cell Transplant' atatchulidwa kale. Mwina dokotala anakambiranapo za njira iyi yothandizira inu kapena munthu wina wapafupi nanu. Ndizachibadwa kukhala ndi mafunso okhudza momwe njira iyi imagwirira ntchito, matenda omwe imachiritsa, kapena momwe kuchira kumaonekera. Chonde musadandaule; kuno ku Nirogi Lanka, tikukufotokozerani zonse m'mawu osavuta komanso osavuta kumva.
Kodi ma Stem Cell ndi chiyani ndipo amagwira ntchito bwanji?
Tiyeni tiyambe mwa kumvetsetsa tanthauzo la maselo oyambira. Mwachidule, awa ndi mitundu yapadera ya maselo m'thupi lanu. Ali ndi mphamvu zodabwitsa zopanga maselo apadera pafupifupi mtundu wina uliwonse. Zili ngati matsenga! Tikamakambirana za kusamutsa maselo oyambira ku Nirogi Lanka, tikuyang'ana kwambiri maselo oyambira omwe amapanga magazi. Maselo awa ndi ofunikira popanga zinthu zomangira thupi lanu:
- Maselo Ofiira a M'magazi: Awa amanyamula mpweya m'thupi lonse. Ganizirani ngati othandizira ofunikira omwe amaonetsetsa kuti thupi lanu limalandira mpweya womwe limafunikira kuti ligwire ntchito.
- Maselo Oyera a M'magazi: Awa amagwira ntchito ngati asilikali amkati mwa thupi lanu, polimbana ndi majeremusi ndi matenda kuti mukhale otetezeka komanso athanzi.
- Ma platelets: Mukavulala pang'ono, izi zimathandiza kuletsa kutuluka magazi mwa kulola magazi anu kuundana bwino.
Mwachidule, maselo oyambira ndi maziko a dongosolo la magazi labwino.
Kodi Kusamutsa Maselo Oyambira ndi Chiyani?
Tsopano popeza mwadziwa bwino zomwe maselo oyambira amachita, kodi kuyika maselo oyambira ndi chiyani kwenikweni? Mu njira iyi, madokotala amatenga maselo oyambira athanzi ndikuwalowetsa m'magazi a wodwala. Izi zimachitika kuti alowe m'malo mwa maselo oyambira anu ngati sakugwira ntchito bwino kapena awonongeka.
Kuchira kumatenga nthawi pambuyo pa chithandizo chotere, koma kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda enaake oopsa, kungapereke zotsatira zosintha moyo ndi chiyembekezo chochira.
Ndani amafunikira kuikidwa maselo oyambira?
Chithandizo ichi sichifunika kwa aliyense. Kuika maselo oyambira nthawi zambiri kumachitika kuti athandize odwala omwe ali ndi matenda awa:
- Matenda aakulu a magazi kapena mavuto a chitetezo chamthupi.
- Mitundu ina ya khansa (monga khansa ya m'magazi).
- Kufooka kwa chitetezo chamthupi (komwe thupi lanu silingathe kulimbana ndi matenda).
- Matenda ena a autoimmune , monga lupus.
- Matenda a magazi monga thalassemia kapena matenda a sickle cell .
Pazochitikazi, chifukwa maselo oyambira a thupi lanu sakugwira ntchito momwe ayenera kukhalira, kupereka maselo atsopano komanso athanzi kungapangitse kusiyana kwakukulu.
Kodi timapeza bwanji maselo oyambira awa?
Funso labwino kwambiri limenelo! Pali magwero atatu akuluakulu a maselo oyambira awa:
1. Bone Marrow: Kawirikawiri amatchedwa "Bone Marrow Transplant," maselo awa amatengedwa kuchokera ku bowel yomwe imapezeka mkati mwa mafupa anu akuluakulu.
2. Magazi Ochokera Kumbali: Pogwiritsa ntchito njira zapadera zachipatala, maselo oyambira amatha kuchotsedwa mwachindunji m'magazi anu.
3. Magazi a Chingwe cha Umbilical: Mwana akabadwa, magazi otsala mu chingwe cha umbilical amakhala ndi maselo oyambira awa ambiri. Magaziwa amatha kutengedwa ndikusungidwa kuti akagwiritsidwe ntchito mtsogolo ngati pakufunika kutero.
Munthu amene amapereka maselo amenewa amatchedwa wopereka . Nthawi zina, mungakhale wopereka wanu , komwe maselo anu oyambira amasonkhanitsidwa pasadakhale, kusungidwa mufiriji, kenako nkubwezedwa kwa inu pambuyo pake. Apo ayi, wopereka amafunika.
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti ngati mulandira maselo kuchokera kwa munthu wina, majini awo ayenera kukhala ofanana. Nthawi zambiri, m'bale ndi m'bale wanu ndiye woyenera kwambiri, ngakhale nthawi zina kholo kapena wopereka wina wosagwirizana naye angapereke ofanana.
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati maselo a wopereka sakugwirizana?
Ichi ndi chinthu chofunika kuganizira. Ngati maselo oyambira a wopereka sakugwirizana, kapena nthawi zina ngati ali ofanana, mavuto awiri akuluakulu angachitike:
1. Kukana: Izi zimachitika pamene chitetezo cha mthupi lanu chimazindikira maselo omwe aikidwa m'thupi ngati "achilendo" ndikuwukira ngati kuti ndi chiwopsezo.
2. Matenda a Graft-versus-Host (GVHD): Izi ndi zosiyana. Apa, maselo obzalidwa ("graft") amazindikira minofu ya thupi lanu ("host") ngati yachilendo ndipo amayamba kuwaukira.
Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala enaake kuti athetse mavutowa komanso kupewa.
Kodi njira yosinthira maselo oyambira ndi yotani?
Ngakhale kuti njira imeneyi ingaoneke yovuta, tiyeni tiigaŵanitse m'mawu osavuta.
Choyamba, asanayambe kuyika maselo oyambira, madokotala adzayika Central Line (Central Venous Catheter)pansi pa khungu lanu mumtsempha waukulu pafupi ndi mtima wanu. Iyi ndi chubu chapadera komanso cholimba chomwe chimapangidwa kuti chikhale pamalopo kwa nthawi yayitali kuposa mzere wamba wa IV, zomwe zimatithandiza kupereka mankhwala mosavuta ndikujambula magazi popanda kufunikira kuyika singano pafupipafupi.
Kuika maselo oyambira kumachitika m'chipatala .
Poyamba, mudzalandira mankhwala amphamvu a chemotherapy ndi/kapena chithandizo cha radiation . Izi zimachitika pazifukwa ziwiri zazikulu:
- Kuwononga maselo osagwira ntchito bwino omwe amayambitsa matenda anu.
- Kuletsa chitetezo chamthupi chanu kuti chisakane maselo atsopano oyambira omwe aperekedwa.
Pambuyo pa izi, maselo oyambira athanzi, operekedwa, amalowetsedwa m'magazi anu, mofanana ndi kulowetsedwa kwa m'mitsempha (IV).
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani mutaika chiwalo china? Kodi mungayembekezere chiyani?
Pambuyo poika chiwalo, zimatenga nthawi kuti thupi lanu liyambe kupanga maselo ake atsopano ofiira a magazi, maselo oyera a magazi, ndi ma platelet. Panthawiyi, mumakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda opatsirana, kutuluka magazi, ndi mavuto ena.
Odwala ambiri amakhala m'chipatala kwa milungu itatu mpaka isanu pambuyo pa opaleshoni. Panthawiyi, gulu lanu lachipatala ku Nirogi Lanka lidzakuyang'anirani mosamala, kuphatikizapo:
- Kuchita mayeso a magazi: Kuti aone ngati maselo oikidwa m'thupi akupanga bwino maselo atsopano athanzi a magazi.
- Kupereka mankhwala: Kuletsa kukana ndi matenda a Graft-versus-Host (GvHD).
- Kupereka mankhwala oletsa matenda.
- Kupereka magazi ofiira, maselo oyera, kapena ma platelet ngati kuchuluka kwanu kuli kochepa.
- Kuyang'ana momwe ziwalo zanu zimagwirira ntchito , monga chiwindi ndi impso.
- Kuchiza mavuto aliwonse , monga zilonda pakamwa, nseru, kutsegula m'mimba, matenda, kapena kutuluka magazi.
- Kuonetsetsa kuti mukupeza zakudya zoyenera.
- Kuonetsetsa kuti alendo onse akutsatira njira zodzitetezera ku matenda:
- Aliyense amene akumva kudwala sayenera kupita kukamuona.
- Alendo onse ayenera kusamba m'manja bwino asanalowe.
- Alendo ayenera kuvala chigoba, magolovesi, ndi diresi ngati pakufunika.
Njira zodzitetezera izi ndizofunikira chifukwa chitetezo cha mthupi lanu chimakhala chofooka kwambiri panthawiyi, ndipo ngakhale kachilombo kakang'ono kangayambitse matenda oopsa.
Kodi mungathandize bwanji kuchira kwanu?
Nthawi zambiri zimatenga pafupifupi chaka chimodzi kuti chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chibwerere mwakale mutachiika maselo oyambira. Mpaka nthawi imeneyo, mumakhalabe pachiwopsezo. Ngakhale chimfine chingakhale choopsa. Kuti mukhale otetezeka, tsatirani izi:
- Inu, banja lanu, ndi alendo anu muyenera kusamba m'manja pafupipafupi pogwiritsa ntchito sopo wopha mabakiteriya kapena mankhwala oyeretsera m'manja.
- Pewani anthu omwe akudwala.
- Sambani tsiku lililonse pogwiritsa ntchito sopo wofewa komanso shampu.
Kuphatikiza apo, tsatirani malangizo a gulu lanu lachipatala okhudza:
- Ngati kuli kotetezeka kubwerera kusukulu, kuntchito, kapena m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri.
- Pamene mukuyenera kuvala chigoba.
- Ndi zakudya ziti zomwe zili zotetezeka kudya komanso zomwe ziyenera kupewedwa.
- Kaya mungakhale ndi ziweto pafupi.
Chilichonse chomwe tikupempha ndikuonetsetsa kuti muli otetezeka.
Kodi muyenera kudziwa chiyani china?
Pambuyo pobwerera kunyumba kuchokera kuchipatala, odwala ambiri achinyamata amayamba kusintha pang'onopang'ono pakapita nthawi. Komabe, gulu lanu la ku Nirogi Lanka likumvetsa kuti nthawi yochira iyi ingakhale yovuta, mwakuthupi komanso m'maganizo. Chithandizo cha thanzi la maganizo n'chofunika kwambiri. Dokotala wanu, wogwira ntchito zachitukuko, kapena katswiri wa moyo wa ana alipo kuti akuthandizeni panthawiyi, choncho musaope kupempha thandizo.
Kodi muyenera kulankhulana ndi dokotala nthawi yomweyo liti?
Ngati inu kapena makolo anu muwona zizindikiro zotsatirazi, funsani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo kapena funsani thandizo lachipatala ladzidzidzi (911):
- Malungo a 38.0°C (100.4°F) kapena kupitirira apo.
- Kutsekeka, chifuwa, kapena kutsekeka pachifuwa.
- Kusanza kapena kutsegula m'mimba kosalekeza.
- Chimbudzi chakuda.
- Kutupa kosavuta kapena kutuluka magazi mosadziwikiratu.
- Magazi mu mkodzo wanu.
- Mutu, chizungulire, kapena kusawona bwino.
- Kutsokomola magazi kapena kutuluka magazi m'mphuno komwe sikutha pakatha mphindi zochepa.
Musanyalanyaze zizindikiro zimenezi. Kufunafuna chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu n'kofunika kwambiri.
Mfundo Zofunika Kwambiri
Mwachidule, kusamutsa maselo oyambira ndi mankhwala ofunika kwambiri pa matenda ambiri akuluakulu. Ngakhale kuti ndi njira yovuta, imapereka mwayi watsopano komanso chiyembekezo cha tsogolo labwino.
- Maselo oyambira ndi maselo apadera m'thupi lanu omwe ali ndi udindo wopanga magazi.
- Pa nthawi yoika chiwalo, maselo athanzi amaikidwa mwa inu kuti athandize kubwezeretsa ntchito za thupi lanu.
- Pambuyo pa njirayi, mudzafunika nthawi ndi chisamaliro chapadera kuti muchiritse.
- Kudziteteza ku matenda ndikofunikira kwambiri panthawiyi.
- Ngati mukukumana ndi nkhawa kapena kusasangalala, funsani upangiri wachipatala mwachangu kuchokera kwa gulu lanu losamalira odwala.
Ngati muli ndi mafunso ena, chonde musazengereze kufunsa dokotala wanu. Ali pano kuti akupatseni chidziwitso pa chilichonse chokhudza chithandizo chanu. Kumbukirani nthawi zonse kuti simuli nokha paulendowu ndi Nirogi Lanka!
Kusamutsa Maselo Oyambira, Matenda a Magazi, Chithandizo cha Khansa, Chitetezo cha Mthupi, Kusamutsa Mafupa, Thanzi, Nirogi Lanka
