Kodi mukufuna kudziwa zambiri zokhudza kuyika maselo a stem cell? Tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane!

Mwina mwamvapo mawu akuti 'kuika maselo oyambira' kapena `(Kuika Maselo Oyambira)`. Mwina inuyo kapena munthu wina amene mumamudziwa adauzidwa za chithandizochi ndi dokotala. Chifukwa chake mwina muli ndi mafunso ambiri okhudza chomwe chilidi, matenda amtundu wanji omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndi zomwe zimachitika pambuyo pake. Musadandaule, tikambirana zonsezi m'njira yosavuta yomwe mungamvetse.

Kodi maselo oyambira ndi chiyani? Kodi amagwira ntchito bwanji?

Chabwino, choyamba tiyeni tiwone zomwe maselo oyambira awa ali. Mwachidule, awa ndi mtundu wapadera kwambiri wa maselo m'thupi lathu. Maselo awa ali ndi luso lodabwitsa, lomwe ndi kukula kukhala mtundu wina uliwonse wa maselo. Zili ngati matsenga, eti? Ponena za kusamutsa maselo oyambira, tikulankhula makamaka za maselo oyambira omwe amapanga magazi. Maselo awa ndi omwe pambuyo pake amapanga zinthu izi zomwe matupi athu amafunikira:

• Maselo Ofiira a M'magazi: Awa ndi maselo omwe amanyamula mpweya m'thupi lonse. Tangoganizani, maselowa amatithandiza kupuma.
• Maselo Oyera a M'magazi: Maselo oyera awa amatiteteza polimbana ndi majeremusi omwe amayambitsa matenda omwe amalowa m'thupi lathu. Ali ngati asilikali m'thupi lathu.
• Ma platelets: Awa ndi ma platelets omwe amasiya kutuluka magazi mukadula pang'ono. Amathandiza magazi kuundana.

Kotero, maselo oyambira awa ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakugwira ntchito bwino kwa magazi athu.

Kodi Kusamutsa Maselo Oyambira ndi Chiyani?

Tsopano popeza mwadziwa pang'ono za maselo oyambira, kodi kuyika maselo oyambira n'chiyani? Pa izi, madokotala amatenga maselo oyambira athanzi ndikuwabaya m'magazi a munthu. Izi zimachitika kuti alowe m'malo mwa maselo oyambira omwe ali nawo ngati sakugwira ntchito bwino.

Zimatenga nthawi kuti munthu achire bwino kuchokera ku chithandizochi. Komabe, chingakhale chothandiza kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda enaake aakulu.

Ndi anthu amtundu wanji omwe amafunika kuikidwa maselo oyambira?

Si aliyense amene angafunike chithandizochi. Kuika maselo oyambira nthawi zambiri kumachitika kuti athandize anthu omwe ali ndi matenda monga:

• Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi matenda aakulu okhudzana ndi magazi kapena matenda a chitetezo chamthupi.
• Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mitundu ina ya khansa (monga leukemia).
• Kusowa kwa chitetezo chamthupi (ndiko kuti, anthu omwe ali ndi mphamvu zochepa zolimbana ndi matenda).
• Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda enaake a autoimmune , monga lupus.
• Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda okhudzana ndi magazi, mwachitsanzo, matenda monga Thalassemia kapena Sickle Cell Disease .

Muzochitika ngati izi, popeza maselo oyambira a wodwalayo sakugwira ntchito bwino, kupereka maselo atsopano athanzi kungapangitse kusiyana kwakukulu.

Kodi timapeza bwanji maselo oyambira oti azitha kuikidwa m'malo ena?

Funso labwino! Pali njira zitatu zazikulu zopezera maselo oyambira ofunika awa:

1. Kusamutsa Mafupa: Izi ndi zomwe anthu ambiri adamva. Maselo oyambira awa amapangidwa mu mafupa, omwe ali mkati mwa mafupa athu akuluakulu.

2. Kuchokera ku plasma yamagazi (kuyenda kwa magazi): Maselo oyambira amathanso kuchotsedwa mwachindunji kuchokera ku magazi pogwiritsa ntchito njira zapadera.

3. Magazi a Chingwe cha Umbilical: Mwana akabadwa, magazi omwe amatsala mu chingwe cha umbilical amakhala ndi maselo ofunika awa. Amenewa amatha kutengedwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi munthu amene akufunika thandizo.

Munthu amene amapereka maselo oyambira awa amatchedwa wopereka . Nthawi zina, wodwalayo akhoza kukhala wopereka yekha. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, maselo awo oyambira amatengedwa kaye, kusungidwa mufiriji yapadera (yozizira), kenako nkuikidwanso m'malo awoawo. Nthawi zina, wina amapereka maselo awa.

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti ngati mutenga maselo oyambira kuchokera kwa wina, kapangidwe ka majini a maselo amenewo kayenera kukhala kofanana kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, mchimwene kapena mlongo ndiye woyenera kwambiri. Nthawi zina, mutha kupeza ofanana kuchokera kwa kholo kapena munthu amene si wachibale konse.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati maselo a woperekayo sakugwirizana bwino?

Iyi ndi mfundo yofunika kwambiri. Ngati maselo oyambira a wopereka sakugwirizana bwino (ngakhale nthawi zina amakhala ofanana), mavuto awiri angabuke:

1. Kukana: Apa ndi pamene chitetezo cha mthupi cha wodwalayo chimaukira maselo oyamba omwe angobzalidwa kumene, ngati kuti akuganiza kuti, "Awa si athu."

2. Matenda a Graft-versus-Host: Izi ndi zosiyana pang'ono. Chomwe chimachitika apa ndi chakuti maselo atsopano operekedwa (graft) amabwera ndi kuukira maselo athanzi m'thupi la wodwalayo (wolandirayo).

Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala apadera kuti apewe zinthu ngati izi.

Kodi njira yosinthira maselo oyambira imachitika bwanji?

Ngakhale kuti izi zingawoneke ngati njira yovuta pang'ono, tiyeni tizisunge mosavuta.

Choyamba, asanaikidwe maselo oyambira, madokotala amaika chinthu chotchedwa ``Central Line / Central Venous Catheter`` pansi pa khungu la wodwalayo, mu mtsempha waukulu pafupi ndi mtima. Uwu ndi chubu chapadera chomwe chingasiyidwe m'thupi kwa nthawi yayitali kuposa mzere wamba wa ``IV``. Izi zimathandiza kuti mankhwala ndi magazi aziperekedwa mosavuta popanda singano zodulira pafupipafupi.

Kuika maselo oyambira kumachitika kuchipatala .

Choyamba, munthu amene walandira maselo oyambira omwe aperekedwa amapatsidwa mankhwala amphamvu a chemotherapy ndi/kapena radiation . Izi zimachitika pazifukwa ziwiri:

• Wonongani maselo osagwira ntchito bwino omwe adayambitsa matendawa.
• Fooketsa chitetezo cha mthupi cha wodwalayo kuti maselo atsopano omwe aperekedwa asakanidwe.

Kenako, maselo athanzi omwe aperekedwa amalowetsedwa m'thupi la wodwalayo kudzera mu njira ya mtsempha (IV), mofanana ndi saline yomwe imaperekedwa mumtsempha.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani mutaika chiwalo china? Kodi mungayembekezere chiyani?

Pambuyo poika maselo oyambira, zimatenga nthawi kuti thupi la wodwalayo lipange maselo ofiira atsopano, maselo oyera a magazi, ndi ma platelet. Panthawiyi, chiopsezo cha matenda opatsirana, kutuluka magazi, ndi mavuto ena chimawonjezeka.

Anthu ambiri amakhala m'chipatala kwa milungu pafupifupi itatu mpaka isanu atangoikidwa. Panthawiyi, gulu lachipatala lidzakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi izi:

• Mayeso a magazi amachitidwa kuti aone ngati maselo oyambira omwe adalowetsedwa m'thupi akupanga maselo atsopano a magazi.
• Mankhwala: Amaletsa kukana ndi matenda a Graft-versus-Host, omwe tidakambirana kale.
• Mankhwala amaperekedwa kuti apewe matenda.
• Ngati pakufunika , maselo ofiira a magazi, maselo oyera a magazi, ndi ma platelet amaperekedwa kunja (kuika magazi).
• Amafufuza ngati ziwalo zina, monga chiwindi ndi impso, zikugwira ntchito bwino.
• Ngati pabuka mavuto ena monga zilonda pakamwa, kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba, matenda opatsirana, kutuluka magazi, kukana, kapena matenda a Graft-versus-Host, amachiritsidwa.
• Kuonetsetsa kuti wodwalayo akulandira zakudya zabwino.
• Alendo onse amayesedwa kuti atsimikizire kuti akutsatira malamulo oletsa matenda. Izi zikutanthauza:
• Si bwino kupita kwa munthu wodwala.
• Aliyense amene abwera kudzacheza ayenera kusamba m'manja bwino asanalowe m'chipindamo.
• Aliyense ayenera kuvala chigoba, magolovesi, ndi diresi yapadera.

Njira zodzitetezera izi ndizofunikira kwambiri chifukwa panthawiyi, chitetezo cha mthupi cha wodwalayo chimakhala chochepa kwambiri. Ngakhale kachilombo kakang'ono kangayambitse vuto lalikulu.

Kodi mungatani kuti muchire msanga?

Nthawi zambiri zimatenga pafupifupi chaka chimodzi kuti chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chibwerere mwakale mutachiika maselo oyambira. Mpaka nthawi imeneyo, mutha kukhala pachiwopsezo cha matenda oopsa. Ngakhale chimfine chingakhale choopsa. Chifukwa chake, nazi zina zomwe mungachite kuti mudziteteze ku matenda:

• Inu, banja lanu, ndi aliyense amene akubwera kudzakuchezerani muyenera kusamba m'manja pafupipafupi komanso mokwanira. Gwiritsani ntchito sopo wopha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kapena mankhwala oyeretsera m'manja.
• Khalani kutali ndi anthu odwala.
• Sambani thupi lanu tsiku lililonse ndi shampu ndi sopo wochepa.

Komanso, tsatirani malangizo awa mosamala ochokera kwa gulu lanu lachipatala:

• Kodi mudzabwerera liti kusukulu, kutuluka, ndi kupita kumalo opezeka anthu ambiri?
• Nthawi yomwe muyenera kuvala chigoba.
• Ndi zakudya ziti zomwe zili zabwino kwa inu kudya ndi zakudya zomwe sizili bwino kwa inu kudya.
• Kaya mungakhale pafupi ndi ziweto kapena ayi.

Zonsezi zachitika kuti zikutetezeni.

Kodi mukufuna kudziwa chiyani china?

Pambuyo poika maselo oyambira m'thupi ndi kutuluka m'chipatala, achinyamata ambiri amachira pang'onopang'ono pakapita nthawi. Koma gulu lanu lachipatala likudziwa kuti nthawi yochira iyi ingakhale yovuta. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kupeza chithandizo chamaganizo. Dokotala wanu, wogwira ntchito zachipatala kuchipatala, kapena katswiri wa moyo wa ana angakuthandizeni pa nthawi yovutayi. Choncho musaope kupempha thandizo.

Kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo liti?

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, inu kapena makolo anu muyenera kuyimbira dokotala nthawi yomweyo:

• Ngati muli ndi kutentha kwa madigiri 38.0 Celsius (100.4 Fahrenheit) kapena kupitirira apo .
• Ngati muli ndi mphuno yotuluka madzi, chifuwa, kapena chifuwa cholimba.
• Ngati mukusanza kapena kutsegula m'mimba.
• Ngati chopondapo chili chakuda.
• Ngati mwavulala kapena kutuluka magazi ngakhale pang'ono.
• Ngati pali magazi mu mkodzo.
• Ngati mukumva chizungulire , mutu wopepuka , kapena kusawona bwino.
• Ngati mukutsokomola ndi kutuluka magazi kapena ngati mphuno yanu ikutuluka magazi ndipo sikusiya kutuluka patatha mphindi zochepa.

Musanyalanyaze zizindikiro izi. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kupeza chithandizo mwachangu.

Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba

Choncho, kuyika maselo ofiira m'thupi ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri pa matenda ena akuluakulu. Ngakhale kuti ndi njira yovuta pang'ono, imapereka chiyembekezo chatsopano kwa miyoyo yambiri.

• Maselo oyambira ndi maselo apadera omwe amapanga magazi m'thupi lathu.
• Kuika chiwalo kumatanthauza kupereka maselo athanzi kwa wodwala.
• Izi zimafuna nthawi ndi chisamaliro chapadera kuti munthu achire.
• Ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziteteza ku matenda.
• Ngati muli ndi vuto lililonse kapena kusapeza bwino, funsani upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

Ngati muli ndi mafunso ena okhudza izi, musaope kufunsa dokotala wanu. Adzakufotokozerani zonse mwatsatanetsatane. Kumbukirani nthawi zonse kuti simuli nokha!

Kusamutsa Maselo Oyambira, Matenda a Magazi, Chithandizo cha Khansa, Chitetezo cha Mthupi, Kusamutsa Mafuta a M'mafupa, Thanzi