Tiyeni tiphunzire mwachidule za Thoracoscopy, yomwe ndi njira yowunikira yomwe imakhudza kuyika kamera pachifuwa.

Kodi dokotala wanu wakuuzani kuti muchite 'Thoracoscopy'? Mwina munachita mantha pang'ono mutamva dzinalo. "Ichi n'chiyani?" "Kodi ndi opaleshoni yaikulu?" "Kodi ndi yovutadi?" Mafunso ambiri ngati awa mwina abwera m'maganizo mwanu. Koma kwenikweni si owopsa monga momwe mukuganizira. Ndi njira yofala kwambiri, yotetezeka, komanso yosavuta. Chifukwa chake lero, tiyeni tikambirane za izi m'njira yosavuta, mwanjira yomwe idzachotsa mafunso onse ndi mantha omwe mungakhale nawo pankhaniyi.

Mwachidule, kodi Thoracoscopy ndi chiyani?

Tangoganizirani, dokotala akukayikira kuti pali vuto m'chifuwa mwanu, kutanthauza kuti, m'dera lomwe muli mapapo. Koma palibe X-ray kapena CT scan yomwe yatha kuzindikira chomwe chili. Panthawi ngati iyi, kodi zingakhale bwino bwanji ngati mungalowe mkati ndikuyang'ana? Ndicho chimene njira iyi yotchedwa Thoracoscopy imagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Mwachidule, izi zimaphatikizapo kupanga kachidutswa kakang'ono kwambiri pakhungu la pachifuwa ndikulowetsa kamera kakang'ono kudzera mmenemo. Kamera iyi imatchedwa thoracoscope . Ndi chubu chopyapyala chofanana ndi pensulo. Ili ndi kamera ndi kuwala kumapeto. Kamera iyi ikayikidwa, dokotala amatha kuwona bwino mapapu anu, malo ozungulira mapapu (omwe madokotala amati malo a pleural ), diaphragm, ndi chilichonse chomwe chili mkati, monga khoma la pachifuwa, pa TV yayikulu (monitor).

Njira imeneyi nthawi zambiri imachitika ngati gawo la opaleshoni yotchedwa Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery (VATS) . Izi zikutanthauza kuti dokotala samayang'ana thupi lanu, koma amangoyang'ana zithunzi zomwe zili pa TV yayikulu, ndipo amachita opaleshoniyo mosamala kwambiri, pogwiritsa ntchito zida zazing'ono. Uwu ndi ukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri.

Kodi izi zikuchitika ngati mayeso kapena ngati chithandizo?

Yankho la funsoli kwenikweni ndi lakuti, "Mutha kuchita zonse ziwiri." Zimasiyana malinga ndi chifukwa chomwe mukuchitira izi.

• Kuzindikira Matenda a Thoracoscopy: Nthawi zina dokotala amangofuna kuona zomwe zikuchitika mkati. Kapena, angafune kutenga chidutswa chaching'ono kwambiri cha minofu kuchokera pamalo okayikitsa kuti akachiwone. Timachitcha ichi biopsy . Zili ngati wofufuza milandu akupita kukafunafuna umboni. Izi nthawi zina zimatchedwa Pleuroscopy .

• Kuchiza (Therapeutic Thoracoscopy): Nthawi zina, chifukwa chenicheni cha vutoli chimadziwika. Kenako njira imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza vutoli. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, imachitika ngati gawo la opaleshoni.

Kodi ndi nthawi ziti pamene thoracoscopy imafunika?

Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe dokotala angalimbikitse njira imeneyi. Zifukwa zazikulu ndi izi:

• Pezani zambiri zomwe sizinapezeke mu mayeso monga X-ray pachifuwa, CT scan, ndi ultrasound scan.
• Chotsani gawo la mkati mwa khoma la pachifuwa (pleura).
• Chotsani mbali zowonongeka za mapapo (izi zimatchedwa `opaleshoni yochepetsera kuchuluka kwa mapapo`).
• Chotsani matumba a mpweya m'mapapo.
• Ngati pali khansa m'mapapo, chotsani gawo la khansa (kuchotsa mapapo).
• Chotsani madzi ochulukirapo omwe asonkhana mozungulira mapapo ndipo gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala kuti madziwo asadzabwerenso (izi zimatchedwa `pleurodesis`).

Opaleshoni iyi ingakhale yofunikira, makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda monga khansa ya m'mapapo kapena mesothelioma (khansa ya m'mapapo). Imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pochiza khansa ya thymus gland kapena m'mero ​​pachifuwa.

Kodi kusiyana pakati pa thoracoscopy ndi thoracotomy ndi kotani?

Mwina munamvapo mawu akuti thoracotomy . Ngakhale kuti zonsezi ndi opaleshoni ya pachifuwa, pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa ziwirizi. Thoracoscopy ili ngati "kuyang'ana kudzera pa bowo la kiyi." Thoracotomy ili ngati "kutsegula chitseko."

Tiyeni tiwone kusiyana pakati pa njira ziwirizi motere.

Nthawi zina, atayamba opaleshoni ya thoracoscopy, ngati dokotala atsimikiza kuti opaleshoniyo singathe kuchitidwa bwino kudzera m'mabala ang'onoang'ono awa, angasinthe kupita ku thoracotomy yokhala ndi mdulidwe waukulu. Izi zimachitika kuti mukhale otetezeka.

Kodi mumakonzekera bwanji musanachite opaleshoni?

Ngakhale kuti iyi si opaleshoni yaikulu, imafuna kukonzekera pang'ono.

• Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu: Uzani dokotala wanu za mankhwala onse, mavitamini, ndi mankhwala azitsamba omwe mumamwa. Makamaka ngati mukumwa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi (monga aspirin, clopidogrel, kapena warfarin ), funsani ngati muyenera kusiya kumwa mankhwalawa masiku angapo opaleshoni yanu isanachitike.
• Kusala Kudya: Pa tsiku la opaleshoni, mudzalangizidwa kuti musadye kapena kumwa chilichonse kwa maola angapo (nthawi zambiri maola 6-8) musanachite opaleshoniyi. Izi zimathandiza kuti zinthu zomwe zili m'mimba zisakwere m'chifuwa panthawi yochita opaleshoni.

Momwe opaleshoni imachitikira sitepe ndi sitepe

Pa tsiku la opaleshoni yanu, kudziwa zomwe mungayembekezere m'chipinda chochitira opaleshoni kungakuthandizeni kuchepetsa nkhawa zanu. Opaleshoniyo ingatenge kuyambira theka la ola mpaka maola angapo, kutengera zomwe zikuchitika mkati.

1. Mankhwala Oletsa Kupweteka: Choyamba, mudzapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa kuvulala. Izi zikutanthauza kuti simudzamva chilichonse panthawi ya opaleshoni ndipo mudzakhala mutulo tofa nato. Mankhwalawa adzaperekedwa kudzera mu chubu chaching'ono (IV cannula) chomwe chimayikidwa m'dzanja lanu.

2. Kulumikiza ku chopumira mpweya: Mukagona, chubu chimayikidwa kudzera pakhosi panu kupita ku payipi yanu ya mpweya ndikulumikizidwa ku makina opumira mpweya (`chopumira mpweya`). Makina awa adzakupumirani mpaka opaleshoniyo itatha. Simudzamva chilichonse cha izi.

3. Kupanga kudula pang'ono:Kenako, dokotalayo adzakuduladulani pang'ono kawiri kapena katatu, osapitirira theka la inchi, pachifuwa panu, pakati pa nthiti zanu.

4. Kuyika kamera ndi zida: Kudzera mu kudula kamodzi, kamera ('thoracoscope') yomwe tidakambirana kale imayikidwa. Kudzera mu kudula kwina, zida zazitali komanso zazing'ono zomwe zimafunika pa opaleshoni zimayikidwa.

5. Kuyezetsa kapena kulandira chithandizo: Tsopano dokotala akuyang'ana pa TV ndikuyang'ana mosamala mkati mwa chifuwa. Ngati pakufunika biopsy, imatengedwa, ngati pali gawo loti lichotsedwe, imachotsedwa, kapena chithandizo chofunikira chimachitika.

6. Kuchotsa zida: Ntchito ikatha, kamera ndi zida zina zonse zimachotsedwa.

7. Kuika chubu cha pachifuwa: Kenako, chubu cha pulasitiki (`chubu cha pachifuwa`) chimayikidwa m'chifuwa kudzera m'mabala amodzi. Izi zimachitika kuti muchotse mpweya kapena madzi omwe angakhale atasonkhana pambuyo pa opaleshoni. Izi ziyenera kusiyidwa m'malo mwake kwa tsiku limodzi kapena awiri.

8. Kusoka mabala: Pomaliza, mabala ang'onoang'ono opangidwa amatsekedwa ndi ma stitches.

9. Kudzuka kuchokera ku mankhwala oletsa ululu: Tsopano dokotala woletsa ululu adzakudzutsani pang'onopang'ono. Mukatha kupuma nokha, chubu chomwe chinali pakhosi panu chidzachotsedwa.

Kodi mungayembekezere chiyani mutachita opaleshoni?

Opaleshoni ikatha, mudzasamutsidwira ku ward.

• Kugona: Chifukwa cha zotsatira za mankhwala oletsa ululu, mudzamva kugona komanso kukhala opanda moyo kwa kanthawi.
• Kupweteka pakhosi: Popeza payipi yopumira inalowetsedwa, pakhoza kukhala kupweteka pang'ono pakhosi ndi kusintha kwa mawu kwa tsiku limodzi kapena awiri.
• Ululu: Mudzamva ululu pamalo odulidwa. Mudzapatsidwa mankhwala ochepetsa ululu kuti akuthandizeni pa izi.
• Chubu cha pachifuwa: Chubu cha pachifuwa chidzakhala pamalo pake kwa tsiku limodzi kapena awiri. Muyenera kukhala kuchipatala mpaka mutachichotsa.
• X-ray ya pachifuwa: X-ray ya pachifuwa idzachitikanso kuti aone ngati mapapo akugwira ntchito bwino.
• Chakudya: Pakhosi ndi pakamwa panu zingamveke ngati dzanzi poyamba. Simudzaloledwa kudya kapena kumwa mpaka dzanzi litatha.

Nthawi zambiri mumatha kuyambiranso zochita zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku patatha milungu iwiri. Zingatenge milungu inayi kapena isanu ndi umodzi kuti muchiritse bwino.

Kodi pali chiopsezo pa izi?

Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi njira ina iliyonse yachipatala, pali chiopsezo chochepa. Komabe, ndi njira yotetezeka kwambiri. Chiwerengero cha imfa ndi chochepa kwambiri, pa 0.3%. Mavuto omwe angakhalepo nawonso ndi ochepa kwambiri.

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo (Zoopsa)

• Kuyenda.
• Matenda a m'mapapo kapena mabala.
• Malungo.
• Kusonkhana kwa mpweya pafupi ndi malo odulidwa kapena m'malo a mapapo.
• Mapapu osweka.
• Kuchulukana kwa madzi m'mapapo.

Ngati chinthu chonga ichi chichitika, dokotala wanu ndi ogwira ntchito kuchipatala ali okonzeka kuchichiza. Choncho musadandaule nazo.

Mukapita kunyumba, muyenera kupita kwa dokotala nthawi yanji?

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo ngati mukumva kusasangalala mutabwerera kunyumba kuchokera kuchipatala. Ngati mukumva zizindikiro zotsatirazi, dziwitsani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo kapena pitani ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Padzidzidzi (ETU) ya chipatala chapafupi.

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kulabadira makhalidwe amenewa.