Kodi munayamba mwatenga lipoti lanu la cholesterol mutatha kuyezetsa magazi anu, kuyang'ana manambala omwe ali pamenepo, ndi kuganiza kuti, "Kodi ichi ndi chiyani?"? Anthu ambiri amachita. Koma musadandaule. Kumvetsa lipotili sikovuta monga momwe mungaganizire. Lero, tiyeni tikambirane zomwe lipoti lanu la cholesterol, kapena "lipid profile," likunena. Kudziwa izi kungakuthandizeni kwambiri kukutetezani ku matenda a mtima ndi sitiroko.

Kodi ndi chiyani chomwe chikuphatikizidwa mu lipoti la cholesterol?

Lipoti lanu la Lipid Profile lili ndi tsatanetsatane wa magawo anayi akuluakulu. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili.

• Cholesterol Yonse: Ichi ndi chiwerengero cha mitundu yonse ya cholesterol m'magazi anu.
• LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein): Ichi ndi chomwe timachitcha "cholesterol choipa" chifukwa ndi chomwe chimayika m'mitsempha yamagazi ndikutseka.
• HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein): Timatcha izi kuti "cholesterol yabwino" chifukwa zimachotsa cholesterol yoyipa m'mitsempha yamagazi ndikuyipititsa ku chiwindi.
• Ma triglycerides: Awa si mtundu wa cholesterol, koma mtundu wina wa mafuta omwe amapezeka m'magazi. Amasungidwa m'thupi ngati mphamvu yowonjezera kuchokera ku chakudya chomwe timadya.

Tiyeni tiphunzire za cholesterol 'yoyipa' ya LDL

Cholesterol yambiri m'magazi mwathu ndi LDL. Thupi limafunikira LDL yochepa kuti lipange maselo, kupanga mahomoni, ndi mavitamini. Koma vuto limayamba pamene LDL iyi yachuluka kwambiri. Kenako imamatirira pa makoma a mitsempha yamagazi, ndikuitseka pang'onopang'ono. Ichi ndi chomwe timachitcha "atherosclerosis" kapena "atherosclerosis." Ichi ndi chifukwa chachikulu cha matenda a mtima ndi sitiroko. Choncho LDL yanu ikachepa, chiopsezo chanu chimachepetsa.

Kawirikawiri, ngati mulingo wanu wa LDL uli 190 mg/dL kapena kupitirira apo , umakhala wokwera kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti muyambe kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa cholesterol otchedwa "statin" pamodzi ndi kusintha moyo wanu (zakudya, masewera olimbitsa thupi).

Nthawi zina, ngakhale mulingo wanu wa LDL uli pansi pa 190, dokotala wanu angasankhe kuyamba kumwa mankhwala kutengera zinthu zina zomwe zimayambitsa matenda (monga matenda a shuga ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi).

Kodi cholesterol yabwino ya HDL ndi chiyani?

HDL ili ngati ngwazi m'thupi lathu. Imagwira cholesterol yoyipa ya LDL yomwe yatsala pang'ono kusonkhana m'mitsempha yathu yamagazi ndikuibweza ku chiwindi. Kenako chiwindi chimaichotsa m'thupi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kuchuluka kwa HDL yanu kukakhala kwakukulu, mumatetezedwa kwambiri ku matenda amtima.

Miyezo ya HDL ingakulitsidwe pang'ono pochita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse komanso mitundu ina ya ma statins.

• HDL ya mwamuna iyenera kukhala yoposa 40 mg/dL .
• HDL ya mkazi iyenera kukhala yoposa 50 mg/dL .

Kuchuluka kwa HDL kotsika kuposa milingo iyi kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima. Komanso, kuchuluka kwa HDL kopitilira 100 mg/dL sikwabwino, malinga ndi kafukufuku wina.

Kodi ma triglycerides ndi chiyani?

Ma triglycerides ndi ma calories owonjezera omwe timapeza kuchokera muzakudya zomwe timadya, monga shuga, mafuta, ndi chakudya, zomwe zimasungidwa m'thupi ngati mafuta. Mwachidule, awa ndi mphamvu zomwe zimasungidwa m'maselo amafuta m'thupi.

Kuchuluka kwa triglyceride m'magazi kumawonjezeranso chiopsezo chanu cha matenda a mtima. Makamaka ngati kuchuluka kwa triglyceride m'magazi anu kuli kokwera, mwina mungakhale ndi milingo yochepa ya HDL 'yabwino' komanso milingo yambiri ya LDL 'yoyipa'. Kuphatikiza kwa zinthu zitatuzi kumawonjezera kwambiri chiopsezo chanu cha matenda a mtima ndi sitiroko.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa triglycerides m'magazi?

• Kukhala pamalo amodzi popanda kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi
• Kudya zakudya zambiri zokhala ndi shuga wambiri, ufa, ndi mafuta ambiri
• Kumwa mowa kwambiri
• Matenda monga matenda a shuga, matenda a impso, ndi matenda a chithokomiro
• Kunenepa kwambiri
• Mankhwala ena (monga mankhwala a khansa ya m'mawere, HIV)
• Zifukwa za majini zomwe zimachokera ku mibadwomibadwo

Ngati mulingo wa triglyceride m'magazi anu ndi wokwera, dokotala wanu adzakulangizani kuti muzichita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse, kuwongolera zakudya zanu, kuchepetsa thupi, komanso kuchepetsa kumwa mowa . Ngati pakufunika kutero, angakupatseninso mankhwala ochizira izi.

Kodi mumamvetsa bwanji kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi anu?

Chabwino, tsopano tiyeni tiwone zomwe ziyenera kukhala pamlingo wabwinobwino. Izi zimayesedwa mu ma milligrams pa deciliter (mg/dL). Kumbukirani, ngati muli ndi matenda ena (shuga, matenda a mtima), milingo yanu yofunikira ikhoza kukhala yosiyana. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za izi.

Kodi muyenera kuyeza cholesterol yanu pa msinkhu uti?

Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti ayenera kuyang'ana kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'thupi lawo akakula. Koma si zoona. Kuyang'ana kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'thupi kuyenera kuyamba ali aang'ono.

• Ana: Ndikoyenera kuyezetsa koyamba pakati pa zaka 9-11 ndi kachiwiri pakati pa zaka 17-21.
• Akuluakulu: Mukakwanitsa zaka 20, pitani kuchipatala kukayezetsa matenda anu osachepera zaka 5 zilizonse .
• Ndikofunikira kuti amuna ayezedwe kamodzi pa chaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri zilizonse atakwanitsa zaka 45 komanso kwa akazi atakwanitsa zaka 55 .
• Aliyense wazaka zoposa 65 ayenera kuyezetsa magazi kamodzi pachaka.

Ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga, kunenepa kwambiri, mbiri ya banja lanu ya matenda a mtima, kapena kusuta fodya, dokotala wanu angakufunseni kuti muyeze cholesterol yanu pafupipafupi.