Tonsefe timakodza kangapo patsiku. Koma kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo za njira yodabwitsa yomwe ili kumbuyo kwa ndondomeko yonseyi? Kodi mukudziwa kuti njira iyi yomwe imatulutsa zinyalala m'thupi lathu ngati madzi ili ndi nembanemba yapadera yoteteza yomwe imateteza mkati mwake? Umenewo ndiye choteteza chete chomwe tikambirane lero. Dzina lake ndi urothelium.
Mwachidule, kodi urothelium iyi ndi chiyani?
Ganizirani za mkodzo wanu ngati chitoliro cha madzi. Mkodzo, womwe umapangidwa ndi impso, umayenda kudzera mu ureter, umasonkhana mu chikhodzodzo, kenako umatuluka kudzera mu urethra. Tsopano, mkodzo uwu si madzi okha. Uli ndi mankhwala omwe thupi silifunikira, ndipo nthawi zina ungakhale wovulaza ziwalo zina za thupi. Mkodzo nawonso ndi madzi ochepa acidic.
Kotero, njira imene mkodzo umadutsa, kutanthauza, kuchokera mkati mwa ziwalo monga chikhodzodzo ndi mkodzo, pamafunika kukhala ndi chophimba champhamvu kuti zinthu zovulazazi zisalowe m'thupi, kutanthauza, m'magazi ndi minofu yathu. Chophimba chapadera choteteza chimenecho ndicho chomwe timachitcha urothelium.
Izi zili ngati utoto wosalowa madzi womwe uli pamakoma a nyumba yathu. Utoto umenewo umaletsa madzi kulowa m'nyumba. Mofananamo, urothelium imaletsa zomwe zili mu mkodzo kuti zisatuluke m'thupi. Umapangidwa ndi zigawo zingapo za maselo omwe amamangirirana kwambiri. Mphamvu ina yodabwitsa ya maselowa ndi yakuti amatha kutambasula bwino chikhodzodzo chikadzaza ndikubwerera mwakale chikapanda kanthu.
Kodi ntchito zazikulu za urothelium ndi ziti?
Ntchito yoperekedwa ndi nembanemba kakang'ono aka si ntchito yaing'ono. Tiyeni tiwone zina mwa ntchito zake zazikulu.
| Ntchito | Kufotokozera kosavuta |
|---|---|
| Chotchinga chachitetezo | Zimaletsa zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi asidi komanso zomwe zingakhale zoopsa mu mkodzo kuti zisalowe m'maselo amkati, monga mitsempha yamagazi ndi minofu. |
| Chitetezo ku matenda | Zimaletsa majeremusi, monga mabakiteriya, kulowa m'njira ya mkodzo, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri popewa matenda a mkodzo (UTIs). |
| Kutumiza chizindikiro | Chikhodzodzo chikadzaza, chimazindikira kupanikizika kwa kudzazidwako ndipo chimathandiza kutumiza uthenga ku ubongo kudzera mu dongosolo la mitsempha lomwe limati "Ndikufunika kukodza tsopano." |
| Kusinthasintha (kutambasula) | Chikhodzodzo chimaloledwa kukula ngati buluni chikadzala ndi mkodzo ndikufinyanso chikapanda kanthu. Ngakhale kutambasuka kumeneku kukachitika, chotchinga choteteza sichimasweka. |
| Malamulo | Kachiwalo kameneka kamathanso kulamulira kuchuluka kwa madzi, mchere, ndi zinthu zina mu mkodzo mpaka pamlingo winawake. |
Kodi urothelium ili kuti?
Chophimba ichi chili makamaka pansi pa dongosolo lathu la mkodzo. Izi ndi izi:
- Chifuwa cha impso: Ichi ndi gawo longa chikho cha impso komwe mkodzo womwe umapezeka mkati mwake umasonkhana koyamba.
- Machubu awiri otengera mkodzo kuchokera ku impso kupita ku chikhodzodzo.
- Chikhodzodzo: Thumba lomwe limasonkhanitsa ndi kusunga mkodzo.
- Urethra: Chitoliro chomwe chimatenga mkodzo kuchokera ku chikhodzodzo kupita kunja kwa thupi.
Zigawo zitatu za urothelium
Iyi si gawo limodzi lokha. Monga linga, ili ndi zigawo zitatu zazikulu.
| Gawo | Zapadera ndi ntchito |
|---|---|
| 1. Wosanjikiza pamwamba (Maselo a maambulera) | Uwu ndi gawo lapamwamba lomwe limayang'anizana mwachindunji ndi mkodzo. Maselo omwe ali mu gawoli ndi akuluakulu, ngati ambulera yophimba maselo angapo pansi pake, ndichifukwa chake amatchedwa 'maselo a maambulera'. Chikhodzodzo chikadzaza, maselo awa amakhala opapatiza ndi kutambasuka. Ngati kachilombo kalowa, maselo awa amafa ndikutuluka ndipo amatuluka ndi mkodzo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, selo 'limathera' limodzi ndi kachilomboka. |
| 2. Gawo lapakati | Uwu ndi gawo lapakati. Ngati maselo omwe ali pamwamba awonongeka, gawoli limapanga maselo atsopano kuti adzaze mpatawo. Zili ngati 'zosungira'. Pamene chikhodzodzo chikudzaza, makulidwe a gawoli amachepa. |
| 3. Gawo loyambira | Uwu ndiye gawo lozama kwambiri, lomwe lili pafupi kwambiri ndi minofu ndi mitsempha yamagazi. Lili ndi maselo ang'onoang'ono kwambiri mu nembanemba iyi. Awa ndi maselo oyambira omwe amathandiza kukonzanso urothelium yonse. |
Mwachidule, zigawo zitatuzi zimagwirira ntchito limodzi ngati gulu kuti zisunge thanzi la mkodzo wathu. Ngati gawo limodzi lawonongeka, linalo limathandiza kulibwezeretsa.
Matenda omwe amakhudza urothelium
Pamene nembanemba yoteteza iyi yawonongeka kapena ntchito yake yasintha, matenda osiyanasiyana amatha kuchitika.
- Khansa: Khansa zambiri za m'chikhodzodzo zimayambira m'maselo a urothelium. Izi zimatchedwa urothelial carcinoma . Osuta fodya ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga khansa yamtunduwu.
- Interstitial Cystitis: Iyi ndi matenda opweteka kwambiri omwe amakhudza chikhodzodzo. Madokotala ena amakhulupirira kuti kuwonongeka kwa urothelium kumapangitsa kuti zinthu zoopsa mu mkodzo zitulukire mu khoma la chikhodzodzo, zomwe zimayambitsa ululuwu.
- Chikhodzodzo Chogwira Ntchito Kwambiri Kapena Kusadziletsa Kudziletsa: Pamene urothelium yawonongeka ndi mavuto monga miyala ya impso, imatha kutumiza zizindikiro zolakwika ku ubongo. Mwachitsanzo, chikhodzodzo chingatumize chizindikiro chakuti chiyenera kukodza mwachangu, ngakhale kuti sichinadzaze kwathunthu.
Kodi zizindikiro zofala za vutoli ndi ziti?
Ngati muli ndi vuto ndi urothelium yanu, mutha kuwona zizindikiro monga:
- Magazi mu mkodzo (Hematochezia): Ichi ndiMusanyalanyaze zimenezo. Ngati muwona magazi mu mkodzo wanu akusanduka ofiira, pinki, kapena bulauni, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
- Kusintha kwa mtundu wa mkodzo (kufiyira).
- Kupweteka m'mimba m'munsi.
- Kupsa kapena kupweteka mukamakodza.
- Kufunika kukodza pafupipafupi.
Mayeso ochitidwa ndi dokotala
Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro ngati izi, dokotala wanu angafune kuchita mayeso ena kuti apeze chomwe chikuyambitsa.
- Kusanthula mkodzo: Chitsanzo cha mkodzo chimatengedwa ndikuyang'aniridwa ngati pali magazi, mafinya, mabakiteriya, kapena matenda ena.
- Kuyezetsa ntchito ya impso: Kuyezetsa magazi kapena mkodzo kumachitika kuti aone ngati impso zikugwira ntchito bwino.
- Kuyezetsa magazi: Kungapereke chidziwitso chokhudza matenda kapena mavuto ena m'thupi.
- Mayeso ojambulira: Kujambula kwa ultrasound, MRI , kapena CT kungachitike kuti muwone miyala, zotupa, kapena zolakwika zina m'ziwalo monga impso ndi chikhodzodzo.
- Kutenga chitsanzo cha minofu (Biopsy): Ngati mukukayikira kuti pali khansa, kamera imalowetsedwa mu chikhodzodzo (Cystoscopy) ndipo chidutswa chaching'ono cha minofu chimatengedwa kuchokera pamalo okayikitsa ndikuwunikidwa.
Kodi ndi zachilendo kukhala ndi maselo a urothelial mu mkodzo?
Inde, nthawi zina zimakhala zachilendo. Maselo athu amafa nthawi zonse ndipo maselo atsopano amapangidwa. Chifukwa chake ndi zachilendo kuti maselo ena pamwamba pa urothelium iyi atuluke ndikutuluka pamodzi ndi mkodzo. Komabe, maselo ambiriwa amatha kusonkhana mu mkodzo chifukwa cha matenda a mkodzo, kuvulala komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha mwala wa impso, kapena matenda enaake a khansa. Ngati izi zatchulidwa mu lipoti lanu la mayeso a mkodzo, onetsetsani kuti mwalankhula ndi dokotala wanu za izi ndikupeza chomwe chikuyambitsa.
Kodi dysplasia ndi chiyani?
Nthawi zina, biopsy inganene kuti maselo a urothelial ali ndi dysplasia . Izi zikutanthauza kuti maselowo amawoneka osazolowereka pang'ono akayang'aniridwa ndi maikulosikopu. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti ndi khansa. Komabe, maselo osazolowereka awa nthawi zina amakhala ndi chiopsezo chokhala khansa mtsogolo. Chifukwa chake, ngati dokotala azindikira vutoli, adzakuyang'anirani nthawi zonse ndikukupatsani chithandizo ngati pakufunika kutero.
Palibe aliyense wa ife amene amagwiritsa ntchito mawu oti "urothelium" m'moyo wathu watsiku ndi tsiku. Koma tsopano mukudziwa kuti sitingakhale athanzi popanda choteteza ichi chopanda phokoso. Chifukwa chake ngati muwona vuto lililonse mu mkodzo wanu, makamaka magazi mu mkodzo wanu, musanyalanyaze ndipo nthawi yomweyo funsani dokotala kuti akupatseni upangiri.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Urothelium ndi nembanemba yofunika kwambiri yomwe imateteza thupi ku majeremusi ndi zinthu zina zoopsa mkati mwa mkodzo wanu.
- Nembanemba iyi ili ndi zigawo zitatu, ndipo gawo lililonse limagwira ntchito yakeyake.
- Musanyalanyaze magazi omwe ali mu mkodzo (hematuria). Funsani dokotala nthawi yomweyo ngati muwona izi.
- Kusuta fodya ndi chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa khansa ya m'mimba.
- Ngati muli ndi ululu uliwonse, kutentha, kapena zizindikiro zina zachilendo zokhudzana ndi mkodzo wanu, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za izi momasuka.
💬 Comments (0)
No comments yet. Be the first to share your thoughts here.
Add Your Comment