Mtima wathu ndi chiwalo chomwe chimagwira ntchito ngati pampu yodabwitsa. Mkati mwa pampu iyi, muli zipata zazing'ono zomwe zimathandiza magazi kuyenda mbali imodzi yokha. Timatcha ma valve amtima awa. Tangoganizani zomwe zimachitika ngati chimodzi mwa zipata izi sichikutsegulidwa bwino, chatsekedwa, kapena chachepa? Kenako mtima uyenera kugwira ntchito molimbika kuti upompe magazi. Timatcha izi kukhala stenosis ya matenda. Lero tikulankhula za njira yochiritsira yosavuta kwambiri kuti valavu yotsekedwayo igwirenso ntchito bwino, kutanthauza kuti, kuti potsekeka pake pakhalepo kwakukulu.
Mwachidule, kodi valvuloplasty ndi chiyani?
Valvuloplasty ndi njira yodziwika bwino yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukulitsa kutseguka kwa valavu yamtima yopapatiza kapena yotsekeka. Ndi yosavuta kwambiri. Dokotala wanu adzagwiritsa ntchito chubu chaching'ono, chopyapyala chotchedwa catheter. Kumapeto kwa chubu ichi kuli ndi baluni yaying'ono yolumikizidwa nayo.
Izi zimatchedwanso Balloon Valvuloplasty . Chifukwa chake, chubu chooneka ngati baluni ichi chimadutsa mumtsempha umodzi wamagazi anu kupita ku valavu yopapatiza mumtima mwanu. Kenako, valavu ikadzaza madzi, imatsegula valavu yopapatiza ndikuikulitsa. Njira ikatha, valavu imatuluka madzi ndipo chubucho chimachotsedwa. Zosavuta kwambiri, eti?
Nthawi zina izi zimatchedwa "valvotomy." Komabe, dzina limenelo nthawi zina limagwiritsidwa ntchito pa opaleshoni ya baluni iyi komanso pa opaleshoni yokulitsa valavu pogwiritsa ntchito opaleshoni yotsegula mtima. Komabe, mu "valvuloplasty" yomwe tikukamba lero, palibe kudula kwakukulu komwe kumachitika.
Kodi mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda otani?
Chithandizochi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pakukulitsa valavu ya mtima yomwe yachepa (stenosis). Izi zitha kuchitika pa valavu iliyonse yayikulu inayi mumtima mwathu. Komabe, chithandizochi nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochepetsa valavu ya mitral ndi valavu ya aortic .
Ganizirani izi motere. Nthawi zina izi zimachitika ngati yankho la kanthawi kochepa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, mukatha chithandizochi, mutha kupeza mpumulo kwa kanthawi, kenako mungafunike kuchitidwa opaleshoni kuti muyike valavu yatsopano (Valve replacement).
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti valvuloplasty si njira yatsopano yosamutsira valavu ya mtima. Imangokonza valavu yomwe ilipo ndikukulitsa kutsegula kwake.
Kodi ndiyenera kukonzekera bwanji ndisanalandire chithandizo?
Dokotala wanu adzakupatsani malangizo omveka bwino a momwe mungakonzekerere izi. Nthawi zambiri, muyenera kuchita izi:
- Musadye kapena kumwa chilichonse kuyambira usiku usanachitike chithandizo (kusala kudya).
- Ngati mukumwa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi (anticoagulants), muyenera kusiya kumwa mankhwalawa kwakanthawi, monga momwe dokotala wanu akukulangizirani.
- Chotsani zodzikongoletsera zachitsulo ndi mawotchi ndipo muzisiye kunyumba.
Mukapita kuchipatala, gulu lachipatala lidzakupatsani mankhwala ochepetsa ululu (anesthesia) kuti akuthandizeni kupumula. Nthawi zambiri, mudzakhala maso panthawi ya chithandizochi, koma simudzamva kupweteka kulikonse.
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani panthawi ya chithandizo?
Njira yopangira opaleshoni ya baluni ya valvuloplasty imachitidwa ndi dokotala wa mtima. Nthawi zambiri imatenga pafupifupi ola limodzi kapena kuposerapo. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zimachitika panthawiyi.
| Masitepe | Kufotokozera kosavuta kwa zomwe zikuchitika |
|---|---|
| 1. Kuyika chubu | Dokotala amaika chubu chaching'ono chotchedwa sheath mu mtsempha waukulu wamagazi womwe uli m'mimba mwanu, m'dzanja, kapena paphewa. |
| 2. Kutumiza katheta | Mkati mwa chubu chimenecho, katheta yokhala ndi chubu kumapeto imaperekedwa mosamala kudzera mu mtsempha wamagazi kupita kumtima. |
| 3. Kusamalira msewu | Kuti muwone bwino njira ya chubu ichi kudzera m'mitsempha yamagazi, mtundu wapadera wa 'utoto wosiyana' umabayidwa. Utoto uwu umapangitsa mkati mwa mitsempha kuwoneka bwino mukayang'ana ndi makina ngati X-ray. |
| 4. Kukwera kwa mabaluni | Katheta ikafika pamalo enieni a valavu yotsekedwa, baluniyo imadzazidwa ndi mpweya, womwe umatsegula valavu yotsekedwayo ndikuikulitsa. |
| 5. Kuchotsa chubu | Valavu ikatambasuka, baluni imatuluka madzi ndipo catheter ndi baluni zimachotsedwa mosamala. |
| 6. Kutseka bala | Malo omwe chubucho chinalowetsedwamo amatsekedwa ndi kusoka pang'ono kapena mtundu wapadera wa guluu wochita opaleshoni. |
Nthawi zina, ngati pali chiopsezo cha kutuluka magazi kapena ngati mukufunika kudikira mpaka mankhwala ochepetsa magazi atatha, chubu choyamba cholowetsedwa, chotchedwa 'sheath', chimasiyidwa pamalo pake kwa maola pafupifupi asanu ndi limodzi kenako nkuchotsedwa.
Kodi ubwino ndi zoopsa za chithandizochi ndi ziti?
Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi chithandizo chilichonse chamankhwala, pali ubwino ndi zoopsa zake. Dokotala wanu adzakufotokozerani izi mwatsatanetsatane kutengera matenda anu.
| Ubwino | Zoopsa zomwe zingachitike |
|---|---|
| Kuyenda kwa magazi kumapita bwino ndipo mtima umakhala ndi ntchito yochepa yoti ugwire popompa magazi. | Kutupa kwa utoto. |
| Zingatheke kuchedwetsa kapena kupewa opaleshoni yosintha ma valavu. | Kupezeka kwa matenda opatsirana. |
| Mukhoza kuchira msanga kuposa opaleshoni ya mtima. | Kutuluka magazi. |
| Sizimasiya chilonda chachikulu pathupi. | Kuwonongeka kwa mtsempha wamagazi kapena mtima. |
| Chiwopsezo cha mavuto ndi chochepa. | Kutuluka kwa valavu. |
| Ululu ndi wochepa kwambiri. | Kenako valavu imachepanso. |
| Kusakhazikika kwa kugunda kwa mtima. | |
| Matenda a mtima kapena sitiroko (osowa kwambiri) |
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani mukalandira chithandizo?
Chithandizo chikatha, mudzasamutsidwira kumalo ochiritsira. Bandeji idzaikidwa pomwe panayikidwa catheter.
- Ngati catheter idayikidwa kudzera m'chiuno, muyenera kusunga mwendo wanu wowongoka kwa maola angapo. Nthawi zambiri muyenera kukhala pabedi kwa maola awiri mpaka asanu ndi limodzi.
- Mudzauzidwa kuti mumwe madzi ambiri . Izi zidzakuthandizani kuchotsa utoto womwe unayikidwa m'thupi lanu kudzera mu mkodzo.
- Ngati mukufuna kukodza muli pabedi, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chapadera (mkodzo/bedi) kuti muchite zimenezo.
- Pambuyo pa maola angapo mudzatha kudzuka ndikuyenda.
- Anthu ambiri amatha kubwerera kunyumba tsiku lotsatira .
Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti munthu achire?
Izi zimadalira zinthu zingapo, monga thanzi lanu lonse komanso vuto la mtima.
- Muyenera kupewa kuchita zinthu zolemetsa monga kugwira ntchito ndi kusambira kwa masiku asanu kapena asanu ndi awiri .
- Anthu ambiri amatha kubwerera kuntchito pakatha pafupifupi sabata imodzi . Komabe, ngati ntchito yanu ikufuna kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti mupumule kwakanthawi.
- Zingatenge milungu pafupifupi 8 kuti mubwerere ku moyo wanu watsiku ndi tsiku.
- Mudzapemphedwa kuti mudzabwerenso kudzakupimidwa pakatha miyezi itatu kapena isanu ndi umodzi mutalandira chithandizo. Pambuyo pake, nthawi zambiri muyenera kukaonana ndi dokotala kamodzi pachaka.
Ndiyenera kuyimbira dokotala nthawi yanji?
Mukapita kunyumba mukatha kulandira chithandizo, samalani kwambiri thupi lanu. Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi, musachedwe ndipo funsani dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
| Zizindikiro zadzidzidzi zomwe muyenera kuzisamala | |
|---|---|
| - Kupweteka pachifuwa | - Kumva kuzizira komanso kutentha thupi |
| - Kukomoka / Kusanza | - Madzi kapena kutuluka magazi kuchokera pamalo obayira |
| - Kusanza kapena kusanza | - Kuwonjezeka kwa ululu kapena kutupa |
| - Kulemera kumawonjezeka ndi makilogalamu oposa 1.5 (mapaundi atatu) patsiku limodzi (izi zitha kukhala chizindikiro cha kusunga madzi m'thupi) | |
Ponena za opaleshoni ya mtima, ndi zachilendo kumva mantha pang'ono, ngakhale si opaleshoni yotseguka. Valvuloplasty ndi njira yabwino yochedwetsera kufunikira kwa valavu yatsopano. Koma si njira imodzi yokha yochizira. Ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza opaleshoni ya baluni, musazengereze kufunsa dokotala wanu.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Valvuloplasty ndi njira yosavuta, yosavulaza yomwe imakulitsa valavu yamtima yopapatiza pogwiritsa ntchito baluni.
- Izi sizikutanthauza kukhazikitsa valavu yatsopano, koma kukonza valavu yomwe ilipo kale.
- Ubwino waukulu ndi kuchira msanga, kupweteka pang'ono, komanso zipsera zochepa poyerekeza ndi opaleshoni ya mtima.
- Ngati mukumva zizindikiro monga kupweteka pachifuwa, kutentha thupi, kapena kutupa kwambiri mutalandira chithandizo, dziwitsani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo.
- Kambiranani momasuka ndi dokotala wanu wa mtima ngati chithandizochi chili choyenera kwa inu komanso ubwino wake ndi zoopsa zake.
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