Kodi muli ndi vuto ngati ili ndi mtsempha wamagazi m'khosi mwanu? (Kuduladula kwa mtsempha wamagazi) Tiyeni tiphunzire za izi.

Kodi munayamba mwamvapo kupsinjika pakhosi panu, mutu, kapena mwadzidzidzi kuona zinthu ziwiri m'diso limodzi? Ngakhale izi zingawoneke ngati zinthu zosavuta, nthawi zina pangakhale china chake chachikulu kumbuyo kwake. Chimodzi mwa zinthu zimenezi chomwe tikambirane lero ndi ``Vertebral Artery Dissection``.

Kodi Kugawanika kwa Mitsempha ya Vertebral ndi Chiyani?

Mwachidule, izi zimachitika pamene mtsempha waukulu kumbuyo kwa khosi lanu, m'mphepete mwa msana wanu, womwe umanyamula magazi kupita ku ubongo wanu - wotchedwa vertebral artery - umatuluka mkati. Monga nsalu yong'ambika, gawo limodzi kapena angapo a khoma la mtsempha amatha kung'ambika. Ichi ndi chifukwa chosowa cha sitiroko mwa achinyamata , osakwana zaka 45, osati anthu okalamba.

Ndiye kodi mtsempha wa msana uwu ndi chiyani?

Tangoganizirani, kumbuyo kwa khosi lanu, pali mitsempha iwiri yamagazi yomwe imayendetsa msana wanu. Timaitcha kuti mitsempha ya msana. Ntchito yawo yayikulu ndikupereka magazi oyera, okhala ndi mpweya ku ubongo wanu ndi msana wanu . Zili ngati chitoliro cha madzi, koma ndi zovuta kwambiri kuposa pamenepo.

Mtsempha uwu uli ndi zigawo zitatu zazikulu:

• Intima : Iyi ndi gawo lamkati kwambiri, lomwe lili pafupi kwambiri ndi kayendedwe ka magazi.
• Nkhani : Iyi ndi gawo lapakati. Limathandiza kuti magazi aziyenda mbali imodzi.
• Adventitia : Ichi ndi gawo lakunja kwambiri. Ndicho chimapatsa mtsempha wamagazi mawonekedwe ndi mphamvu zake.

Kodi kudulaku kumakhudza bwanji thanzi lanu?

Tangoganizirani, monga ndanenera, pamene gawo lamkati la mtsempha wamagazi likung'ambika, magazi amayamba kutuluka pakati pa zigawo ziwiri zotchedwa intima ndi media. Kenako magazi amatha kusonkhana pamenepo ndi kutupa ngati baluni yaying'ono. Magazi osonkhanitsidwawa amatha kumamatira pamenepo ndikupanga magazi kuundana . Kuundana kwa magazi kumeneku kumatha kulepheretsa kuyenda kwa magazi mkati mwa mtsempha wamagazi, ndipo kumatha kuwuletsa kwathunthu. Mtsempha wamagazi ukhozanso kutupa (kukula).

Chotsatira choopsa kwambiri cha izi ndi sitiroko :

• Ischemic stroke : Izi zimachitika pamene magazi oundana amakhala aakulu mokwanira kutsekereza magazi kupita ku ubongo kwathunthu kapena pang'ono. Nthawi zina, chidutswa cha magazi oundanacho chingasweke ndikuyenda m'magazi kupita ku ubongo ndikukhazikika mumtsempha waung'ono.
• Kutupa kwa magazi : Izi zimachitika pamene zigawo zonse zitatu za khoma la mtsempha wamagazi zang'ambika. Kenako magazi amayamba kutuluka m'mitsempha yamagazi, m'malo mopita muubongo. Ngati kung'ambikaku kukupita mkati mwa ubongo, magazi amatha kutuluka m'malo ozungulira ubongo - timatcha kutuluka magazi kwa subarachnoid - kapena kumatha kutuluka magazi m'thupi la ubongo.

Ndani amene ali ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza vertebral artery dissection?

Anthu ena akhoza kudwala matendawa popanda chifukwa chomveka. Komabe, ngati muli ndi matenda enaake, mungakhale pachiwopsezo chachikulu chodwala matendawa. Onani ngati zinthuzi zikukukhudzaninso:

• Kusuta : Ichi ndi chinthu chomwe chimatsegula chitseko cha matenda ambiri.
• Matenda ena a majini : Mwachitsanzo , cystic medial necrosis , Ehlers-Danlos syndrome , Marfan syndrome , ndi osteogenesis imperfecta zingayambitse kufooka kwa makoma a mitsempha yamagazi.
• Fibromuscular dysplasia : Iyi ndi matenda omwe maselo osazolowereka amakula m'mitsempha yamagazi.
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi : Kuthamanga kwa magazi, makamaka m'mitsempha yolumikiza mapapo ndi mtima (kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mitsempha).
• Matenda a impso a Polycystic : Matenda omwe ma cysts amapangika mu impso.
• Vasculitis : Kutupa kwa mitsempha yamagazi.

Kodi pali zinthu zina zomwe zingakubweretsereni mavuto?

Inde, ndithudi. Kusweka kumeneku kungachitikenso chifukwa cha kuvulala kwina kwa khosi. Izi zitha kuchitika makamaka khosi likadali pamalo otambasuka kwambiri kapena khosi likasunthika mwadzidzidzi . Ganizirani zinthu ngati izi:

• Ngozi za magalimoto.
• Mankhwala ena a pakhosi, monga kusintha kwa chiropractic ndi kupukusa khosi m'thupi, angathandize. Komabe, izi sizingagwire ntchito kwa aliyense, ndipo pali zoopsa.
• Kutsegula mamina mwa kukumbatira nsagwada zanu mokweza.
• Mukamachita yoga, khosi limakwezedwa mmwamba ndikutembenuzidwa kwa nthawi yayitali.
• Zili ngati kupaka denga, kugwira ntchito mosalekeza ndi khosi lanu litapindika.
• Chithandizo cha mtima ndi kupuma movutikira (CPR) ndi chithandizo chomwe chimaperekedwa ngati mtima wasiya kugwira ntchito mwadzidzidzi.
• Kutsinya mokweza.
• Kusanza.
• Masewera obetcha (`Kulimbana`).
• Kunyamula zinthu zolemera kwambiri.
• China chilichonse chomwe chingayambitse kuvulala kwa khosi.

Kodi sitiroko ingathenso kuchitika chifukwa cha kusweka kwa mitsempha ina?

Inde, pamene mtsempha wa m'khosi mwanu wang'ambika, nthawi zambiri timautcha kuti kung'ambika kwa mtsempha wa m'khosi . Izi zikuphatikizapo mitsempha ya m'khosi yomwe takambirana kumene, komanso mitsempha iwiri ya carotid yomwe imayenda kutsogolo kwa khosi mwanu. Ngati mitsempha iliyonse mwa iyi yasokonekera, imatha kuletsa kuyenda kwa magazi kupita ku ubongo, zomwe zimayambitsa sitiroko .

Kodi chiopsezo chenicheni cha sitiroko ndi chiyani?

Kunena zoona, izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kusweka kwa mitsempha ya msana kapena ya carotid.Chiwopsezo chonse cha sitiroko ndi chochepa. Siroko ya Ischemic imapanga pafupifupi 2% ya sitiroko zonse. Siroko zambiri za ischemic zimayamba chifukwa cha matenda otchedwa atherosclerosis . Izi zimachitika pamene makoma a mitsempha yamagazi amakhuthala ndi kupapatiza chifukwa cha zinthu zina zoopsa, monga kusuta fodya, kuthamanga kwa magazi, cholesterol yambiri, ndi matenda a shuga.

Koma nayi mfundo yofunika: Kusweka kwa mitsempha ya m'chiuno ndi chifukwa chachikulu cha sitiroko mwa achinyamata ndi azaka zapakati. Kungayambitse sitiroko mpaka 25%, kapena chimodzi mwa zinayi, m'gulu lino.

Kodi zizindikiro za kusweka kwa mitsempha ya msana ndi ziti?

Poyamba simungaone zizindikiro zilizonse. Koma ngati mtsempha wamagazi waphulika kapena magazi kuundana atseka kuyenda kwa magazi kupita ku ubongo, mutha kuwona zizindikiro za sitiroko .

Dziwani makhalidwe awa:

• Ataxia : Kulephera kugwira ntchito bwino poyenda kapena kuyimirira, kulephera kuchita bwino ntchito.
• Chizungulire.
• Kutaya kumva.
• Kuona kawiri.
• Kupweteka kwa khosi (nthawi zambiri mbali imodzi).
• Mutu waukulu.
• Kulankhula movutikira (Dysarthria).
• Vertigo - Kumva ngati ukuzungulira.

Kodi mumadziwa bwanji ngati muli ndi vertebral artery dissection?

Mayeso abwino kwambiri oti mudziwe zomwe zikuchitika ndi magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) . Izi zimaphatikiza MRI scan ndi njira yotchedwa angiography kuti ijambule zithunzi zomveka bwino za mitsempha yanu ya msana. Izi zimathandiza madokotala kudziwa mwachangu komwe kuswekako kuli, kuchuluka kwake, komanso nthawi yayitali bwanji.

Komabe, mayeso a MRA awa sapezeka kulikonse ndipo ndi ovuta kuchita. Chifukwa chake, madokotala nthawi zambiri amazindikira vutoli pogwiritsa ntchito CT scan (`Computed Tomography - CT scan`) kapena CT angiography (`CT angiography`) . Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala pakati pa mayeso oyamba omwe amachitika munthu akalowa m'thupi.

Nthawi zina, dokotala wanu angakulangizeninso angiography yachikhalidwe . Izi zimaphatikizapo kuyika chubu chopyapyala, chachitali (catheter) kudzera m'dzanja lanu kapena m'mimba mwanu, kubaya utoto wapadera (utoto wosiyana), ndikujambula zithunzi za X-ray kuti muwone momwe magazi akuyenderera mkati mwa mtsempha wamagazi, kukula kwa kusweka, ndi komwe kwavulala.

Kodi izi zimachiritsidwa bwanji?

Nthawi zambiri, matenda otupa amenewa amatha okha pakapita nthawi. Komabe, kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha magazi kuundana, mungapatsidwe mankhwala ochepetsa magazi.Izi ndi mankhwala oyambira. Mwachitsanzo, aspirin , mankhwala ena (monga Plavix®) , heparin mu mawonekedwe amadzimadzi, kapena mapiritsi a warfarin angaperekedwe.

Komabe, ngati kung'ambika kwafalikira kwambiri muubongo, kapena ngati mwakhala ndi sitiroko yotuluka magazi , sikungakhale bwino kupereka mankhwala ochepetsa magazi awa. Dokotala wanu angakulangizeni mankhwala ena.

Kodi mungachite chiyani ngati chithandizo chamankhwala wamba sichikuyenda bwino?

Ngati zimenezo zitachitika, mungafunike kuchitidwa opaleshoni. Njira zimenezi zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwa anthu omwe adadwala sitiroko yotuluka magazi .

Njira zochotsera mitsempha ya msana ndi izi:

• Kutulutsa magazi m'mitsempha ya m'mimba : Monga tanenera kale, machubu opyapyala (ma catheter) amalowetsedwa kudzera m'dzanja kapena m'mimba, m'dera la kung'ambika, ndipo mankhwala otulutsa magazi amalowetsedwa kapena ma coil ang'onoang'ono achitsulo amalowetsedwa. Gawo losazolowereka la mtsempha wamagazi limatsekedwa ndi chinthu ichi kapena ma coil. Izi zimaletsa magazi kuyenda kudzera mmenemo.
• Angioplasty : Izi zimaphatikizaponso kugwiritsa ntchito machubu opyapyala (catheters) kuti apite pamalo odulidwa ndikudzaza baluni yapadera kuti akonze gawo losweka la mtsempha.
• Kupaka stent mkati mwa mutu : Izi zimaphatikizaponso kulowetsa chubu chopyapyala (catheter) m'dera la kung'ambika ndikuyika chipangizo chachitsulo chonga mesh (chotchedwa stent) mkati mwa mtsempha wamagazi. Izi zimalimbitsa khoma la mtsempha wamagazi. Izi sizichitika kwa aliyense, koma kwa odwala osankhidwa okha. Nthawi zambiri, madokotala amachita angioplasty ndi stent pamodzi.
• Opaleshoni : Kwa iwo omwe sangathe kuchita opaleshoni ya endovascular yomwe yatchulidwa pamwambapa, opaleshoni ingafunike. Pa opaleshoni, madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito zingwe zazing'ono zachitsulo kuti atseke gawo losazolowereka la mtsempha wamagazi.

Kodi anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli amachira bwanji?

Anthu ambiri amachira kwathunthu . Komabe, mungakhalebe pachiwopsezo chotenga matenda ofanana mtsogolo. Koma chiopsezo chimenecho chimachepa pakapita nthawi.

Kodi zimakhala bwanji kukhala ndi mtsempha wa msana wosweka?

Madokotala adzakuyang'anirani nthawi zonse mpaka mutatsimikiza kuti mwachira kwathunthu. Nthawi zambiri, mudzachitidwa magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) miyezi itatu kapena isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse.Mudzafunsidwa kuti muyesedwe. Mudzafunikanso kupitiriza kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi panthawiyi. Anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chodulidwa magazi mtsogolo adzafunika kuonana ndi madokotala awo kwa zaka zambiri kuti akalandire upangiri ('chisamaliro chotsatira').

Kodi sindiyenera kuchita chiyani ndikachotsa mitsempha ya msana?

Mungathe kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, koma muyenera kupewa zinthu monga:

• Maseŵero olimbitsa thupi omwe amachitidwa poika thupi lanu m'manja mwanu, monga ma push-up ndi ma pull-up.
• Kunyamula zolemera zoposa mapaundi 25-30 (pafupifupi makilogalamu 11-13.5).
• Kukweza zolemera pamwamba pa mutu.
• Lumikizanani ndi masewera.
• Kukwera maulendo othamanga kwambiri ngati ma roller coaster.
• Dokotala wa chiropractic akukhudza mutu/khosi lanu.
• Kusisita khosi mwamphamvu.
• Zinthu monga kudumphira m'madzi.
• Zochita zina zomwe zimawonjezera/kuchepetsa liwiro mwadzidzidzi.
• Malo a "plank" ('malo a plank'). (Koma kupatula apo, palibe vuto pochita yoga kapena Pilates, bola ngati sizikukakamiza khosi).
• Pewani kuchita chilichonse chomwe chimayambitsa khosi kubwerera m'mbuyo mwadzidzidzi (kuvulala kwa whiplash), kapena kuchita chilichonse chomwe chimayambitsa khosi kupita mmwamba mosalekeza (hyperextension).

Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba

Kung'ambika kwa mtsempha wa msana ndi kung'ambika kwa khoma la mtsempha wamagazi kumbuyo kwa khosi lanu. Sizimayambitsa sitiroko nthawi zambiri. Koma ngati zitatero, chithandizo chachangu (nthawi zambiri mankhwala ochepetsa magazi kapena opaleshoni) chingapulumutse moyo wanu. Chithandizo chamankhwala komanso kuyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala nthawi zonse kungathandize anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli kupewa mavuto. Chifukwa chake, ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zilizonse zomwe zatchulidwa m'nkhaniyi, chonde funsani upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Ndicho chinthu chofunikira kwambiri.

Kuduladula kwa mtsempha wa msana , sitiroko, ziwalo zopuwala, kupweteka kwa khosi, mutu, chizungulire, kuphulika kwa mitsempha yamagazi