Kodi zinthu zomwe munkasangalala nazo sizilinso ndi tanthauzo lililonse? Tiyeni tikambirane za Anhedonia!

Tangoganizirani, zomwe munkasangalala nazo ndi kuchita… mwina kupita paulendo ndi anzanu, kuonera kanema wabwino, kuchita dimba pang'ono, kapena kudya chakudya chomwe mumakonda. Koma tsopano simukumva chisangalalo chilichonse, chisangalalo chilichonse, kapena 'kukhutira' ndi chilichonse mwa zinthu zimenezo? Nanga bwanji ngati zinthu zimenezo sizikumvekanso 'zosangalatsa' kwa inu? Ndicho chimene madokotala amati anhedonia. Mwachidule, kutaya mphamvu yosangalala.

Kodi Anhedonia ndi chiyani kwenikweni?

Anhedonia imatanthauza "kusowa chisangalalo." Ndi chizindikiro chofala cha kuvutika maganizo ndi matenda ena amisala. Ndipotu, pafupifupi anthu asanu ndi awiri mwa khumi omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu la kuvutika maganizo (MDD) ali ndi anhedonia. Nthawi zambiri timadziwa kuti chisangalalo ndi chiyani, ndipo timasangalala ndi zinthu zina. Koma izi zikachitika, chisangalalocho chimatha. Kale munkakonda kudya chokoleti kapena kumvetsera nyimbo. Tsopano mutha kupeza kuti kuchita zinthu zimenezo kumakupangitsani kukhala osasangalala. Simungadziwe chifukwa chake. Munthu amene ali ndi vuto la anhedonia angaganize kuti ubwenzi ndi ubale wa m'banja ndi wofunika, koma sangamve chisangalalo, kapena 'mphoto', zomwe zimachokera ku zinthu zimenezo, kotero angaganize kuti palibe chifukwa chogwirira ntchito mwakhama.

Kodi pali mitundu ikuluikulu ya anhedonia?

Inde, tikulankhula za mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya anhedonia. Palinso mitundu ina yochepa. Tiyeni tiwone izi patebulo.

Mitundu ina yapadera

• Anhedonia Yoyembekezera: Kusowa chiyembekezo chilichonse cha chisangalalo pa chinthu chosangalatsa (monga ulendo) chomwe chikubwera. Kulephera kusangalala nacho ngakhale mutadziwa kuti chidzakhala chosangalatsa.
• Kusasangalala ndi zochita zina panthawiyo. Kusasangalala polankhula ndi mnzanu.
• Anhedonia ya Nyimbo: Kulephera kusangalala ndi nyimbo, nyimbo, kapena kamvekedwe kake . Nyimbo imamveka ngati phokoso chabe, popanda kukhudzidwa mtima kulikonse.
• Anhedonia Yotulutsa Ukazi: Iyi ndi matenda enieni okhudzana ndi kugonana omwe mungakumane ndi kutopa panthawi yogonana koma osasangalala nawo.

N’chifukwa chiyani izi zikuchitika? Kodi zifukwa zake ndi ziti?

Ngakhale kuti anhedonia ndi chizindikiro chachikulu cha kuvutika maganizo, pali zinthu zina zingapo zomwe zingayambitse vutoli. Mutha kukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga anhedonia ngati muli ndi matenda awa:

• Kuvutika maganizo
Matenda ena amisala monga schizophrenia , bipolar disorder , ndi post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
• Matenda a mitsempha monga matenda a Parkinson
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena mowa
• Ululu wosatha

Mwasayansi, anhedonia imayamba chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa ma circuits osangalatsa ndi mphotho muubongo wathu . Akatswiri ambiri amakhulupirira kuti chifukwa chachikulu ndi kuchepa kwa ntchito ya mankhwala muubongo otchedwa dopamine . Dopamine ndi hormone "yomwe imatipangitsa kukhala osangalala, okhutira, komanso olimbikitsidwa. Dongosolo la dopamine ili likasokonekera, sitikhala ndi chisangalalo chochuluka.

Kodi inunso muli ndi makhalidwe amenewa?

Anhedonia imamveka ngati malo opanda kanthu. Kumene kale kunali chimwemwe, tsopano pakhoza kukhala kumverera kwachisoni, kusowa kwa malingaliro. Ngakhale zinthu zabwino sizimveka bwino. Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino ndi izi:

• Kusanza
• Kutaya chidwi ndi zinthu zomwe munkakonda kuchita
• Kudzipatula kwa ena ndi kupewa zinthu zosangalatsa
• Kuvuta kupanga zisankho
• Kukhala wachisoni nthawi zonse, wopanda chiyembekezo, kapena wotopa
• Kusasamala (kusowa chidwi kapena chilimbikitso chochita chilichonse)
• Mavuto ogona komanso chilakolako chogonana chochepa

Zizindikiro zimenezi sizifanana kwa aliyense. Kwa anthu ena zimabwera n’kutha kwa kanthawi, pomwe kwa ena zimakhala zosatha.

Kodi dokotala amapeza bwanji izi?

Mukafotokoza zizindikiro izi, dokotala wanu adzayamba wafufuza ngati muli ndi vuto la kuvutika maganizo. Adzafufuzanso matenda ena amthupi omwe angayambitse zizindikirozi. Kuti muchite izi,

• Mudzafunsidwa mafunso angapo okhudza momwe mukumvera komanso zizindikiro zanu.
• Kuyezetsa magazi kungachitike kuti muwone ngati vitamini D kapena mahomoni a chithokomiro ali otsika.
• Thanzi lanu lakuthupi lidzawunikidwa.
• Nthawi zina mungagwiritsenso ntchito mafunso apadera (mafunso) opangidwa kuti ayesere kuchuluka kwa chimwemwe chanu.

Zonsezi zimachitika kuti mudziwe bwino vuto lanu ndikusankha chithandizo choyenera kwambiri.

Kodi mankhwala ochizira izi ndi otani?

Popeza anhedonia ndi chizindikiro, chinthu chofunika kwambiri pochiza matendawa ndikupeza chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli. Ndondomeko ya chithandizo nthawi zambiri imakhala yophatikiza mankhwala ndi mankhwala olankhula.

Mankhwala

Mankhwala ena oletsa kuvutika maganizo angathandize. Makamaka, mankhwala omwe amakhudza kuchuluka kwa dopamine muubongo, monga bupropion (Wellbutrin), awonetsedwa kuti ndi othandiza kwa odwala ena. Kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kuti mankhwala achikhalidwe a SSRI sakhudza kwambiri vutoli, ndipo amatha kufooketsa malingaliro. Chifukwa chake dokotala wanu adzasankha mankhwala omwe ali abwino kwa inu. Nthawi zina omwe sayankha mankhwala ena, mankhwala atsopano, monga ketamine therapy, akufufuzidwanso.

Chithandizo cha Kulankhula

Ichi ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pa njira yochiritsira.

• Chithandizo cha Maganizo (CBT): Izi zimakuthandizani kuzindikira ndikusintha malingaliro anu oipa. Izi zimakupatsani mwayi wotsutsa malingaliro omwe akukulepheretsani kukhala ndi chisangalalo.
• Kuyambitsa Khalidwe: Katswiri wa zamaganizo amakulimbikitsani kuti pang'onopang'ono muyambe kuchita zinthu zomwe munkakonda kale, ngakhale simukufuna kuzichita. Mukayamba kuzolowera pang'onopang'ono, mungayambenso kusangalala nazo.

Mankhwala ena akuphatikizapo electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) ndi transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS).

Zoopsa ngati sizikuthandizidwa

Anhedonia si vuto losowa chisangalalo chokha. Ngati siliperekedwa, likhoza kukhudza kwambiri moyo wanu.

• Kulephera kwa kulumikizana:Kukhala ndi nthawi ndi anzanu komanso abale kungakhale kovuta chifukwa simukusangalala. Izi zingapangitse kuti pang'onopang'ono musakhale ndi aliyense.
• Kudzipatula: Pakhoza kukhala mantha kapena kusafuna kukumana ndi anthu ndikuchita nawo zinthu zina.
• Kuipiraipira kwa matenda amisala: Anhedonia ikhoza kuipitsa matenda monga kuvutika maganizo.
• Maganizo odzipha: Ili ndi vuto lalikulu kwambiri . Pali mgwirizano wamphamvu pakati pa anhedonia ndi maganizo odzipha.

Anhedonia si matenda okhalitsa. Amatha kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu ndi chithandizo choyenera. Chifukwa chake, ngati muli ndi zizindikiro, ndikofunikira kwambiri kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala mwachangu momwe mungathere. Anhedonia, anhedonia, kuvutika maganizo, dopamine, thanzi la maganizo