Absinthe si chakumwa choledzeretsa wamba - malinga ndi nthano zozungulira. Chakumwa ichi, chomwe chimadziwika bwino kuti "green fairy" chifukwa cha mtundu wake wobiriwira, chimadziwika kuti chimayambitsa ziwonetsero ndi kutaya chidziwitso. Ena amati anthu omwe amamwa chakumwachi achita misala, akupha anthu, komanso achita zinthu zoopsa kwambiri. Nkhani ngati izi zapatsa absinthe mantha achinsinsi komanso owopsa. Tiyeni tiwone lero, kodi pali chowonadi chilichonse pankhaniyi? Kodi absinthe ndi chinthu chosiyana kwambiri komanso choopsa kuposa zakumwa zina zoledzeretsa?
Kodi Absinthe ndi chiyani kwenikweni?
Mwachidule, absinthe ndi chakumwa choledzeretsa kwambiri chopangidwa kuchokera ku zomera zosiyanasiyana. Chimapangidwa makamaka kuchokera ku masamba ndi maluwa a chomera cha nyongolotsi (dzina la sayansi `Artemisia absinthium`). Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu monga `fennel` ndi `anise` zimawonjezedwanso.
Choopsa kwambiri pa izi ndi kuchuluka kwa mowa m'thupi la absinthe . Nthawi zambiri, kuchuluka kwa mowa m'thupi la absinthe kumakhala pakati pa 45% mpaka 74%. Koma nthawi zina mumatha kupeza kuti absinthe ili ndi mowa wochuluka mpaka 89%. Taganizirani izi, kuchuluka kwa mowa m'zakumwa zoledzeretsa zomwe nthawi zambiri timazidziwa monga vodka kapena whiskey ndi pafupifupi 40%. Chifukwa chake, poyerekeza ndi zimenezo, kodi mungaganizire momwe absinthe ilili yamphamvu? Chifukwa cha kuuma kwake kwakukulu, ngati mumwa absinthe, muyenera kuisakaniza ndi madzi (sakanizani).
Kodi absinthe imapangidwa bwanji?
Mwachikhalidwe, absinthe imapangidwa kuchokera ku zitsamba zouma ndi mbozi. Chisakanizo cha zitsambachi chimaphwanyidwa ndikusungunuka. Madzi omwe amatuluka amakhala madzi opanda mtundu wokhala ndi mowa wapakati pa 60% ndi 80%. Kenako mbozi zambiri ndi zitsamba zina zimawonjezedwa kuti zikhale ndi mtundu wobiriwira wosiyana. Pomaliza, zimachepetsedwa ndi madzi kuti zikhale zosavuta kumwa.
Ngakhale pali malingaliro osiyanasiyana okhudza kukoma kwa absinthe, akuti absinthe yabwino iyenera kukhala ndi kukoma kowawa, kouma komanso kukoma kwa zitsamba zovuta.
Mbiri yachilendo ya absinthe
Chowawa chakhala chikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala kuyambira chisanagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga absinthe. Absinthe yokha idapangidwa ngati mankhwala. Koma chifukwa cha "kick" yake, posakhalitsa idatchuka ngati chakumwa choledzeretsa. Mbiri yake ndi yosangalatsa komanso yosokoneza.
| Chaka | Chochitika |
|---|---|
| 1789 | Dokotala Pierre Ordinaire, dokotala wa ku France, ndiye anapanga njira yoyamba yopangira absinthe yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala. |
| Zaka za m'ma 1840 | Absinthe imagulitsidwa ngati chakumwa choledzeretsa ku France. |
| 1850 - 1890 | Chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zapamwamba komanso mtengo wake wotsika, zinatchuka kwambiri pakati pa akatswiri ojambula aku Europe (monga Vincent van Gogh ndi Oscar Wilde). Nthawi yomweyo, madokotala ndi magulu otsutsa mowa anayesa kutsimikizira kuti chinali "chiwanda". |
| 1869 | Dokotala Valentin Magnan, adawonetsa mu zoyeserera kuti nyama zomwe zimapuma mafuta a nyongolotsi zimayamba kugwedezeka. Iye adatcha vutoli kuti "absinthism." Ananena kuti kuvulala komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha absinthe sikunali kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa, koma vuto lotchedwa "absinthism." |
| 1905 | Mwamuna wina ku Switzerland wakwiya kwambiri ndipo wapha mkazi wake ndi ana ake atamwa mowa wa absinthe. Nkhaniyi yayambitsa madandaulo ambiri oti absinthe aletsedwe ku Ulaya konse. |
| 1905 - 1915 | Absinthe ndi yoletsedwa m'maiko ambiri, kuphatikizapo United States ndi France. |
| Zaka za m'ma 1990 | Patatha zaka makumi ambiri, mayiko akuyamba kuganiziranso za chiletsochi. Akuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala otchedwa Thujone ndipo akulola kuti absinthe ipangidwe. |
Funso lofunika kwambiri: Kodi mumaganiza bwino mukamwa mowa wa absinthe?
Mwachidule, ayi.
Chifukwa chachikulu cha kusokonezeka maganizo kumeneku chinali chifukwa cha mankhwala osokoneza maganizo otchedwa `thujone` omwe amapezeka mu chomera cha nyongolotsi. Anthu ambiri ankaganiza kuti absinthe isanayambe kuletsedwa inali ndi `thujone` wambiri.
Komabe, kafukufuku wa 2008 adatsimikiza motsimikiza kuti zotsatira zachilendo za absinthe sizimayambitsidwa ndi thujone. Absinthe yakale kapena yatsopano ilibe thujone yokwanira kuyambitsa ziwonetsero. Ngakhale munthu atamwa lita imodzi ya absinthe, kuchuluka kwa thujone sikungayambitse ziwonetsero.
Ndiye ndani kwenikweni amene ali ndi mlandu?
Kafukufuku ameneyo adavumbulutsa chifukwa chenicheni cha vuto loopsa lotchedwa "absinthism." Ndi ethanol yomwe ili mu absinthe. Ethanol ndi dzina la mankhwala a mowa womwe tikukambawu.
Mwachidule, palibe chachilendo chomwe chimachitikira anthu akamwa mowa wa absinthe. Ndi poizoni woopsa wa mowa kapena zotsatirapo zoyipa za uchidakwa wopitirira muyeso zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mowa m'thupi.
Kuphatikiza apo, zina mwa zinthu zopanda kupanga za nthawi imeneyo mwina zinali ndi mankhwala oopsa monga methanol. Ma poizoni amenewa mwina anali ndi zotsatira zosiyanasiyana pa anthu.
Ndiye kodi zotsatira zenizeni za absinthe ndi zotani?
Monga momwe nkhani izi zikusonyezera, kumwa majekeseni angapo a absinthe lero sikungapangitse angelo obiriwira kubwera kudzalankhula nanu, kapena kukupangitsani misala. Chinthu chokha chomwe chidzachitike ndi ichi: mudzaledzera kwambiri .
Koma vuto ndilakuti, chifukwa chakuti ili ndi mowa wambiri, mutha kuledzera mwachangu kwambiri, mopitirira muyeso . Monga chakumwa chilichonse choledzeretsa, absinthe iyenera kumwedwa mosamala kwambiri. Kumwa mowa wambiri,
- Ngozi ndi kuvulala
- Kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso - Izi ndi ngozi zoopsa kwambiri . Zikatero, muyenera kupita ku chipatala cha Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) nthawi yomweyo.
- Kuledzera
- Kutaya kukumbukira
- Pomaliza, imfa ikhoza kuchitika.
Ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa akuvutika kuwongolera kumwa mowa, ndikofunikira kwambiri kulankhula ndi dokotala wa banja lanu za vutoli.
Kodi absinthe ndi yololedwa tsopano? Kodi ndi yotetezeka?
Inde, absinthe tsopano ndi yovomerezeka m'maiko ambiri. Pofika m'zaka za m'ma 2000, mayiko ambiri anali atachotsa chiletsocho. Komabe, m'maiko ena, monga ku United States, absinthe yokha yopanda `thujone` ndiyo yovomerezeka.
Yankho la funso loti ngati ndi lotetezeka lili ndi inu. Absinthe ndi yotetezeka ngati imwa pang'ono, moyenera, komanso nthawi zonse imachepetsedwa ndi madzi . Koma kumbukirani, chiopsezo nthawi zonse chimakhala chachikulu chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mowa.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Absinthe si chakumwa chamatsenga chomwe chimapanga matsenga. Ndi chakumwa choledzeretsa chochuluka kwambiri chomwe chili ndi mowa wambiri.
- Nkhani monga "wobiriwira" ndi matenda amisala nthawi zambiri zimakhala nthano chabe.
- Ngozi yeniyeni yokhudzana ndi absinthe si thujone yomwe ilimo, koma kuchuluka kwa mowa (ethanol).
- Zochitika zoopsa kwambiri zomwe zalembedwa m'mbiri mwina zinayambitsidwa ndi poizoni woopsa wa mowa kapena uchidakwa wopitirira muyeso.
- Ngati mumwa izi, ziyenera kuchitidwa mosamala kwambiri, pang'ono kwambiri, kuchepetsedwa bwino ndi madzi. Chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zambiri, chiopsezo cha poizoni wa mowa ndi kuledzera chimakhala chachikulu kwambiri.
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