Ese umwana wawe afite cholesterol nyinshi? (Cholesterol nyinshi ku bana) Reka tubiganireho!

Twese dukunze kuvuga kuri cholesterol mu bantu bakuru, ni ukuvuga urugero rw'ibinure mu maraso. Ariko se wari uzi ko n'abana bato bashobora kugira iki kibazo cya cholesterol? Mu by'ukuri, rimwe na rimwe gishobora kuba gikomeye gato. Rero, ntugahangayike. Uyu munsi, reka tuvuge ku cyo cholesterol nyinshi mu bana bato, cyangwa nk'uko abaganga babyita, `(Cholesterol nyinshi y'abana)`, ari cyo, impamvu ibaho, n'icyo twakora kuri byo.

Kolesteroli nyinshi bivuze iki ku bana bato?

Muri make, cholesterol nyinshi mu bana bivuze ko ingano ya cholesterol mu maraso y'umwana wawe iri hejuru y'ibisanzwe. Iyi cholesterol ni ubwoko bw'ibinure mu maraso yacu yitwa `(Lipides)`. Hariho kandi ubundi bwoko bw'ibinure bwitwa `(Triglycerides)`, bushobora no kuba bwinshi mu bana bamwe. Mu by'ukuri, umubiri wacu ukeneye bimwe muri ibi binure, kuko bifasha mu mikorere itandukanye y'umubiri. Ariko, ibibazo bivuka iyo byiyongera cyane.

Ubu ushobora kuba wibaza uti "Namenya nte ko umwana wanjye afite cholesterol nyinshi cyangwa triglycerides nyinshi?" Abaganga bakora isuzuma ry'amaraso kuri ibi. Byitwa "Lipid Panel." Iki kizamini gishobora kukubwira neza uko ibi binure bimeze. Wibuke ko cholesterol isanzwe mu bana bato itandukanye gato n'iy'abantu bakuru.

Dore urugero rw'ibinure rusanzwe, ruri hagati, n'urudasanzwe mu bana bato.

(Aha, ntabwo bikunze kubaho iyo ubwoko bwiza bwa cholesterol bwitwa cholesterol ya HDL bugabanutse gusa.)

| Ubwoko bwa lipide | mg/dL isanzwe | mg/dL isanzwe | mg/dL idasanzwe | mg/dL idasanzwe |

| :---------------------------------------------- | : ... | :--------------------------------------

| Kolesteroli yose | < 170 | 170 - 199 | ≥ 200 |

| Kolesteroli ya LDL ("kolesteroli mbi") | < 110 | 110 - 129 | ≥ 130 |

| Cholesterol ya HDL ("cholesterol nziza") | > 45 | 40 - 45 | < 40 |

| Triglycerides (imyaka 0-9) | < 75 | 75 - 99 | ≥ 100 |

| Triglycerides (imyaka 10-19) | < 90 | 90 - 129 | ≥ 130 |

Icy'ingenzi: Izi ndangagaciro zishobora guhinduka gato uko imyaka igenda ikura, bityo ni byiza kuvugana na muganga wawe kugira ngo umenye neza.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'uko umwana afite cholesterol nyinshi?

Akenshi, urugero rwa cholesterol nyinshi mu mwana ntirugaragaza ibimenyetso bigaragara . Iki ni cyo kintu kibi cyane. Ariko, iyo urugero rwa cholesterol ruri hejuru cyane, cyane cyane iyo rutewe n'impamvu z'uturemangingo, umwana ashobora guhura n'ibi bikurikira:

• Utubyimba tw'amavuta ku ruhu (Xanthoma) dufite ubwoya bwinshi
• Ishusho y'umuhondo, isa n'ibisebe ku jisho cyangwa hafi yaryo (Xanthelasma)
• Impeta y'umweru cyangwa imvi ikikije cornea (Corneal Arcus)

Niba ubonye ibimenyetso nk'ibi, ugomba guhita ubonana na muganga.

Kuki urugero rwa cholesterol mu mwana rwiyongera?

Hari impamvu nyinshi zishobora gutuma urugero rwa cholesterol mu mwana ruzamuka. Reka turebere hamwe izo mpamvu:

• Ibiryo n'ibinyobwa: Ubwoko bw'ibiribwa umwana arya, cyane cyane ibiryo birimo ibinure n'ibiryo biryoshye.
• Ingano y'imyitozo ngororamubiri: Ingano umwana yiruka, asimbuka, akina, kandi akora imyitozo ngororamubiri.
• Izindi ndwara: Indwara nk'umubyibuho ukabije, diyabete, n'indwara z'impyiko (Nephrotic Syndrome).
• Imiti: Hari imiti ishobora gutuma cholesterol yiyongera.
• Ingaruka z'uturemangingo: Uturemangingo twarazwe n'ababyeyi na two dushobora kuba impamvu ikomeye ibi.

Akenshi, abana bafite cholesterol nyinshi baba bafite amateka ya cholesterol nyinshi muri ba nyina cyangwa ba se, cyangwa bashobora kuba bafata imiti yo kugenzura cholesterol yabo.

Kolesteroli nyinshi iterwa n'impamvu zikomoka ku ngirabuzimafatizo

Genes igira uruhare runini muri iki kibazo. Reka turebe uko bikora.

Indwara ya hypercholesterolemia yo mu muryango (FH)

Iyi ni indwara iterwa n’uturemangingo. Icyaba ari uko umwana avuka afite cholesterol "mbi" nyinshi (LDL Cholesterol). Akenshi, iyi murage uvuka iyo umwe mu babyeyi ari we ufite iyo gene.

Umuganga ashobora gukeka ko umwana afite urugero rwa LDL rudasobanutse rwa 160 mg/dL cyangwa rurenga. Urugero rwa LDL rwa 130 mg/dL cyangwa rurenga ku mwana ufite ababyeyi bafite FH narwo ni impamvu iteye impungenge.

Impamvu za polygenetike

Hariho izindi mpamvu zikomoka ku ngirabuzimafatizo usibye `(FH)`. Umwana ufite impamvu ya `polygenic itera cholesterol nyinshi bivuze ko umwana akura gene nyinshi ku babyeyi bombi ziyongera urugero rwa `LDL`. Muri iki gihe, urugero rwa `LDL` rushobora kuba rwaragiye ruzamuka buhoro buhoro uko igihe kigenda gihita, kandi rushobora kutagaragara kugeza akiri muto. Nubwo izi mpamvu za ngirabuzimafatizo zongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara z'umutima, ntizirushaho kuba mbi nka `(FH)`. Abana bafite `(FH)` bakunze gutangira imiti mbere y'abana bafite impamvu za `polygenic.

Poroteyine ya Lipo (a)

`(Lipoprotein (a))` (bisobanurwa ngo "lipoprotein A nto") ni ubwoko bwihariye bwa cholesterol bushobora kuragwa n'ababyeyi ku bana. Abantu bafite urugero rwinshi rwa `(Lipoprotein (a))` bari mu kaga ko kurwara indwara z'imitsi ifata imitsi y'umutima. Bishobora kandi gutuma abana barwara indwara zo mu bwonko zidakunze kugaragara.

Niba umwana wawe afite kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bikurikira bishobora gutera ibyago, muganga ashobora gutegeka ko apimwa amaraso kugira ngo arebe urugero rwe rwa `(Lipoprotein (a))`:

• Gupimwa indwara ya "Familial Hypercholesterolemia".
• Kuba narigeze kugira ikibazo cyo gucika intege mu bwonko kidasobanutse neza.
• Kugira urugero rwinshi rwa `(Lipoprotein (a))` kuri nyina cyangwa se.
• Kugira umuvandimwe cyangwa umubyeyi wagize ikibazo cy'umutima akiri muto.

Kuki urugero rwa triglyceride mu mwana rwiyongera?

Impamvu nyamukuru zituma triglyceride nyinshi mu bana ni izi zikurikira:

• Umubyibuho ukabije
• Diyabete
• Imiti imwe n'imwe

Triglycerides nyinshi zishobora no guterwa n’impamvu za genetiki, ariko ntabwo zikunze kugaragara nka FH. Iyo umwana yiyirije ubusa (akiyiriza ubusa amasaha 12) mu maraso ye, agapima triglycerides 500 mg/dL cyangwa irenga nta yindi mpamvu, abaganga bashobora gukeka ko ari yo mpamvu ya genetiki.

Ni izihe ngorane zishobora guterwa n'umubyibuho ukabije wa cholesterol mu bana?

Abana bafite cholesterol nyinshi (cholesterol ya `LDL`) bashobora kugira ibibazo by'ubuzima uko bagenda bakura. Ibi ahanini biterwa n'ibinure byinshi (atheroma) biri mu mitsi y'amaraso, bishobora kubuza amaraso gutembera. Ibi bishobora kugabanya gutembera kw'amaraso mu mutima, mu bwonko, cyangwa mu maguru. Ushobora kuba warumvise ibi bibazo:

• Indwara y'umutima
• Igisebe cy'imitsi
• Indwara y'imitsi yo mu mpande

Tekereza gato, niba ibi bibazo bigenzurwa ukiri muto, bizagufasha cyane kwirinda indwara zikomeye nk'izo nukura!

Ni izihe ngorane zishobora guterwa n'ubwiyongere bwa triglycerides mu bana?

Iyo urugero rwa `(Triglycerides)` ruri hejuru cyane, umwana ashobora kurwara `(Pancreatite).` Iyo urugero rwa `(Triglycerides)` rumaze igihe kirekire, bishobora no gutuma ibinure byinjira mu mitsi ku rugero runaka. Ariko, ntabwo bigira ingaruka nziza nka `(LDL)` cholesterol.

Ni gute abaganga bapima cholesterol nyinshi mu bana?

Abana bari mu kigero cyo kujya mu ishuri bashobora gupimwa urugero rwa cholesterol yabo hakoreshejwe ikizamini cyoroshye cy'amaraso. Hari igihe ushobora gukenera kwiyiriza ubusa nibura amasaha 12 mbere yo gupimwa amaraso. Baza muganga wawe niba ari ngombwa.

Ni ingenzi cyane cyane gukora iki kizamini iyo hari umuntu wo mu muryango ufite indwara y'umutima, cyangwa niba ababyeyi bafite urugero rwa cholesterol ruri hejuru. Ibisubizo by'ibizamini by'amaraso bishobora kugaragaza niba cholesterol cyangwa triglycerides by'umwana biri hejuru.

Ni gute wavura cholesterol nyinshi mu bana?

Intambwe ya mbere yo kugenzura cholesterol nyinshi ni uguhindura imirire y'umwana wawe no kongera imyitozo ngororamubiri akora.Muganga wawe azakugira inama kuri ibi. Niba izi mpinduka zonyine zitagabanyije urugero rwa cholesterol mu mwana wawe ku rugero rwiza, muganga ashobora kukugira inama yo kumuha imiti (ku bana barengeje imyaka 8).

Ese umwana wanjye akeneye imiti?

Bishobora kuba ngombwa. Abaganga batanga inama ku miti ishingiye ku nama z'inzobere zitangwa n'imiryango nka National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute na American Heart Association. Dore zimwe mu bihe aho muganga ashobora guha umwana wawe imiti:

• Niba urugero rwa LDL rurenze 190 mg/dL:
• Iyo umwana nta bindi bintu bishobora gutera indwara z'umutima n'imitsi afite.
• Niba urugero rwawe rwa LDL ruri kuri 160 mg/dL cyangwa hejuru yayo, kandi ufite kimwe muri ibi bikurikira:
• Umwana afite ibintu bishobora gutera indwara z'umutima n'imitsi.
• Umwe mu babyeyi yagize indwara y'umutima akiri muto, cyangwa hari ibinure byinshi mu mitsi y'umutima (coronary artery plaque).
• Niba urugero rwa cholesterol yawe rutaragera ku rwego rw'ingenzi nyuma y'amezi atandatu uhinduye imirire yawe n'imyitozo ngororamubiri.
• Niba urugero rwawe rwa LDL rurenze 130 mg / dL, ufite kimwe muri ibi bikurikira:
• Umwe mu babyeyi yasanzwemo `(FH)`.
• Umwana afite ibintu bishobora gutera indwara z’umutima n’imitsi nko kubyibuha cyane, umuvuduko ukabije w’amaraso, kunywa itabi (umwana cyangwa abantu bamukikije), urugero ruto rwa HDL, amateka y’indwara ya Kawasaki, indwara y’impyiko, guterwa urugingo rw’umubiri, Rubagimpande y’abana, Lupus, cyangwa agakoko gatera SIDA.
• Niba urugero rwawe rwa LDL rurenze 100 mg / dL, ufite kimwe muri ibi bikurikira:
• Umwana arwaye Diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa I cyangwa 2.
• Umwana afite indwara ya Kawasaki, itera imitsi y'umutima itera imitsi itera imitsi.

Ni iyihe miti ihabwa abana yo kuvura cholesterol?

Statines ni yo mahitamo ya mbere ku bana bafite urugero rwa LDL ruri hejuru. Urugero:

• Atorvastatin (Lipitor®)
• Rosuvastatin (Crestor®)
• Simvastatin (Zocor®)

Uku ni ko imiti ya statin igabanya urugero rwa LDL mu mwana:

• Bihagarika umwijima gukora cholesterol.
• Ikuraho cholesterol nyinshi mu maraso kandi igafasha umubiri kuyikoresha neza.

Ezetimibe ni umuti wo ku rwego rwa kabiri ugabanya urugero rwa LDL. Ukora mu kubuza kwinjiza cholesterol mu mara ikayijyana mu maraso.

Kuvura lipoprotein nyinshi (a)

Guhindura imibereho nta ngaruka bigira ku rugero rwa `(Lipoprotein (a))` nk'urugero rwa `(LDL)`. Kuri ubu, nta miti yihariye ivura urugero rwa `(Lipoprotein (a))` ruri hejuru. Ariko, igeragezwa ry'imiti ririmo gukorwa. Niba urugero rwa `(Lipoprotein (a)` rw'umwana wawe ruri hejuru, muganga ashobora kukugira inama yo kwibanda ku kugabanya izindi mpamvu zishobora gutera indwara z'imitsi y'umutima. Izi zirimo:

• Kurya ibiryo bitanga ubuzima bwiza ku mutima.
• Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri ihagije.
• Kuvura indi mibare ya cholesterol ukoresheje imiti.
• Irinde kunywa itabi.

Kuvura triglycerides nyinshi

Muganga w'umwana wawe ashobora kukugira inama y'ibintu nk'ibi:

• Guhindura imirire y'umwana wawe n'imyitozo ngororamubiri.
• Inyongeramusaruro z'amavuta y'amafi (kugeza kuri 4000 mg ku munsi).
• Indi miti (mu bihe byihariye aho urugero rwa triglyceride mu bana ruri hejuru cyane).

Ese cholesterol nyinshi mu bana ishobora gusubizwa inyuma?

Yego, birashoboka! Ubuvuzi bushobora gufasha kugabanya urugero rwa cholesterol mu mwana wawe kugeza ku rugero rwiza. Ibi bishobora kandi kugabanya ibyago bikomeye byo guhura n'ibibazo mu gihe kizaza. Muganga wawe ashobora kugufasha kumenya neza urugero rwa cholesterol umwana wawe ashaka kugeraho n'uko wabigeraho.

Nafasha nte kugabanya cholesterol y'umwana wanjye?

Ushobora gufasha kugabanya urugero rwa cholesterol mu mwana wawe umutera inkunga yo:

• Gaburira ibiryo bifite ibinure bike. Ibinure bigomba kuba 30% cyangwa munsi yabyo by'ibiryo byose umwana wawe akenera buri munsi. Inzobere mu mirire irashobora kugufasha kubara iki gipimo no gukora gahunda y'amafunguro.
• Irinde ibinure bya trans kandi ugabanye ibinure byuzuye. Ibinure byuzuye ni ibinure akenshi biba bikomeye ku bushyuhe bw'icyumba, nk'amavuta y'inyamaswa, amavuta ya kokonati, n'amavuta ya palme. Ibinure byuzuye bigomba kuba biri munsi ya 10% bya karori zose za buri munsi. Ahubwo, hitamo ibinure bitarakomeye, nka amavuta ya elayo, amavuta ya avoka, n'amavuta ya flaxseed.
• Gabanya indyo ya cholesterol. Abana bagomba kurya munsi ya mg 300 za cholesterol ku munsi.
• Irinde ibikomoka ku mata byuzuye ibinure. Ha abana bari hagati y'amezi 12-24 amata afite ibinure angana na 2%. Ha abana barengeje imyaka 2 amata adafite ibinure.
• Ha umwana wawe ibiryo bifite fibre ihagije. Shishikariza kurya ibiryo birimo fibre nyinshi, nk'imboga, imbuto, imbuto z'ubunyobwa, ibinyamisogwe n'ibinyampeke byuzuye.
• Tera inkunga yo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe. Imyitozo ngororamubiri nko kugendera ku igare, kwiruka, kugenda n'amaguru no koga bishobora gufasha kongera urugero rwa cholesterol ya HDL ("nziza") no kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara indwara z'umutima n'imitsi.
• Fasha umwana wawe kugira ibiro bizima.Ushobora kumenya uburemere bw'iyo ngano uhawe na muganga wawe.

Ni ibihe biribwa byiza byo kugaburira umwana wanjye?

Hitamo ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibiribwa kugira ngo umwana wawe abone intungamubiri zose akeneye. Dore bimwe mu biribwa bifite intungamubiri bishobora gufasha mu kugenzura urugero rwa cholesterol:

Ku ifunguro rya mu gitondo:

• Imbuto
• Ibinyampeke byuzuye
• Ifu y'ingano
• Yawurute y'Abagereki

Ku ifunguro rya saa sita n'irya nimugoroba:

Uzuza isahani y'umwana wawe ukoresheje icyitegererezo cya USDA MyPlate:

• Poroteyine zitarimo ibinure nk'inkoko, amafi, ibishyimbo (1/4 cy'isahani)
• Ibinyampeke byuzuye (1/4 cy'isahani)
• Imbuto n'imboga (igice cya kabiri cy'isahani)
• Indyo y'ibikomoka ku mata birimo ibinure bike

Uburyo bwiza bwo guteka burimo guteka, guteka mu muriro, no gukaranga mu mwuka. Irinde gukaranga cyane.

Udukoryo:

• Imbuto
• Imboga
• Ubwoko bw'imbuto n'imbuto
• Ibisuguti by'ingano zose
• Ibikomoka ku mata bidafite ibinure byinshi

Ibinyobwa:

Hitamo amazi n'amata adafite ibinure byinshi. Irinde soda, amata aryoshye, ibinyobwa by'imbuto, n'ibinyobwa bya siporo.

Ni ryari nkwiye kujyana umwana wanjye kwa muganga?

Muganga wawe azakubwira inshuro ugomba kuzana umwana wawe kwa muganga. Igipimo cya cholesterol y'umwana wawe nacyo kizakenera gupimwa buri gihe. Ugomba kandi gusuzumwa igipimo cya cholesterol y'umwana wawe amezi atandatu nyuma yo guhindura imirire cyangwa amezi abiri nyuma yo gutangira imiti mishya.

Amaherezo, hari icyo tugomba gusuzuma.

Kubera ko tumenyereye kumva ibijyanye na cholesterol mu bantu bakuru, biroroshye kwibagirwa ko n'abana bato bashobora kugira iki kibazo - kugeza igihe kigeze ku mwana wacu. Hanyuma biragoye kureka kugitekerezaho. Ntugahangayike, abaganga b'umwana wawe barasobanukiwe impungenge zawe, kandi bari hano kugira ngo bafashe umuryango wawe wose. Baza ibibazo byawe, wige byinshi uko ushoboye kose. Korana kugira ngo ugire ubuzima bwiza bw'umutima.

Mu kuvura cholesterol akiri muto, ushobora guha umwana wawe amahirwe meza yo kugira ejo hazaza heza.

Cholesterol y'abana , cholesterol nyinshi, Cholesterol nyinshi y'abana, indwara z'umutima, indyo yuzuye, imibereho, Lipid panel