Ese ibyo ni ukubyimba ku ijosi ryawe? Reka tuvuge ku ndwara ya Goiter!

Kubona ikibyimba gito mu ijosi ryawe bishobora gutera impungenge. Ushobora kwibaza icyo gishobora kuba ari cyo, cyangwa wenda wamaze kumva ' goiter '. Uyu munsi, tugiye kuganira kuri iyi ndwara, izwi mu buvuzi nka Goiter . Ntugahangayike - kumenya amakuru ni yo ntambwe ya mbere y'ingenzi ushobora gutera.

Gland ya Tiroyide ni iki?

Mbere yuko dusuzuma icyatera goiter, reka turebe imvubura iri inyuma yayo: imvubura yawe ya tiroyide . Iyi mvubura nto, ifite ishusho nk'iy'ikinyugunyugu, iherereye mu nsi y'ijosi ryawe, munsi gato y'ipome ya Adamu, ni imvubura yawe ya tiroyide . Nubwo ari nto, igira uruhare runini mu mikorere y'imisemburo y'umubiri wawe.

Imisemburo ikorwa na tiroyide yawe ni ingenzi cyane ku buzima bwawe. Ikora ahanini imisemburo ibiri: thyroxine (izwi cyane nka T4) na triiodothyronine (izwi nka T3). Iyi misemburo igenga imirimo myinshi y'ingenzi mu mubiri wawe, nko:

• Uburyo umubiri wawe ukora ( metabolism ) — guhindura ibiryo urya mo ingufu.
• Kugenzura ubushyuhe bw'umubiri wawe.
• Igira ingaruka ku byiyumvo byawe n'urwego rw'imihangayiko.
• Kugenzura umuvuduko w'umutima wawe.
• Gucunga sisitemu yawe y'igogora .

Nkuko mubibona, aka gahu gato gafite inshingano zikomeye. Iyo kaguwe, cyangwa kagakora imisemburo myinshi cyane cyangwa mike cyane, bishobora kwangiza uburinganire bw'umubiri wawe wose.

Ese hari ubwoko butandukanye bwa Goiter?

Yego, indwara ya goiter ishyirwa mu byiciro bitewe n'uko ikura n'uko igira ingaruka ku rugero rw'imisemburo ya tiroyide.

Dukurikije uko bikura:

• Goiter yoroshye (ikwirakwira): Ibi bibaho iyo thyroid gland yose ibyimbye neza, ikumva yoroshye iyo uyikozeho.
• Indwara ya Nodular Goiter: Ibi bibaho iyo ikibyimba gikomeye cyangwa cyuzuye amazi (nodule) kivutse muri tiroyide, bigatuma iyo mvubura isa n'aho ifite ibibyimba.
• Indwara ya Goiter ifite imiyoboro myinshi: Ibi bibaho iyo utubyimba twinshi dukura mu ngirabuzimafatizo ya tiroyide. Utu tubyimba dushobora kugaragara inyuma cyangwa tukaboneka gusa binyuze mu gupima indwara.

Hashingiwe ku rugero rw'imisemburo ya tiroyide:

• Indwara y'umusonga w'ibicurane: Muri iki gihe, tiroyide yagutse ikora imisemburo myinshi ya tiroyide, bigatera indwara ya tiroyide ikora cyane izwi nka hyperthyroidism.
• Goiter idahumanya: Aha, nubwo tiroyide yagutse, urugero rw'imisemburo yawe rukomeza kuba rusanzwe. Nta hyperthyroidism ufite cyangwa hypothyroidism idakora neza (hypothyroidism). Abaganga babyita "euthyroid".

Hari igihe abaganga bashobora guhuza ibi byiciro. Urugero, "goiter ifite uburozi bwinshi" bivuze ko tiroyide yawe yavutsemo utubyimba twinshi dukora imisemburo myinshi.

Ni nde uri mu kaga ko kurwara Goiter?

Nubwo umuntu wese ashobora kurwara goiter, ikunze kugaragara cyane ku bagore. Mu by’ukuri, abagore bafite amahirwe angana n’inshuro enye yo kurwara goiter kurusha abagabo . Ingaruka zawe nazo ziyongera uko ugenda ukura, aho goiter ikunze kugaragara nyuma y’imyaka 40 .

Byongeye kandi, ushobora guhura n'ibyago byinshi byo kurwara goiter niba ufite imwe muri izi ndwara zikurikira:

• Umubyibuho ukabije
• Ubudahangarwa bwa insuline
• Indwara ya metabolike

Byongeye kandi, niba warahawe imiti ivura imirasire igana ku mutwe wawe cyangwa mu ijosi ryawe, cyangwa niba ufite amateka y’indwara ya tiroyide mu muryango wawe , amahirwe yawe yo kurwara goiter aba menshi.

Iyi ndwara ikunze kugaragara gute?

Indwara ya Goiter ikunze kugaragara. Urugero, muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, yibasira hafi 5% by'abaturage.

Ku isi yose, impamvu nyamukuru itera indwara ya goiter ni ibura rya iyode . Bivugwa ko abantu bagera kuri miliyari 2.2 ku isi baba mu duce twagizweho ingaruka n’ibura rya iyode.

Amahirwe yo kurwara goiter aterwa cyane n'ubukana bw'ibura rya iyode:

• Mu turere duke dufite ikibazo cy’ibura ry’iyode , icyorezo cya goiter kiri hagati ya 5% na 20%.
• Mu turere dufite ikibazo cy’ibura ry’iyode riri hagati ya 20% na 30%.
• Mu turere dufite ikibazo cy’ibura ry’iyode rikabije , igipimo gishobora kurenga 30%.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso ukwiye kwitondera?

Indwara ya Goiter ishobora gutandukana cyane mu bunini, kuva ku kubyimba kugaragara cyane kugeza ku kibyimba kinini cyane. Kenshi na kenshi, ntabwo iba ibabaza. Ariko, niba kubyimba guterwa na tiroyide (kubyimba kwa tiroyide), ushobora kumva ububabare cyangwa ububabare muri ako gace.

Ibimenyetso bikunze kugaragara by’indwara ya goiter birimo:

• Ikibyimba cyangwa kubyimba bigaragara imbere mu ijosi ryawe , munsi gato y'ipome ya Adamu.
• Ukumva ufunze mu muhogo wawe .
• Guhinda umushyitsi cyangwa impinduka mu ijwi ryawe.
• Imitsi yo mu ijosi yabyimbye.
• Kumva uzunguje iyo uzamura amaboko hejuru y'umutwe wawe.

Ibindi bimenyetso bidakunze kugaragara bishobora kubaho iyo umusonga munini winjiriye ku nyubako ziwukikije:

• Guhumeka nabi (guhumeka nabi) .
• Gukorora.
• Urusaku rwinshi rw'ifirimbi iyo uhumeka (stridor), ruterwa no gukanda imiyoboro y'umuyaga.
• Kugorwa no kumira (dysphagia), biterwa no gukanda imiyoboro y'ibiryo.

Niba goiter yawe ifitanye isano na tiroyide ikora cyane (hyperthyroidism), ushobora no guhura n'ibi bikurikira:

• Umuvuduko w'umutima wihuta (tachycardia) .
• Kugabanya ibiro mu buryo budasanzwe .
• Impiswi cyangwa kwimuka kenshi mu mara.
• Kubira ibyuya byinshi nubwo waba uruhuka cyangwa mu bukonje.
• Guhinda umushyitsi cyangwa amaboko anyeganyega.
• Guhangayika, guhangayika, cyangwa kurakara.

Ku rundi ruhande, niba goiter yawe ifitanye isano na tiroyide idakora neza (hypothyroidism), ushobora kubona ibimenyetso nk'ibi:

• Umunaniro ukabije cyangwa umunaniro (umunaniro) .
• Kwihagarika impatwe.
• Uruhu rwumye.
• Kongera ibiro bitasobanuwe .
• Iminsi y'imihango idahwitse.

Ni iki gitera indwara ya Goiter?

Mu by’ukuri, goiter ni uburyo thyroid gland yawe ikora ku buryo idashobora gukora imisemburo. Nubwo kubura iyode ari yo mpamvu nyamukuru ku isi, hari izindi ngorane nyinshi zishobora gutuma thyroid gland yaguka.

Impamvu zikunze gutera goiter zirimo:

• Kubura iyode: Tiroyide yawe ikeneye iyode kugira ngo ikore imisemburo. Iyo indyo yawe idafite iyode ihagije, tiroyide ikora amasaha menshi kugira ngo ifate buri kintu cyose gihari, ikabyimba uko igwiza uturemangingo kugira ngo ibone uko ibyishyura. Nubwo iyi ari yo mpamvu ikomeye ku isi, ntabwo ikunze kugaragara cyane mu bihugu aho umunyu wo ku meza ufite iyode ari wo usanzwe. Ushobora kubona iyode mu buryo busanzwe mu mafi yo mu nyanja, mu mata no mu munyu ufite iyode. Ariko, nyamuneka wirinde gufata inyunganiramirire ya iyode utabanje gukorerwa inama na muganga, kuko iyode nyinshi ishobora gutera cyangwa ikongera ibindi bibazo bya tiroyide.
• Indwara y'Imva:Iyi ni indwara y’ubwiyongere bw’umubiri aho ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri bwawe bwibasira tiroyide, bukayitera imbaraga nyinshi. Ibi bituma iyo ngirabuzimafatizo yaguka kandi igakora imisemburo myinshi cyane, bigatera hyperthyroidism, isaba ubufasha bw’abaganga.
• Hashimoto's Thyroiditis: Indi ndwara y’ubwiyongere bw’umubiri, Hashimoto's itera ububyimbirwe bugenda bwangiza tiroyide yawe buhoro buhoro. Mu gusubiza ibyo, iyo mvubura ishobora kubyimba kugira ngo yishyure igabanuka ry’imisemburo. Nubwo iyi mikorobe rimwe na rimwe ishobora kwikiza ubwayo, abarwayi benshi bakenera uburyo bwo gusimbuza imisemburo ya tiroyide kugira ngo bagabanye gukora nabi.
• Kanseri ya Tiroyide: Nubwo idakunze kugaragara cyane, kanseri yo mu ngirabuzimafatizo ishobora kugaragara nk'utubyimba cyangwa kubyimba muri rusange.
• Gutwita: Imisemburo ya human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), iva mu gihe cyo gutwita, ishobora gutuma thyroid gland yiyongera gato.
• Tiroidite: Kubyimba kwa tiroyide ubwayo, bishobora guterwa n'indwara za virusi cyangwa impinduka nyuma yo kubyara, bishobora gutera kubyimba no kumererwa nabi.

Hari igihe indwara ya goiter ikura nta mpamvu igaragara ihari; iyi ndwara yitwa goiter idasobanutse neza. Imiti imwe n'imwe ishobora no kubangamira imikorere ya tiroyide bigatuma umuntu abyimba, nka lithium, ikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe.

Ni gute Abaganga Basuzuma Indwara ya Goiter?

Mu gihe cyo gusuzuma umubiri wawe buri gihe, muganga wawe ashobora kubona ko tiroyide yagutse mu buryo bworoshye binyuze mu gukora ku ijosi ryawe no kugusaba kumira. Ariko, gusuzuma indwara ya goiter ni intambwe ya mbere gusa—tugomba no kumenya impamvu nyamukuru y’ikibyimba. Kugira ngo tubigereho, hashobora kubazwa ibizamini byinshi byo gusuzuma:

• Isuzuma ry'umubiri: Nkuko byavuzwe, muganga wawe azakorakora witonze agace k'ijosi ryawe kugira ngo arebe ingano ya tiroyide yawe, arebe ko hari utubyimba, kandi amenye niba hari ubwo burwayi ubwo aribwo bwose.
• Ibipimo by'amaraso ya tiroyide: Ibi bizamini bipima urugero rw'imisemburo itera tiroyide (TSH) n'imisemburo ya tiroyide (T4 na T3) mu maraso yawe kugira ngo hamenyekane niba tiroyide yawe ikora neza, idakora neza, cyangwa ikora cyane.
• Ikizamini cy’Ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri: Iki kizamini cy’amaraso gishakisha ubudahangarwa bwihariye bufitanye isano n’indwara za tiroyide ziterwa n’ubwiyongere bw’umubiri nka Hashimoto's cyangwa Graves' disease. Ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri ni poroteyine z’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri rimwe na rimwe zikibasira ingirabuzima fatizo zawe.
• Isuzuma rya Tiroyide rya Ultrasound: Iki kizamini cyo gufata amashusho gikoresha amajwi menshi kugira ngo kigaragaze neza tiroyide yawe. Kidufasha gusuzuma ingano y'iyi ngirabuzimafatizo no kumenya niba hari utudomo, ndetse niba utwo tudomo dufite imbaraga cyangwa twuzuyemo amazi.
• Gupima urushinge rw'ingufu (Biopsy): Niba ufite utubyimba tugaragara muri tiroyide yawe, muganga wawe ashobora kugupima. Urushinge ruto cyane rukoreshwa mu gukuramo icyitegererezo gito cy'uturemangingo kugira ngo gisuzumwe muri laboratwari, cyane cyane kugira ngo hamenyekane ko nta kanseri ihari.
• Gufata no Gupima Tiroyide: Iki kizamini cy'imiti ya kirimbuzi gitanga ibisobanuro birambuye ku bunini n'imikorere ya tiroyide yawe. Gikubiyemo urugero ruto kandi rufite umutekano rw'ibintu bifite imirasire (bikunze gufatwa mu kanwa cyangwa mu guterwa inshinge) kugira ngo harebwe uburyo tiroyide yawe iyinjiza. Ibi akenshi biba bigamije gusuzuma indwara runaka nka hyperthyroidism.
• CT Scan cyangwa MRI: Niba goiter ari nini cyane cyangwa yakuriye mu gituza cyawe, CT scan cyangwa MRI ishobora gukoreshwa mu gupima ingano yayo nyayo no gusuzuma ingano yayo iri gukanda inzira ziyikikije.

Ese Goiter ishobora kwikemurira ikibazo ubwayo?

Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, indwara yoroheje cyangwa isanzwe ishobora kwiyakira uko igihe kigenda gihita nta buvuzi bufatika buyitera.

Indwara nyinshi za goiter, nka goiter nyinshi, zibaho ku rugero rusanzwe rwose rw'imisemburo (euthyroid). Izi goiter zishobora kudakenera kuvurwa vuba iyo twemeye ko ari mbi. Ariko, ziracyakeneye gukurikiranwa kuko hari ibyago by'igihe kirekire byo kurwara tiroyide idakora neza cyangwa ikora cyane nyuma.

Uko byagenda kose, niba ubonye ko hari ikibyimba mu ijosi ryawe, ni ngombwa gushaka isuzuma rya muganga w’inzobere . Kubera ko indwara ya goiter ifite impamvu nyinshi zitandukanye, zimwe zisaba kuvurwa vuba kandi hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura buhari?

Uburyo bwo kuvura indwara ya goiter bushingira gusa ku bunini bwayo, ibimenyetso byayo, n'impamvu yayo. Uburyo busanzwe bwo kuvura bugizwe na:

• "Gutegereza witonze" (Kwitegereza): Niba indwara ya goiter ari nto, idakura, kandi ikaba idatera ibimenyetso by'umubiri cyangwa imisemburo idahuye neza, dushobora kukugira inama yo kuyikurikirana neza no kuyisuzuma buri gihe no kuyikoresha ultrasound aho gutangira kuyivura.
• Imiti:
• Levothyroxine (urugero: Levothroid®, Synthroid®) ni uburyo bwo kuvura indwara ya tiroyide. Niba indwara ya goiter iterwa na tiroyide idakora neza (hypothyroidism), muganga wawe ashobora kuguha amabwiriza kugira ngo urugero rwawe rurusheho kumera neza.
• Niba goiter yawe iterwa n'indwara ya tiroyide ikora cyane (hyperthyroidism), hakoreshwa indi miti nka Methimazole (urugero, Tapazole®) na Propylthiouracil .
• Niba kubyimba ari yo mpamvu nyamukuru, muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira Aspirin cyangwa Corticosteroid kugira ngo agabanye kubyimba no kubabara.
• Ubuvuzi bwa Iyode ikoresha imirasire: Ubusanzwe bukoreshwa kuri tiroyide ikora cyane (hyperthyroidism), ubu buvuzi busaba gufata iyode ikoresha imirasire mu kanwa. Iyode ijya muri tiroyide ikangiza igice cy'ingingo zikora cyane, bigatuma goiter igabanuka. Menya ko ibi bishobora gutuma tiroyide idakora neza, bigasaba ko imisemburo isimbura imisemburo ubuzima bwose.
• Kubagwa (Gyroidectomy): Muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo kubaga gukuraho tiroyide yose cyangwa igice cyayo. Akenshi bibazwa iyo goiter ari nini bihagije kugira ngo ipfunde inzira z'ubuhumekero cyangwa umwobo (bigatuma bigorana guhumeka cyangwa kumira), cyangwa niba dukeneye gukuraho utunyangingo dukekwa. Iyo kanseri ya tiroyide igaragaye, kubagwa ni ngombwa. Bitewe n'ingano y'agahu kakuweho, ushobora gukenera gufata ibinini bisimbura imisemburo ya tiroyide buri munsi ubuzima bwawe bwose.

Ese ushobora kwirinda indwara ya Goiter?

Indwara yo mu mutwe iterwa no kubura iyode ni yo bwoko bwonyine bwa goiter ushobora kwirinda. Ushobora kubikora ukomeza indyo yuzuye irimo iyode, irimo amafi, ibikomoka ku mata, n'umunyu usanzwe wa iyode. Ku zindi ndwara yo mu mutwe, gufata inyunganiramirire ya iyode cyangwa indi miti itangwa na muganga nta nama zumvikana za muganga ntabwo ari byiza, kuko akenshi bishobora gutuma indwara ya tiroyide yawe irushaho kuba mbi aho kuyifasha.

Ni iki umuntu urwaye Goiter ashobora kwitega?

Icyerekezo cy'igihe kirekire (prognosis) ku muntu urwaye goiter gishingiye gusa ku bwoko bwa goiter n'impamvu yayo.

Indwara ya goiter isanzwe muri rusange ifite imiterere myiza. Ariko, iyo ikomeza kwaguka idasuzumwe, ishobora gukanda ingingo z'abaturanye, bigatera ingorane mu guhumeka no kumira, cyangwa bigatuma ijwi rihora rihindagurika.

Niba kubyimba ari ikimenyetso cy'indi ndwara y’ubwiyongere bw’umubiri, nka Graves' disease cyangwa Hashimoto's thyroiditis, uko ubibona muri rusange bizaterwa n'uburyo twatsinda iyo ndwara.

Ni ryari wagombye kujya kwa muganga ku bijyanye n'indwara ya Goiter?

Nubwo indwara ya mbere yaba yagaragaye, niba ufite indwara ya goiter,Ni ngombwa cyane guteganya igihe cyo gukurikirana muganga wawe (ubusanzwe nibura rimwe mu mwaka) kugira ngo akurikirane ingano yayo n'urugero rw'imisemburo yawe.

Niba utangiye kubona ibimenyetso bishya cyangwa birushaho kuba bibi, nyamuneka hamagara umuganga wawe ako kanya.

Indwara ya tiroyide ni ikigo cy'ingenzi mu kugenzura sisitemu yawe yose y'imisemburo, igira ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima bwawe muri rusange. Kwaguka kw'iyi mvubura akenshi ni ikimenyetso cy'umuburo ku kibazo cya tiroyide kiri inyuma. Inkuru ihumuriza ni uko indwara ya goiter ivurwa neza, ndetse imwe ikanakira ubwayo. Niba ubonye ikibyimba kidasanzwe cyangwa kubyimba imbere mu ijosi ryawe, nyamuneka hamagara umuganga wawe. Dushobora gusuzuma impamvu nyamukuru maze tukabona gahunda nziza kandi ikubereye.

Ibintu by'ingenzi ugomba kuzirikana

Turizera ko aya makuru agufasha kumva ufite ubumenyi bwinshi no kumva worohewe ku bijyanye n'indwara ya goiter. Dore incamake y'ibyo twaganiriyeho:

• Goiter ni ukwiyongera kw'agahu k'indyore, bishobora guterwa n'impamvu zitandukanye z'ubuvuzi.
• Niba ubonye ikibyimba mu ijosi ryawe, ugorwa no kumira cyangwa guhumeka, cyangwa ukagira impinduka mu ijwi, buri gihe shaka inama z'abaganga b'inzobere.
• Si indwara zose ziterwa na goiter zikenera kuvurwa, ariko kumenya impamvu nyamukuru no gukurikirana ingirangingo ni ingenzi ku buzima bwawe bw'igihe kirekire.
• Nubwo ibura rya iyode rikomeje kuba impamvu ikomeye ku isi, ibikorwa by’ubuzima rusange nk’umunyu urimo iyode byatumye rigabanuka cyane mu bihugu byinshi byateye imbere.
• Ntukigere utangira gufata imisemburo ya tiroyide cyangwa inyunganiramirire ya iyode utabanje guhabwa ubuyobozi na muganga.
• Niba warasanzwe urwaye goiter, kujya kwa muganga buri gihe ni ingenzi kugira ngo ukomeze kugira ubuzima bwiza.

Nta mpamvu yo gutinya. Uramutse uhawe ubuyobozi bukwiye bw'abaganga, indwara ya goiter ni indwara ishoboka cyane, kandi itsinda rya Nirogi Lanka rihora rihari kugira ngo rigufashe.