Ese Ufite Inyo zo mu Gifu? Gusobanukirwa Ascariasis: Impamvu, Ibimenyetso, n'Ubuvuzi

Muraho! Umeze ute? Uyu munsi, tugiye kuvuga ku ngingo y'ubuzima ishobora kumvikana nk'ibabaje ariko ikaba isanzwe cyane kandi ishobora kugira ingaruka ku muntu uwo ari we wese: **Ascariasis**, ubwoko bw'indwara y'inzoka zo mu mara. Nubwo izina rishobora kumvikana nk'iry'ibanga, risobanura gusa indwara iterwa n'ubwoko runaka bw'inzoka zo mu mara ziba mu mara yawe. Nta mpamvu yo guhangayika—reka turebere hamwe ibintu byose ukeneye kumenya kuri iyi ndwara mu buryo bworoshye, busobanutse neza kandi bworoshye kumva.

Ascariasis ni iki mu by'ukuri?

Mu magambo make, Ascariasis ni indwara ifata amara yawe mato iterwa n'ubwoko bw'inzoka zisanzwe zizwi nka Ascaris lumbricoides . Kimwe n'izindi ndwara, izi nzoka zisanzwe zikoresha umubiri w'umuntu nk'aho zikura zivuye mu magi zigahinduka inyo, amaherezo zigahinduka inyo zikuze zishobora kororoka. Iyo izi nzoka zigwiriye kandi zigakura mu mubiri wawe, zishobora gutera ingorane zoroheje cyangwa zikomeye ku buzima.

Ascaris lumbricoides ishyirwa mu cyiciro cya helminth ikwirakwizwa mu butaka (STH) . Ibi bivuze ko ubwandu bwandura binyuze mu gukora ku butaka bwandujwe n'imyanda y'abantu irimo amagi y'inzoka zo mu bwoko bwa roundworms. Iyo umuntu wanduye yiyambitse hanze cyangwa ahantu hadafite isuku ikwiye, aya magi ya microscopic ashyirwa mu butaka, aho yandura mu byumweru bike. Iyo ukoze kuri ubu butaka bwanduye ugashyira amaboko ku munwa utabigambiriye, cyangwa niba uriye imbuto n'imboga bitatetse muri ubu butaka utabikarabye neza, ushobora kumira amagi. Amazi yanduye ashobora no gukwirakwiza iyi ndwara. Ku bw'amahirwe, sisitemu z'amazi zo mu mujyi mu turere twateye imbere cyangwa mu mijyi zikorerwa isuku ikomeye kandi zigavurwa, bigatuma zidakira udukoko nk'utwo.

Nubwo indwara ya Ascariasis idakunze kugaragara mu bihugu nka Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika n'Ubwongereza, ikomeje kugaragara cyane mu bice by'isi bifite isuku nke n'ibikorwaremezo bike by'isuku (cyane cyane aho uburyo bwo kugera ku bwiherero bugezweho ari buke). Muri utu turere, abantu bafite ibyago byinshi byo gukora ku butaka, amazi n'ibiribwa byanduye.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ingenzi bwa Ascariasis?

Abantu benshi barwara Ascariasis baterwa n'inzoka zo mu bwoko bwa human roundworms, A. lumbricoides . Ariko, abantu bashobora no kwandura Ascaris suum , ubwoko bw'inzoka zo mu bwoko bwa roundworms zifitanye isano rya hafi zikunze kuboneka mu ngurube. Niba ukorera hafi y'ingurube, worora amatungo, cyangwa ukoresha ifumbire y'ingurube nk'ifumbire y'ubuhinzi, ibyago byawe byo kwandura ubwo bwoko bw'indwara byihariye biri hejuru cyane.

Ascariasis ikunze kugaragara gute?

Mu by’ukuri, Ascariasis ni imwe mu ndwara zikunze kugaragara ku isi, ikaba yibasira abantu barenga miliyari imwe ku isi. Ni yo ndwara ikwirakwira cyane ku isi mu ndwara zo mu mara. Ikunze kugaragara cyane mu bana batuye mu turere dushyuha n’utundi dushyuha aho isuku n’isukura ari bike.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya Ascariasis?

Iyo ufite ubwandu bworoheje buterwa n'inzoka nke, ushobora kutagaragaza ibimenyetso na gato , cyangwa ngo ugire ububabare buke mu nda rimwe na rimwe. Hari igihe ikimenyetso cya mbere cy'ubwandu ari ukubona inzoka nzima mu mwanda wawe cyangwa mu birutsi. Izi nzoka zo mu bwoko bwa A. lumbricoides zikuze zisa n'inzoka zo mu butaka; akenshi ziba umweru usa n'umutuku, zifite uburebure buri hagati ya santimetero 1.5 na 2.5, kandi zifite ubugari nk'ikaramu.

Iyo ugaragaje ibimenyetso, bizatandukana bitewe n'aho udukoko tuba turi mu mubiri wawe, kuko twimuka tunyura mu ngingo zitandukanye mu gihe cy'ubuzima bwatwo.

1. Icyiciro cy'ubwandu mu guhumeka (ibihaha)

Mu ntangiriro z'ubwandu, uduheri tw'inzoka dushya twimuka tuva mu mara yawe mato tunyuze mu maraso yawe cyangwa mu mitsi tujya mu bihaha byawe. Muri iki cyiciro, ushobora kugira ibimenyetso by'ubuhumekero bisa cyane na asima cyangwa umusonga, harimo:

• Ijwi ry'umuriri mwinshi iyo uhumeka ( Guhumeka ).
• Inkorora idakira.
• Guhumeka nabi cyangwa guhumeka nabi.
• Umuriro woroheje.
• Ni gake cyane habaho ubwivumbure bw'uruhu butera uduheri cyangwa uduheri .

Kubera ko ibi bimenyetso by'ubuhumekero bishobora kwitiranywa n'izindi ndwara zisanzwe, gusuzuma Ascariasis muri iki gihe cyo kwimuka kw'ibihaha bishobora kugorana cyane.

2. Icyiciro cy'ubwandu mu mara

Iyo udusimba tugarutse mu mara yawe mato tugakura tukaba inzoka zikuze, tuba aho kugira ngo twororoke. Bitewe n'uburemere bw'inzoka (ingano y'inzoka ufite), ibimenyetso bishobora kuva ku byoroheje kugeza ku bikomeye kandi akenshi birimo:

• Ububabare bwo mu nda budasobanutse neza cyangwa bukabije.
• Kubyimba cyangwa kubyimba inda.
• Isesemi no kuruka .
• Gucibwamo rimwe na rimwe cyangwa kwituma mu buryo butunguranye.
• Kubura ubushake bwo kurya ( anorexia ).
• Kugabanya ibiro bitasobanuwe cyangwa gukura nabi mu bana.
• Kutagira ituze.
• Kugorwa no gusinzira (kubura ibitotsi).

Nk’uko bisanzwe, uko inzoka ziba nyinshi mu mubiri wawe, niko ibimenyetso byazo birushaho gukomera .

Ni iki gitera Ascariasis?

Ascariasis iterwa no kumira amagi y'inzoka zo mu bwoko bwa A. lumbricoides roundworm ku bushake. Abantu ni bo bakira iyi ndwara, bivuze ko izi nzoka zigomba kuba mu mubiri w'umuntu kugira ngo zikure, zikorane, zitere amagi, kandi zisohoze ubuzima bwazo karemano.

Ascariasis ikwirakwira ite?

Ubwandu bwandurira mu nzira y'umwanda no mu kanwa . Ibi bibaho iyo amagi y'inzoka zo mu bwoko bwa roundworms zikozwe mu buryo bwa microscopic, zijyanywe mu butaka cyangwa mu bintu byanduye mu kanwa kawe (kuva mu ntoki kugera mu kanwa).

Mu turere tukiri mu nzira y'amajyambere cyangwa mu turere tudafite ibikorwa remezo bya kijyambere by'imyanda, imyanda y'abantu ikunze kujugunywa ahantu hadasobanutse. Hari n'igihe imyanda y'abantu ikoreshwa nk'ifumbire y'ibihingwa. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ubutaka bwo mu mirima, mu busitani no mu nzira bwanduzwa cyane n'amagi ya A. lumbricoides .

Ushobora kumira byoroshye aya magi atagaragara utabizi niba:

• Kora ku butaka bwanduye hanyuma ukore ku kanwa kawe cyangwa urye udakaraba intoki neza n'isabune.
• Kurya imbuto mbisi cyangwa imboga zahinzwe mu butaka bwanduye utazisukuye, utazikuyeho cyangwa ngo uziteke.
• Nywa amazi yanduye amagi y'udukoko.

Ubuzima bw'inzoka zo mu bwoko bwa Roundworm

Iyo umaze kurya amagi y’inzoka zo mu nda, amanuka mu mara mato. Aho ngaho, akura akavamo udukoko tudakuze, agatangira kugenda mu mubiri wawe mu buryo butangaje kandi bugoye:

1. Udukoko duto cyane twinjira mu rukuta rw'amara yawe, tukinjira mu maraso yawe cyangwa mu miyoboro y'amaraso . Tunyura mu mwijima wawe no mu mutima wawe kugira ngo tugere mu bihaha byawe, aho tuba iminsi igera kuri 10 kugeza kuri 14.

2. Iyo zimaze gukura gato mu bihaha, utwo dukoko twinjira mu nzira z'ubuhumekero, tukazamuka tukagera mu muhogo, hanyuma tugakororwa tugasubira mu nzira y'igifu.

3. Mu mara mato , udukoko dukura tugahinduka inzoka zikuze. Turahura, maze ingore zigatangira gutera amagi menshi cyane—rimwe na rimwe amagi arenga 200.000 ku munsi !

4. Aya magi asohoka mu mubiri wawe anyuze mu mwanda wawe, akarangiza uruziga.

Iyi gahunda yose yo kwimuka no gukura bifata amezi abiri kugeza kuri atatu.

Iyo amagi amaze gusohoka mu mwanda, agomba kuba mu butaka mu gihe cy'ibyumweru bike kugira ngo yandure. Kubera ko afite ibikonoshwa biramba cyane, aya magi ashobora kwihanganira ibidukikije bibi kandi agakomeza kwanduza mu butaka mu gihe cy'amezi 17 cyangwa arenga.

Iyo undi muntu urya aya magi mu buryo butunguranye muri iki gihe, uruziga rutangira bundi bushya.

Ni nde uri mu kaga gakomeye ko kurwara Ascariasis?

Ibyago byawe byo kwandura Ascariasis biriyongera niba utuye, ukorera, cyangwa usuye uturere turangwa na:

• Isuku nke kandi nta mazi meza yo gukaraba intoki, koga no gusukura ibiryo abona.
• Ubuhinzi bukoresha amase y'abantu (cyangwa ifumbire y'ingurube irimo A. suum ) nk'ifumbire .
• Ibihe bishyushye kandi bitose bikunze kugaragara mu turere dushyuha n’utwo mu bice bya Aziya, Afurika yo munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara, na Amerika y’Epfo, bitanga imiterere myiza kugira ngo amagi y’inzoka zo mu bwoko bwa roundworms akomeze kubaho no gukura.

Imyaka nayo ni ikintu gikomeye gishobora gutera ibyago. Abana bafite imyaka 8 no munsi yayo ni bo bafite ibyago byinshi, ahanini bitewe nuko bakunze gukinira hanze mu gitaka cyangwa mu mucanga kandi bakaba bashobora gushyira intoki zabo zitakarabye mu kanwa.

Ni izihe ngorane zishobora guterwa na Ascariasis?

Mu bihe bikomeye kandi bitavuwe—cyane cyane mu bana bato—ubwandu bukomeye bw’inzoka zo mu nda bushobora gutera ingorane zikomeye, rimwe na rimwe zigashyira ubuzima mu kaga. Izi zirimo:

• Kuziba amara n'imiyoboro y'amaraso : Inyo nyinshi zishobora kuziba amara yawe, zikabuza ibiryo n'imyanda kwinjira mu nzira y'igogora ryawe. Inyo zishobora kandi kwinjira no kuziba imiyoboro mito y'umwijima wawe cyangwa pancreas, bigasaba ubuvuzi bwihutirwa.
• Kubyimba cyane : Kuziba bishobora gutera indwara zibabaza kandi zishobora guteza akaga, nko kubyimba pancreatitis (kubyimba pancreas), cholecystite (kubyimba gallbladder), cyangwa cholangitis (kubyimba imiyoboro y'indyo).
• Kudakura neza no Gutinda : Kubera ko inzoka zo mu bwoko bwa roundworms zirya intungamubiri ziva mu byo urya, indwara ikomeye ishobora kwangiza umubiri wawe. Ku bana, indwara zidakira zishobora gutera imirire mibi, kubura amaraso, kugabanya ibiro, no gukura nabi k'umubiri no mu bwenge.

Wibuke ko gusuzuma indwara ku gihe no kuyivura ari ingirakamaro cyane mu gukumira burundu izi ngorane.

Ni gute Ascariasis ipimwa?

Iyo inzoka zimaze gukura kandi zigatura mu mara yawe, muganga ashobora gusuzuma ubwandu byoroshye akoresheje mikorosikopi. Umutekinisiye wo muri laboratwari azareba niba hari amagi y’inzoka zo mu bwoko bwa mikorosikopi cyangwa rimwe na rimwe, inzoka zikuze.

Gusuzuma ubwandu biragoye iyo inzoka zikiri mu bihaha byawe. Niba muganga wawe akeka ko Ascariasis iterwa n'ubuhumekero, ashobora gusaba ko bagufata X-ray mu gituza cyangwa bagasuzuma amatembabuzi yawe (amatembabuzi yakorora) kugira ngo babone ko hari inyo.

Ibindi bizamini bigezweho byo gufata amashusho —nk'isuzuma ry'inda rya ultrasound , CT scan , cyangwa MRI —bishobora gutanga amashusho asobanutse y'inzoka zo mu nda zigeze mu miyoboro y'inda cyangwa pancreas, bigatuma muganga wawe asuzuma uburemere bw'ifunga ry'amaraso.

Ni gute Ascariasis ivurwa?

Ku bw'amahirwe, Ascariasis iravurwa cyane hakoreshejwe imiti ivura udukoko ikora neza cyaneIyi miti ikoreshwa na muganga ikora mu kumugaza no kwica inzoka zo mu gifu zikuze. Ubusanzwe uyifata umunsi umwe cyangwa itatu gusa. Abarwayi benshi babona ko ibimenyetso byayo bikiri mu kaga vuba cyane, ndetse na mbere y’uko inzoka zisohoka burundu mu mubiri. Ni ibisanzwe rwose (nubwo bizwi ko bidashimishije) gushyira inzoka zapfuye mu mwanda wawe mu gihe cyo kuvurwa cyangwa nyuma yawo.

Imiti isanzwe itangwa na muganga ikubiyemo:

• Albendazole (Albenza®)
• Ivermectin (Stromectol®)
• Pyrantel pamoate (Pin-X®) – Akenshi ikunze kuba nziza iyo utwite, kuko ifatwa nk'aho ari nziza ku mwana uri gukura.

Ibuka ko iyi miti yibasira cyane cyane inzoka zikuze kandi ishobora kudatsemba inzoka zimuka. Kubera iyo mpamvu, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gusuzuma umwanda nyuma y’amezi atatu ndetse no kuvura icyiciro cya kabiri cy’imiti kugira ngo inzoka zose zimaze gukura zirandurwe burundu.

Ese hari igihe ukenera kubagwa indwara ya Ascariasis?

Nubwo bidakunze kubaho cyane, kubagwa bishobora kuba ngombwa mu gihe habayeho ingorane zikomeye, nko kuziba amara burundu cyangwa umuyoboro w'inda ufunze. Muri ibi bihe byihutirwa, umuganga ubaga azakuraho inzoka zo mu nda ku buryo bufatika agasana ibyangiritse byose ku mubiri.

Igihe cyose bishoboka, abahanga bakora ubu buryo bakoresheje uburyo budakoresha imbaraga nyinshi, nka Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) . Ubu buryo bugezweho butuma abaganga bashobora kunyura mu buryo bw'igogora no gukuramo inzoka bakoresheje ibikoresho byo mu gace runaka, birinda gukenera gucibwamo ibinini no gukira vuba kandi neza.

Ni gute wakwirinda Ascariasis?

Yego rwose. Kwirinda ni wo murongo ukomeye w’uburinzi bwawe ku ndwara zandura inzoka zo mu mutwe. Niba utuye cyangwa urimo ujya mu turere dukunze kugaragaramo Ascariasis, shyiramo izi ngeso z’isuku mu bikorwa byawe bya buri munsi:

• Irinde gukora ku butaka bushobora kwanduzwa n'imyanda y'abantu. Koresha uturindantoki two mu busitani niba ukorera mu butaka.
• Karaba intoki zawe neza n'isabune n'amazi ashyushye mbere yo gutegura amafunguro, kurya, cyangwa nyuma yo gukora ku butaka.
• Igisha abana bawe akamaro ko gukaraba intoki buri gihe kandi ubabuze gushyira intoki zanduye mu kanwa kabo.
• Karaba, uhanagure, kandi uteke imbuto n'imboga mbisi neza, cyane cyane iyo bihingwa mu turere imyanda y'abantu ikoreshwa nk'ifumbire.
• Irinde kwituma mu buryo bw'isuku buri gihe. Koresha ibikoresho by'isuku bikwiye kugira ngo wirinde kwanduza ubutaka n'amazi byo mu gace utuyemo.

Ni iki gitegerezo cy'igihe kirekire cya Ascariasis?

Igipimo cy'indwara ya Ascariasis ni cyiza cyane . Iyi ndwara irakira burundu, kandi iyo uvuwe vuba kandi ukoresheje imiti irwanya udukoko, ntabwo ushobora kugira ibibazo by'ubuzima igihe kirekire. Menya neza ko ufata imiti yawe uko yanditswe kandi ugakomeza kugira isuku kugira ngo wirinde kongera kwandura indwara mu gihe kizaza.

Bigenda bite iyo Ascariasis itavuwe?

Inzoka zikuze zigira igihe cyo kubaho cy’umwaka umwe cyangwa ibiri mu mubiri wawe. Iyo zimaze gupfa mu buryo busanzwe, zizasohoka mu mwanda wawe. Iyo udakomeje kumira amagi menshi, ubwandu buzahita bwiyongera kandi bugakira burundu.

Ariko, gukoresha uburyo bwo "gutegereza urebe" ntibyemewe . Kureka indwara y'inzoka zo mu nda ikavurwa bigutera ibyago bibabaza kandi biteje akaga. Byongeye kandi, niba utuye cyangwa usuye ahantu hashobora gutera ibyago byinshi, guhora uhura n'iyi ndwara bivuze ko ushobora kurwara indwara zidakira kandi zisubira inyuma.

Niba wowe cyangwa umwana wawe mufite ibimenyetso by'indwara y'inzoka, cyangwa mubonye inzoka zizengurutse mu mwanda wanyu, gisha inama umuganga cyangwa musure ivuriro ryo hafi yanyu ako kanya .

Ibibazo ushobora kubaza muganga wawe

Mu gihe ugisha inama muganga wawe, dore ibibazo bike ushobora kwibaza:

• Ni ibihe bipimo njye cyangwa umwana wanjye dukeneye kugira ngo nemeze ko afite iyi ndwara?
• Ni uwuhe muti wizewe kandi utanga umusaruro mwiza kuri njye?
• Nkwiye gufata uyu muti igihe kingana iki, kandi se nkeneye kongera kuwufata?
• Ese hari ibimenyetso by'ingorane ngomba kwitondera?
• Ni gute narinda umuryango wanjye wose kwandura cyangwa kongera kwandura?

Amaherezo, Ascariasis ni indwara y’inzoka zo mu nda ishobora kuvurwa cyane, ishobora kwirindwa hakoreshejwe isuku ikwiye mu buzima rusange no kugira isuku ku giti cyawe. Niba uri ahantu hashobora kwibasirwa n’ingaruka mbi, shyira imbere gukaraba intoki, gukaraba no gukuraho umusaruro wawe neza, kandi urebe neza ko ibiryo byose byatetse neza. Niba ubonye ibimenyetso bisanzwe bya Ascariasis, nko kubabara mu nda cyangwa kubabara mu gifu, hamagara muganga wawe. Gufata imiti yihuse igabanya ubukana bw’indwara bizakuraho ubwandu neza, bigufashe kugarura ubuzima bwiza n’amahoro yo mu mutima.

Ubutumwa bwawe bwo kujyana mu rugo

• Ascariasis ni indwara y’inzoka zo mu butaka . Amagi ya mikorosikope yinjira mu mubiri binyuze mu ntoki zanduye, ibiryo bibisi, cyangwa amazi atavuwe.
• Bikunze kugaragara cyane mu bana , cyane cyane mu turere dushyuha dufite isuku nke.
• Ibimenyetso bishobora kuva kuri nta na kimwe kugeza ku kuribwa mu nda, gukorora, umuriro muke, cyangwa kubura umwuka bitewe n'urwego rwandujwemo.
• Biroroshye kuvurwa hakoreshejwe imiti ivura udukoko ihendutse kandi ivura indwara ziterwa n’udukoko.
• Kwirinda biterwa cyane n'amahame y'isuku yo mu rwego rwo hejuru : karaba intoki zawe n'isabune, karaba kandi uhanagure imbuto mbisi, uteke neza ibiryo, kandi ushyigikire ibikorwa remezo by'amazi meza.

Niba ufite ibindi bibazo cyangwa impungenge ku buzima bwawe bw'igogora, ntutindiganye kuvugana n'umuganga wawe w'ibanze. Komeza ugire umutekano kandi ugire ubuzima bwiza! Muri Nirogi Lanka, duhora turi hano kugufasha kubaho ubuzima bwiza kandi bwishimye.