Inkuru y'umutima wawe uririmba - Byose ku ikizamini cya ECG (Electrocardiogram)!

Ese wigeze ukorerwa ECG? Cyangwa se muganga wawe cyangwa umuforomo wawe yigeze kugusaba kuyikora? Wenda ibi bisa nkaho biteye ubwoba kandi bikomeye kuri wewe. Ariko ECG mu by'ukuri ni ikizamini cyoroshye cyane, kidatera ububabare , ariko gifite akamaro cyane. Uyu munsi, tugiye kuvuga ku cyo ECG ari cyo, icyo ikora, n'icyo ishobora kutubwira mu buryo bworoshye kandi bwumvikana.

ECG (Electrocardiogram) ni iki?

Mu magambo make, ECG (electrocardiogram) ni ikizamini cyandika imikorere y'amashanyarazi y'umutima wawe . By'umwihariko, gipima imiraba mito y'amashanyarazi ikorwa iyo umutima wawe utera. Abaganga bayikoresha mu bintu byinshi, nko gusuzuma ibibazo by'umutima cyangwa kureba uburyo ubuvuzi runaka bugira ingaruka ku mutima wawe.

Iki ni ikizamini cyihuse cyane kandi kidakoreshwa mu gupima. Ushobora kugikora uryamye ku buriri. Hari igihe ECG ifatwa nk'igice cy'ikizamini cy'umuvuduko mu gihe cy'imyitozo ngororamubiri. Ushobora kuba warumvise ko "amasaha magufi" amwe ashobora gufata ECG. Ariko, ikintu cyiza ni ugusaba muganga gukora ECG ikwiye no gusuzuma raporo .

Ushobora kuba warumvise byitwa ECG na EKG. Ntugahangayike, ni ibintu bimwe . Ijambo EKG rikomoka mu rurimi rw'Ikidage, aho inyuguti 'k' ikoreshwa aho gukoresha inyuguti 'c'.

Icy'ingenzi: Ese ECG (Electrocardiogram) itandukanye na ``Echocardiogram''? ``Echocardiogram'' ni ``Ultrasound scan'' y'umutima. Igaragaza amashusho y'uko umutima utera. ECG ireba imikorere y'amashanyarazi y'umutima.

Ese hari ubwoko bwa ECG?

Yego, hari ubwoko butandukanye bw'imashini za ECG. Abaganga bazikoresha bitewe n'igihe bakeneye kugira ngo bakurikirane umuvuduko w'umutima wawe. ECG isanzwe ikorerwa mu bitaro cyangwa kwa muganga. Ifata amajwi y'imikorere y'amashanyarazi y'umutima mu gihe gito cyane (ubusanzwe amasegonda 10) . Tekereza rero niba ufite indwara y'umutima idahora ibaho, ariko rimwe na rimwe, ushobora kuyibura niba utabonye ECG ako kanya. Ni nk'aho interineti yacu yo mu rugo ihagarara kandi ikora neza kugeza igihe umuntu aza kuyikosora.

Kubwibyo, hari ubundi bwoko bwa ECG bushobora gukoreshwa mu bihe nkibi:

• ECG isanzwe ifite ubushobozi bwo gupima 12: Ubu ni bwo bwoko wasanga busanzwe iyo ugiye kwa muganga. Ntuzemererwa kujyana iki gikoresho mu rugo.
• Imashini ikoresha amashanyarazi y'igihe gito, ishobora kwambarwa - urugero: Imashini ikoresha amashanyarazi ya Holter: Iki ni igikoresho gito. Ugikoresha amasaha 24 cyangwa 48. Ihora ifata amashanyarazi y'umutima wawe mu gihe ukora imirimo yawe isanzwe ya buri munsi.
• Igenzura ry'ibyabaye: Iki gikoreshoIgomba kwambarwa icyumweru kimwe cyangwa kirenga. Iyo ufite ikimenyetso (urugero: indwara y'umutima), ushobora gukanda buto hanyuma ukandika uko umutima wawe utera muri icyo gihe.
• Akamashini gafata umugongo gashyirwa mu mubiri: Aka ni agakoresho gato cyane muganga ashyira munsi y'uruhu rwawe . Gashobora gusigara mu mwanya wako imyaka myinshi.
• Imyitozo ngororamubiri ya ECG (ECG yo gupima stress): Muri ibi, uba uhujwe n'imashini ya ECG kandi ECG ifatwa mu gihe ugenda kuri ``(Treadmill). Ibi bikorwa kugira ngo harebwe uko umutima wawe witabira iyo ufite stress.

ECG ikorwa ryari?

Umuganga ashobora gufata icyemezo cyo gukora ikizamini cya ECG bitewe n'impamvu zitandukanye. Impamvu z'ingenzi ni ugusuzuma cyangwa kwemeza indwara zimwe na zimwe:

• Imivuduko y'umutima idasanzwe (Arrhythmia) cyangwa ibitagenda neza mu kohereza ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi.
• Kugabanuka kw'amaraso ajya mu mitsi y'umutima (ischemia) - Ibi bishobora guterwa n'indwara y'imitsi itera umutima.
• Ikibazo kiri mu mitsi y'umutima wawe.
• Indwara z'umutima zivukanwa - indwara y'umutima ibaho igihe umuntu avuka.
• Reba niba warigeze kugira indwara y'umutima cyangwa se warigeze kuyirwara mbere.
• Reba niba icyumba cy'umutima cyagutse.
• Reba niba umutima wangiritse cyangwa umutima wananiwe.

Nanone, abaganga bakoresha ECG kugira ngo:

• Mbere yuko ubagwa bikomeye, banza umenye neza ko umutima wawe witeguye kubigeraho.
• Niba ufite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara indwara z'umutima, suzuma ubuzima bw'umutima wawe.
• Niba ufite pacemaker, reba uko ikora.
• Reba uburyo umuti mushya w’indwara z’umutima ukora.
• Genzura uko umutima uhagaze nyuma yo gukubita umutima.

Muganga ashobora gutumiza ECG niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso:

• Kubabara mu gatuza
• Guhumeka nabi
• Niba wumva unaniwe cyane (Umunaniro)
• Kuzungera
• Kunanirwa / gucika intege
• Cyanosis / amaboko n'ibirenge by'ubururu
• Umutima wawe utera hejuru cyangwa ukagira urusaku rwinshi
• Niba wumva umutima wawe urimo gutera vuba (Umutima utera vuba)
• Kudashobora kongera amaraso mu mutima uko bikenewe mu gihe cy'imyitozo ngororamubiri (Chronotropic incompetence)

Ikizamini cya ECG gikora gite?

Umutima wawe ufite uburyo karemano bwo gupima umutima. Yohereza ikimenyetso cy'amashanyarazi gitangira umutima wawe gutera. Imashini ya ECG yandika iki kimenyetso cy'amashanyarazi ikandika uko kigenda mu mutima wawe, uko imitsi y'umutima ikora kandi ikaruhuka, buri gutera k'umutima. Aya makuru agaragara kuri mudasobwa nk'ishusho y'umuraba (haba ku rupapuro rwa grafi cyangwa kuri ecran) . Abaganga bashobora kumenya uko umutima wawe umeze bareba.

Ubusanzwe ECG itangwa cyangwa igakorwa n'inzobere mu by'umutima. Ariko, ishobora no gukorerwa mu modoka y'imbangukiragutabara, mu cyumba cy'ubutabazi bw'ibanze, cyangwa iyo ugiye kwa muganga usanzwe. Ushobora gukorerwa ECG mu biro bya muganga, mu bitaro, cyangwa mu ivuriro ry'abarwayi bataha.

Witegura ute ECG?

Ushobora kurya no kunywa bisanzwe mbere yo kwipimisha ECG. Ariko wibuke ibi bintu mbere yo kwambara ku munsi wo kwipimisha ECG:

• Ntugashyireho amavuta cyangwa amavuta y'uruhu (amavuta yo kwisiga, amavuta yo kwisiga) kuko amashanyarazi atazahuza neza n'uruhu.
• Ntukambare imyenda y'ijisho yuzuye, kuko bizasaba ko electrode zishyirwa ku maguru.
• Ambara ishati yoroshye gukuramo, kuko electrode zizaba zifatanye n'igituza cyawe.

Bigenda bite iyo ECG ikozwe?

Umufasha w’umuganga cyangwa umuforomo azashyiraho "electrodes" zigera kuri 12 hamwe n’udupira duto two gufata ku gituza cyawe, amaboko, n’amaguru. Ubusanzwe, "electrodes" esheshatu zifatanye n’igituza cyawe n’esheshatu ku maboko no ku maguru yawe. Amakuru ava muri izi "sensors" yoherezwa kuri mashini binyuze muri "insinga" cyangwa "leads". Niyo mpamvu yitwa "12-lead ECG."

Kugira ngo ubone isano nziza, ushobora gukenera kogosha umusatsi muri utwo duce. Bifata iminota 10 kugira ngo ushyireho electrodes no kurangiza ikizamini cya ECG. Ariko, imikorere y'umutima mu by'ukuri ifatwa mu gihe gito cyane, amasegonda 10.

Niba ufite "ECG yo kuruhuka", ugomba kuryama mu buriri ukaruhuka. Niba ufite "stress test", ugomba kugenda ku "treadmill".

Mudasobwa ikora ishusho (yaba ku rupapuro rwa grafi cyangwa ecran) y'imiraba y'amashanyarazi inyura mu mutima wawe. Ntuzumva ububabare cyangwa ngo ugire ikibazo kuko amakuru yoherezwa kuri mudasobwa avuye kuri electrodes.

Ama-electrode azaguma ku ruhu rwawe kugeza igihe ikizamini cya ECG kirangiye.

Ni iki kibaho nyuma ya ECG?

Iyo ikizamini kirangiye, muganga cyangwa umuforomo azakuraho uduce twose tw’amashanyarazi. Nyuma y’ibyo, ushobora gukora imirimo yawe isanzwe. Byoroshye cyane, sibyo?

ECG igaragaza iki?

Mu gihe umuganga areba ECG, areba cyane cyane ingano y'imikorere y'amashanyarazi, imbaraga zayo, n'igihe gihita hagati y'ibice bitandukanye by'imiraba y'amashanyarazi (`imiraba cyangwa imisozi`).

Ibice by'ingenzi bya ECG n'ibyo basoma ni ibi bikurikira:

• Ibyumba bibiri byo hejuru by'umutima wawe (`Atria`) - aho umutima utangirira - bitanga umuraba wa mbere, ``P wave`` .
• Ibyumba bibiri biri hasi mu mutima wawe (`Ventricles`) ni byo birema agasozi kanini gakurikiraho, QRS complex .
• Umuraba wa gatatu, 'T wave', werekana uko umutima uruhuka, cyangwa 'usubira', nyuma yo gutera.

Ese hari ingaruka zishobora guterwa n'iki kizamini?

ECG ni ikizamini gito cyane. Nta mirasire cyangwa amashanyarazi yoherezwa mu mubiri wawe. Ushobora kugira ubutuku cyangwa kwishima iyo uduce duto duto twakuweho. Uretse ibyo, nta kibazo gikomeye. Rero nta mpamvu yo guhangayika.

Ibisubizo biboneka bite? Bivuga iki?

ECG isanzwe kandi nzima igomba kugira imiterere ihoraho y'imiraba. Agahu gato (`P wave`), hanyuma umuvuduko (`QRS complex`), hanyuma akandi gahu gato (`T wave`), byose mu buryo bumwe kandi mu gihe kimwe. Ibi bivuze ko umutima wawe utera buri gihe kandi mu buryo bw'umuvuduko.

Imiterere idasanzwe y'imiraba ni bwo buryo bwonyine bwo kumenya ikibazo. Mu kureba impinduka ziri muri ECG, muganga ashobora kumenya igice cy'umutima kidakora neza cyangwa ubwoko bw'indwara. Inzira umutima utera iragoye cyane, kandi ibice byinshi by'umutima birabigiramo uruhare.

Bitwara igihe kingana iki kugira ngo umenye ibisubizo?

Niba ibisubizo bya ECG byawe bibonetse ako kanya, muganga wawe azashobora kukubwira byinshi kuri byo ako kanya, cyane cyane niba ukeneye ubuvuzi bwihutirwa. Ariko, niba ECG yawe yakozwe nk'ikizamini gisanzwe cyangwa nk'igice cy'ibizamini byinshi mbere yo kubagwa bitari iby'umutima, bishobora gufata iminsi mike kugira ngo ubone ibisubizo.

Muganga wawe azabika kandi inyandiko zawe za ECG kugira ngo azigereranye n'iza ECG z'ejo hazaza.

Niba ibisubizo bidasanzwe, ni iki ukurikizaho?

Icyo gukora gikurikiraho giterwa n'impamvu ya ECG.

• Tekereza ufite pacemaker, kandi niba ECG igaragaje ko idakora neza, muganga ashobora guhindura imiterere yayo.
• Iyo ECG iguteye amakenga ku ndwara runaka, muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba gukora ibindi bipimo (urugero: echocardiogram, stress test, ibizamini by'amaraso) kugira ngo byemezwe.
• Iyo ECG yemeje ko ufite ikibazo cy'umutima, muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira imiti ikwiye, ubundi buryo bwo kuvura, cyangwa ndetse no kubagwa.

Ese nkeneye kongera kubonana na muganga?

Ugomba kongera kubonana na muganga wawe muri ibi bihe:

• Bite se niba hashize iminsi mike ECG ikorewe kandi nta kintu na kimwe wumva ku bisubizo byayo?
• Niba ibimenyetso byawe (urugero: kubabara mu gatuza, kubura umwuka) ari bibi kurusha mbere ya ECG.
• Niba ufite ibindi bibazo ku byo muganga yavuze, icyo wakora nyuma yaho, cyangwa niba hari icyo ukeneye gusobanura.

Amaherezo, ibuka ibi.

Ni ibisanzwe kumva ufite ubwoba no guhangayika iyo twumvise ibyerekeye ibizamini by'umutima. Ariko, ubu uzi ko ECG (Electrocardiogram) ari ikizamini cyihuse cyane, kidatera ububabare, kandi cy'ingenzi cyane . Amakuru atanga ashobora kubwira muganga wawe byinshi ku mikorere y'umutima wawe n'ubuzima bw'umutima wawe.

Bitewe n'ibisubizo bya ECG, ushobora gutangira ubuvuzi ukeneye vuba, bikagufasha kugira ubuzima bwiza kandi ukagira ubuzima bwiza. Rero, ntutinye kubaza muganga wawe ibibazo ufite kuri ECG, uko byaba bingana kose. Barahari kugira ngo bagufashe.

` ECG, EKG, electrocardiogram, ikizamini cy'umutima, indwara z'umutima, umuvuduko w'umutima, ubuzima bw'umutima