Reka twige byose kuri Gland ya Pituitary: "umuyobozi" muto w'umubiri wawe!

Ese wigeze utekereza ko akazu gato mu mubiri wawe, nka moteri y'imodoka, gategeka umubiri wawe wose? Ntabwo ari igitangaza? Aka kazu gato, gato nk'agashaza, kari munsi y'ubwonko bwacu, gakora ibintu byinshi bitangaje, kitwa agazu k'ubwonko . Reka tuvuge kuri uyu "mutware" muto uyu munsi, si byo se?

Indwara ya pituitary ni iki? Iherereye he?

Mu magambo make, agahu ka pituitari kawe ni agahu gato kangana n'agashaza, gaherereye mu nsi y'ubwonko bwawe, munsi gato y'ikindi gice cy'ingenzi cyitwa hypothalamus . Gaherereye mu cyumba gito kirinzwe kiri mu nsi y'ubwonko bwawe. Iki cyumba twita Sella Turcica . Iki ni igice cy'imikorere y'imisemburo yawe. Gakora ubwoko bwinshi bw'imisemburo ikenewe ku mibiri yacu, kandi kabwira izindi misemburo y'imisemburo kurekura iyo misemburo. Ni nto, ariko gakora akazi kanini, si byo se?

Noneho ushobora kuba wibaza icyo gisabo ari cyo n'imisemburo ari cyo.

Ingirabuzimafatizo ni urugingo rukora ikintu kimwe cyangwa byinshi, nk'imisemburo, imitobe y'igogora, ibyuya, n'amarira. Ingirabuzimafatizo z'imisemburo zisohora imisemburo mu maraso mu buryo butaziguye.

Imisemburo ni nk'intumwa z'imiti zihuza imikorere y'imibiri yacu. Zinyura mu maraso zigatanga ubutumwa ku ngingo, uruhu, imitsi n'izindi ngingo. Ubu butumwa bubwira umubiri icyo ugomba gukora n'igihe cyo kubikora.

Ingirabuzimafatizo yawe igabanyijemo ibice bibiri by'ingenzi: ingirabuzimafatizo y'imbere ( imbere) n'ingirabuzimafatizo y'inyuma ( inyuma). Iyi ngirabuzimafatizo ihuzwa na hypothalamus n'agace gato k'imitsi n'amaraso byitwa ingirabuzimafatizo y'inyuma cyangwa infundibulum .

Ni iyihe misemburo y'ingenzi cyane ikorwa n'agace ka pituitary?

Reka turebe imisemburo y'ingenzi ituruka kuri iyi ngirabuzimafatizo nto.

Imisemburo ikomoka ku gice cy'imbere cy'inyuma

Iki gice gitanga kandi kigasohora imisemburo myinshi y'ingenzi mu maraso.

• Imisemburo ya Adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) cyangwa corticotrophine: Ibi bigira ingaruka ku buryo imibiri yacu ikira iyo umuntu agize stress . Ikangura imisemburo ya adrenal kugira ngo ikore "imisemburo ya stress" ya cortisol . Cortisol ifite imirimo myinshi. Urugero, igenzura imikorere y'umubiri , ikomeza umuvuduko w'amaraso , igenzura urugero rw'isukari mu maraso , kandi ikagabanya ububyimbirwe .
• Imisemburo itera imbaraga za follicle (FSH):Niba uri umugabo, FSH itera intanga ngabo. Niba uri umugore, FSH itera intanga ngabo gukora estrogen , ibi bikaba binafasha intanga gukura. Nanone yitwa hormone ya gonadotrophic .
• Imisemburo yo gukura (GH): Ibi bifasha abana gukura, bivuze ko bakura barerure. Ku bantu bakuru, bifasha kubungabunga imitsi n'amagufwa byiza no kugenzura uburyo ibinure bibikwa. GH kandi igira ingaruka ku mikorere y'umubiri wawe (uburyo uhindura ibiryo urya mo ingufu).
• Umusemburo wa Luteinizing (LH): Utera imbaraga mu gutanga intanga iyo ufite intanga, kandi ugatuma testosterone ikorwa iyo ufite intanga. LH nayo ni umusemburo wa gonadotrophic kuko ugenzura imikorere y'intanga n'intanga (nanone yitwa gonads ).
• Prolactine: Ibi bitera konsa nyuma yo kubyara. Bishobora kandi kugira ingaruka ku burumbuke n'imikorere y'imibonano mpuzabitsina ku bantu bakuru.
• Imisemburo itera imbaraga mu mikorere ya tiroyide (TSH): TSH itera imbaraga mu mikorere ya tiroyide kugira ngo ikore imisemburo ya tiroyide, ifasha mu gucunga imikorere y’umubiri wawe, urugero rw’ingufu, n’imikorere y’ubwonko .

Imisemburo ikomoka ku gice cyo hasi cy'inyuma cy'umura

Iki gice ntigitanga imisemburo, ariko imisemburo ibiri ikorwa na hypothalamus irabikwa hano hanyuma ikajya mu maraso iyo bikenewe.

• Umusemburo urwanya diuretike (ADH) cyangwa vasopressin: Uyu musemburo upima ingano y'amazi na sodiyumu mu mubiri wawe.
• Oxytocin: Oxytocin ikorwa na hypothalamus ikabikwa kandi igasohorwa na pituitary gland. Ifasha koroshya igihe cyo kubyara, yohereza ibimenyetso mu mura kugira ngo bikure mu gihe cyo kubyara. Ifasha kandi gutera amashereka no guteza imbere umubano hagati y'ababyeyi n'abana. Oxytocin kandi igira uruhare mu gutuma intanga ngabo zigenda neza.

Ni iyihe mirimo y'ingenzi y'agahu k'ubwonko (pituitary gland)?

Ubu ushobora kuba usobanukiwe akamaro k'aka gakoko gato. Dore zimwe mu nshingano zako z'ingenzi:

• Iterambere
• Metabolisme (ni ukuvuga uburyo uhindura ibiryo urya mo ingufu no gucunga izo ngufu)
• Kororoka
• Guhangana n'imihangayiko cyangwa ibikomere by'umubiri
• Gutanga amashereka
• Ingano y'amazi n'umunyu (sodiyumu)
• Kubyara no kubyara

Tekereza thermostat iri mu rugo rwawe.Ni nk'imwe. Thermostat ihora ikurikirana ubushyuhe mu rugo rwawe kandi ikagufasha kugushimisha, sibyo? Yohereza ibimenyetso ku gishyushya na firigo kugira ngo byongere cyangwa bigabanye ubushyuhe kuri iki gipimo, kugira ngo ubushyuhe mu rugo rwawe bugume ku rwego runaka.

Ingirabuzimafatizo yawe ya pituitari ni kimwe nawe, ikurikirana ibikorwa by'umubiri wawe. Ingirabuzimafatizo ya pituitari yohereza ubutumwa ku ngingo zawe n'ingirabuzimafatizo binyuze mu misemburo yayo, ikavuga iti 'Dore icyo ugomba gukora muri iki gihe.' Uburyo umubiri wawe uhagaze neza biterwa n'ibintu byinshi, nk'imyaka yawe n'igitsina cyawe.

Ni iyihe sano iri hagati ya hypothalamus na pituitary gland?

Ingirabuzimafatizo yawe ya pituitary na hypothalamus bikorana kugira ngo bikore Hypothalamus-Pituitary complex . Iki ni nk'ikigo cy'ingenzi cy'ubwonko bwawe, kigenzura imikorere y'ingenzi y'umubiri wawe.

Hypothalamus ni igice cy'ubwonko bwawe gishinzwe imwe mu mirimo y'ibanze y'umubiri. Yohereza ubutumwa kuri sisitemu yawe y'imitsi igenga umubiri , igenzura ibintu nk'umuvuduko w'amaraso, umuvuduko w'umutima, no guhumeka. Ibwira kandi ingirabuzimafatizo ya pituitary gukora no kurekura imisemburo igira ingaruka ku bindi bice by'umubiri.

Nkuko twabivuze, agahu ka pituitary gahuzwa na hypothalamus n'agahu ka pituitary . Ni muri urwo gahu aho hypothalamus iganira n'agahu ka pituitary k'imbere binyuze mu misemburo ndetse n'agahu ka pituitary k'inyuma binyuze mu mitsi. Oxytocin na hormone irwanya diuretic nabyo bikorwa na hypothalamus. Hypothalamus ishinzwe kubika no kurekura iyi misemburo mu gahu ka pituitary k'inyuma.

Hypothalamus ivugana kandi ikangura ingirabuzimafatizo ya pituitary, ikora imisemburo nka:

• Umusemburo urekura Corticotrophine (CRH)
• Dopamine
• Imisemburo irekura Gonadotropin (GnRH)
• Imisemburo irekura imisemburo ikura (GHRH)
• Somatostatin
• Imisemburo irekura thyrotropin (TRH)

Kubera ko ibi byombi (hypothalamus na pituitary) bikora neza cyane, iyo kimwe cyangiritse, bishobora no kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'imisemburo y'ikindi.

Ese birashoboka kubaho udafite ingirabuzimafatizo ya pituitary?

Yego, ushobora kubaho udafite ingirabuzimafatizo yawe ya pituitary, ariko kugira ngo ubigereho, ugomba gufata imiti yitwa simple therapy kugira ngo usimbuze imisemburo ya pituitary ibura. Kubera ko imisemburo ya pituitary ari ingenzi mu kubungabunga imikorere itandukanye mu mubiri. Iyo imisemburo yose ya pituitary ivuyeho kandi itavuwe, ishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga.

Ni izihe ndwara zifata agahu k'ubwonko (pituitary gland)?

Hari indwara nyinshi zigira ingaruka cyangwa ziterwa n'imikorere y'agahu k'ubwonko. Izi ndwara zishobora kugabanywamo ibice bine by'ingenzi:

• Adenoma y'umuyoboro w'amaraso
• Hypopituitarisme
• Hyperpituitarisme
• Indwara ya sella idafite ikintu

Reka tuvuge kuri buri kimwe muri ibi mu buryo burambuye.

Adenomas y'ubwonko

Ubu ni ubwoko bw'ikibyimba kitarimo indwara kigaragara mu gasabo k'ubwonko. Ibibyimba byo mu bwonko bigizwe na 10% kugeza kuri 15% by'ibibyimba byose bikura mu bwonko.

Ibi bikunze kuba binini cyane. Ariko, iyo bibaye binini cyane, bishobora gutera ibimenyetso binyuze mu gukanda ku bintu biri hafi aho. Hari igihe bishobora gukanda imitsi y'amaso, bigatera ibibazo byo kureba (nk'ugutakaza ubushobozi bwo kureba impande). Ni gake cyane, adenoma nini za pituitary zishobora kuva amaraso.

Adenoma zimwe na zimwe zo mu bwoko bwa pituitary zikora imisemburo myinshi ya pituitary. Izi zitwa adenomas ``Ikora/Isohora``` . Zimwe ntizikora imisemburo iyo ari yo yose. Izi zitwa adenomas ``Zidakora``` .

Hari ubwoko butandukanye bwa adenoma zikora, bitewe n'imisemburo zikora. Adenoma ikora cyane ni prolactine . Ibi bitanga prolactine nyinshi. Prolactine zikunze kuvurwa n'imiti.

Ibibyimba byo mu bwonko binini cyane cyangwa bitanga imisemburo bisaba kuvurwa, akenshi kubagwa .

Hypopituitarisme

Iyi ni indwara aho imisemburo ya pituitary yawe ikora bike cyane ku misemburo imwe, myinshi, cyangwa yose ikora.

Akenshi, imisemburo imwe irabura. Ibura ry'imisemburo ibiri cyangwa irenga ya pituitary ryitwa panhypopituitarism . Ibi bishobora kubaho nyuma yo kubagwa pituitary cyangwa nyuma y'imirasire y'ubwonko .

Impamvu nyamukuru itera hypopituitarism ni ukwangirika kwa pituitary gland cyangwa hypothalamus.

Hari indwara nyinshi zihariye zijyanye n'iki kibazo:

• Kubura imisemburo ikura: Ibi bibaho iyo imisemburo ya pituitary idakora imisemburo ihagije yo gukura (GH). Ku bana, gukura no gukura biragabanuka, kandi ubwangavu buratinda. Ku bantu bakuru, ibibazo by'imikorere y'umubiri bibaho.
• Insipidus yo hagati ya diyabete:Ibi bibaho iyo agahu k'ubwonko kadakora imisemburo ihagije yo kurwanya diuretic (ADH). Ibi bituma umubiri usohora inkari nyinshi kandi ntushobore kubika amazi.
• Kutagira imisemburo ihagije: Ibi bibaho iyo agahu k'ubwonko kadakora imisemburo ihagije ya luteinizing (LH) na follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Ibi bitera ibibazo mu mikorere y'imibonano mpuzabitsina, imikurire, n'uburumbuke.
• Kunanirwa k'ubuhumekero bw'intanga ngabo zo hagati: Ibi bibaho iyo agahu k'ubwonko kadakora ACTH ihagije. Ibi bituma umubiri udashobora gukora cortisol.
• Hypothyroidism yo hagati: Ibi bibaho iyo agahu k'ubwonko kadakora imisemburo ihagije itera tiroyide gutera imbaraga (TSH), bigatuma urugero rw'imisemburo ya tiroyide rugabanuka.

Hypopituitarisme ivurwa no gutanga imisemburo idahagije hanze no kugenzura ingano yayo binyuze mu gupima amaraso.

Hyperpituitarisme

Iyi ni indwara aho ingirabuzimafatizo yawe ikora imisemburo myinshi cyane. Ibi kandi akenshi biterwa n'ingirabuzimafatizo zikora neza (ikibyimba kitari kanseri).

Hari indwara nyinshi zihariye zijyanye n'iki kibazo:

• Acromegaly: Ibi bibaho iyo imisemburo ya pituitary ikora imisemburo myinshi cyane (GH) mu gihe cy'ubukure. Ibi bitera kwaguka kw'ibice bimwe na bimwe by'umubiri, nk'amaboko, ibirenge, n'ingingo z'imbere, ndetse n'ibibazo by'imikorere y'umubiri.
• Gigantism: Ibi bibaho iyo ingirabuzimafatizo ya pituitary ikora imisemburo myinshi cyane (GH) mu bwana cyangwa mu bwangavu. Ibi bitera gukura vuba no kugira uburebure bukabije.
• Indwara ya Cushing: Ibi bibaho iyo agahu k'ubwonko gakora ACTH nyinshi (bituma agahu k'ubwonko gakora cortisol nyinshi). Ibi bishobora gutera kwiyongera ibiro mu buryo butunguranye mu bice bimwe na bimwe by'umubiri, isukari nyinshi mu maraso, ndetse bishobora no gutera diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 .
• Hyperprolactinemia: Ibi bibaho iyo igitsina cya pituitary gikora prolactin nyinshi. Ibi bishobora gutuma uburumbuke bugabanuka ndetse n'amata ava mu mabere (galactorrhea) .

Indwara ya Sella Irimo Ubusa

Indwara ya Sella Idafite Impungenge (ESS) ni indwara idasanzwe. Ibaho iyo agahu k'ubwonko gacitse cyangwa kagabanye bitewe n'ikibazo cy'imiterere y'amagufwa ayikikije kandi akayirinda, yitwa Sella Turcica . Sella Turcica ni icyumba gifite ishusho nk'iy'intebe. Ikomoka ku ijambo ry'ikilatini risobanura "intebe yo muri Turukiya."

Uturemangingo turimo ubusa ni uburyo bwo gusuzuma indwara hakoreshejwe radiyo.Akenshi, ibi ntibiba indwara nyayo, kandi bivumburwa ku buryo bw’impanuka mu gihe cyo gupima.

Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, ESS ishobora gutera ibimenyetso nko kutagira imisemburo ihagije, kuribwa umutwe kenshi, no guhinduka k'amaso. Ariko, niba urugero rw'imisemburo ya pituitary ruri mu rugero rusanzwe, nta mpungenge rufite.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bigaragara iyo habayeho ibibazo ku gasabo k'ubwonko (pituitary gland)?

Adenoma nini zo mu bwonko bw'umuyoboro w'amaraso (izi ni kanseri zitari kanseri) zishobora kwisunika cyangwa kwangiza ingirangingo zegereye aho hantu. Ibi bishobora gutera ibimenyetso nka:

• Ibibazo byo kureba (nk'ubusa bwo kubona mu mpande)
• Umutwe
• Kudahuza kw'imisemburo biterwa no kwiyongera cyangwa kugabanuka kw'imisemburo ya pituitary

Kudahuza kw'imisemburo y'ubwonko bishobora gutera ibimenyetso bitandukanye, bitewe n'imisemburo yangiritse. Ingero zimwe zirimo:

• Gukura buhoro cyangwa kwiyongera cyane mu bana
• Kugabanuka k'uburumbuke ku bagore n'abagabo (Ubugumba)
• Iminsi y'imihango idahwitse
• Kongera ibiro cyangwa kugabanya nta mpamvu
• Ihungabana n'/cyangwa imihangayiko

Niba ufite ibimenyetso bishya kandi bidashira, ni ngombwa cyane kuvugana na muganga wawe. Bashobora gukora ibintu nko gupima amaraso kugira ngo bamenye niba ibimenyetso byawe biterwa n'ikibazo cy'imisemburo cyangwa ikindi kintu.

Ni nde twagombye kubwira ikibazo nk'iki?

Ingorane z'imitsi y'ubwonko zikunze kuvurwa n'abaganga b'indwara z'imitsi .

Umuganga w’indwara z’imitsi ni umuganga wihariye mu ndwara ziterwa n’imisemburo. Ashobora gusuzuma indwara ziterwa n’imisemburo, gutegura gahunda zo kuvura no kuzivura, no kumuha imiti.

Niba ufite ikibazo cy’agahu k’ubwonko, nka adenoma ya pituitary, bigira ingaruka ku miterere y’ubwonko cyangwa bigasaba kubagwa, ushobora gukenera kubonana n’umuganga w’imitsi .

Ni gute abaganga basuzuma ibibazo by'imitsi ya pituitary?

Kubera ko imisemburo ya pituitary yawe isohora imisemburo mu maraso yawe, abaganga bakunze gupima urugero rw'imisemburo ya pituitary binyuze mu bipimo by'amaraso .

Niba urugero rw'imisemburo yawe rudahuye, muganga wawe ashobora kandi gutegeka ko hakorwa ibizamini byo gufata amashusho, nka CT scan cyangwa MRI scan, kugira ngo arebe niba hari ikibazo kiri kuri pituitary gland. Ubusanzwe, MRI yihariye ya pituitary ikorwa kugira ngo ibone neza pituitary gland n'igishishwa cyayo.

Ni gute twakomeza kugira ubuzima bwiza mu mikorere ya pituitary gland?

Uburyo bwiza bwo kubungabunga ubuzima bw'agahu k'ubwonko ni ukurinda umutwe wawe. Ibikomere byo mu mutwe n'ibikomere byo mu bwonko bikomeretse (TBIs)Bishobora kwangiza igitsina cyawe cya pituitary, bigatuma gikora imisemburo myinshi cyane cyangwa mike cyane.

Dore bimwe mu bintu ushobora gukora kugira ngo wirinde ibikomere byo mu mutwe no mu bwonko:

• Ambara umukandara w'imodoka igihe cyose uri mu modoka.
• Fata imodoka neza.
• Ambara ingofero iyo utwaye igare, moto, cyangwa ukina siporo isaba gukora ku muntu.
• Fata ingamba zo kwirinda kugwa, cyane cyane niba uri mu kaga gakomeye ko kugwa. Ibi birimo imyitozo yongera imbaraga n'uburinganire, gukuraho inzitizi n'ibintu binyerera mu rugo rwawe, gukoresha icyuma gifasha kugenda, no kugenzura amaso yawe.
• Niba ufite abana bato, shyira ahantu baba kandi ukine mu mutekano.

Ni ryari wagombye kujya kwa muganga ku bijyanye n'indwara ya pituitary?

Niba ufite ibimenyetso bya adenoma ya pituitary cyangwa ibimenyetso by'ihindagurika ry'imisemburo, ni ngombwa cyane kuvugana na muganga wawe. Bashobora gukora ibizamini kugira ngo barebe niba hari ikibazo kiri ku gahu ka pituitary.

Niba uherutse kugira imvune ikomeye mu bwonko (Traumatic Brain Injury - TBI) , muganga wawe ashobora gukurikirana imikorere y'agahu k'ubwonko kawe kugira ngo arebe niba gakora neza kandi niba karangiritse bitewe n'imvune.

Muri make, dore ibintu tugomba kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo):

Ingirabuzimafatizo yawe ya pituitary ni ingirabuzimafatizo nto cyane, ariko ikomeye kandi igenzura ibikorwa byinshi by'ingenzi mu mubiri wawe wose! Ni nk'aho ari 'umuyobozi' muto.

Ikora imisemburo igenzura ibintu byinshi, harimo imikurire yawe, igogora, uburumbuke, n'uburyo uhangana n'imihangayiko. Rero, kubungabunga aka gakoko gato ni ingenzi cyane.

• Wite ku mutwe wawe: ambara ingofero, komeza umutekano.
• Menya ibimenyetso bidasanzwe: Bibwire muganga niba urwaye umutwe udakira, ufite ibibazo byo kutabona neza, ufite ihindagurika ry’ibiro ritunguranye, cyangwa umunaniro ukabije.
• Ntugahangayike: ibibazo byinshi by’udukoko twa pituitary bifite uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura. Iyo bigaragaye hakiri kare, bishobora gukemurwa neza.

Ubu uzi byinshi kuri iki gice gito gitangaje cy'umubiri wawe. Niba ufite ikibazo cyangwa impungenge, ntugatinye kuvugana na muganga. Komeza ube muzima!

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