Ubwoba bukomeye umubyeyi cyangwa se ufite umwana uvutse ni uko umwana we azarwara. Tekereza umwana wawe muto atangira kuruka ashyushye afite umuriro kandi akagira amazi mu nda. Ubwoba wumva iyo umwana wawe apfuye atanyoye amata make ntibuvugwa. Uyu munsi turimo kuvuga kuri virusi ishobora gutera indwara zo mu nda zikomeye, cyane cyane ku bana bato. Iyo ni virusi ya rotavirus. Ariko ntugahangayike, ubu hari urukingo rwiza cyane rushobora kurinda abana bacu iyi ndwara iteje akaga.
Mu by'ukuri virusi ya Rotavirusi ni iki?
Muri make, rotavirus ni virusi itera impiswi ikomeye no kuruka mu bana bato. By’umwihariko, itera indwara yo mu nda ikabije. Iyi virusi yamenyekanye kuko isa n’uruziga ruri munsi ya mikorosikopi. Kimwe n’uruziga, iyi virusi ikwirakwira vuba cyane iva ku mwana umwe ijya ku wundi mu muryango.
Mbere y'uko uru rukingo rutangira gukoreshwa, virusi ya rotavirus yari imwe mu ndwara zihitana abana bato ku isi yose. Ku isi yose, abana ibihumbi amagana bari munsi y'imyaka 5 bapfaga bayirwaye buri mwaka. Impamvu nyamukuru ni ukubura amazi menshi bitewe na virusi. Ibi bivuze ko umubiri utakaza amazi.
Iyi virusi iba mu mwanda w'umuntu wayinduye. Iyi virusi ishobora kubaho ku buso ubwo aribwo bwose, nko ku bikinisho, ku rugi, cyangwa ku ntoki igihe kirekire. Abana bato bashobora kwandura iyi ndwara byoroshye iyo bakoze ku buso bwanduye bagashyira amaboko mu kanwa. Ibi ni ukuri cyane cyane mu bigo byita ku bana no mu bitaro. Ishobora kandi gukwirakwizwa n'abantu badakaraba intoki neza nyuma yo guhindura umwana ipantaro.
Ibimenyetso bishobora kumara iminsi 8. Ibimenyetso by'ingenzi ni umuriro, isesemi, kuruka, kubabara mu nda, no kuva amaraso kenshi. Ikintu kibi cyane kuri ibi ni ukubura amazi. Uku kubura amazi ni yo mpamvu nyamukuru ituma umwana ajyanwa mu bitaro cyangwa agapfa.
Uru rukingo rutangwa rute?
Uru rukingo si nk'izindi nkingo. Uru ni urukingo runyobwa . Nta mpamvu yo guhangayikishwa n'uko umwana ashobora gukomereka. Ubu, hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bw'inkingo.
Muganga wawe ni we uzagena urukingo rukwiye n'umubare w'inkingo ku mwana wawe. Uru rukingo rushobora gutangwa ku minsi imwe n'inkingo zisanzwe z'umwana wawe, hamwe n'izindi nkingo.
| Izina ry'urukingo | Uburyo bwo gutanga |
|---|---|
| RotaTeq (RV5) | Hakenewe doze 3. Akenshi itangwa ku mezi 2, 4, na 6. |
| Rotarix (Rotarix - RV1) | Hakenewe doze ebyiri. Akenshi itangwa ku mezi 2 n'ane y'amavuko. |
Urukingo rwa rotavirus rufite akamaro kangana iki?
Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko uru rukingo rushobora gukumira hafi 74% by'ubwandu bwa rotavirus. Ibyo bivuze ko mu bana 100 bahabwa urukingo, 74 batazarwara iyi ndwara.
Ariko hari ikindi kintu cy'ingenzi kurushaho. Uru rukingo rurinda indwara zikomeye ku kigero cya 98% . Runagabanya ibyago byo kujya mu bitaro bitewe na rotavirus ku kigero cya 96%. Muri make, niba umwana wawe ahawe urukingo, ntabwo bishoboka ko ruzaba rukomeye, rudafite amazi menshi kandi rugomba kujya mu bitaro mu Ishami ryita ku Butabazi bw'Ibanze (ETU) . Iri ni ryo kiguzi kinini cy'uru rukingo.
Ese uru rukingo rufite umutekano koko?
Yego, iki ni ikibazo ababyeyi benshi bibaza. Urukingo rwa rotavirus ruri gukoreshwa ubu rwageragejwe ku bana barenga 70.000 mbere y'uko rwemezwa. Ibyo bizamini byose byemeje ko urukingo rufite umutekano ukabije.
Hari urundi rukingo rwitwaga `(RotaShield)`. Ariko rwakuwe ku isoko kuko byagaragaye ko rwongera gato ibyago byo kurwara indwara idakunze kugaragara yitwa `(Intussusception).` (Intussusception)` ni igihe igice cy'amara gifata mu kindi gice, bigatuma amara afungana.
Ariko inkingo ebyiri dukoresha ubu, RotaTeq na Rotarix, byagaragaye ko zidakomeza kwiyongera kw'ibyo byago . Kubwibyo, ni nziza cyane kuziha abana.
Ese hari abana badakwiye guhabwa urukingo rwa rotavirus?
Yego, hari ibihe byihariye aho uru rukingo rudakwiye. Muri ibyo bihe, ugomba kuvugana na muganga wawe .
- Umwana wagize ubwivumbure bukomeye ku gipimo cy’uru rukingo yabanje ntazongera guhabwa uru rukingo ukundi.
- Niba umwana afite indi ndwara iringaniye cyangwa ikomeye (urugero: umuriro mwinshi, izuru riva) ku munsi urukingo rutangwa, ni byiza gutegereza kugeza umwana akize neza mbere yo gutanga urukingo.
- Ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bw'umwana buragabanuka.Niba ufite, ugomba kubimenyesha muganga wawe mbere yo gukingirwa. Zimwe mu mpamvu zishobora gutuma ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wawe bugabanuka harimo:
- Indwara zigira ingaruka ku budahangarwa bw'umubiri, nka VIH/SIDA.
- Gukoresha imiti nka steroid igihe kirekire.
- Niba urwaye kanseri cyangwa uri guhabwa imiti ya kanseri (X-rays cyangwa imiti).
Ingaruka mbi z'urukingo ni izihe?
Kimwe n'urukingo urwo ari rwo rwose, uru rushobora guteza ingaruka mbi nto, ariko abana benshi nta ngaruka mbi bagira.
Ariko, mu bihe bike cyane, umuntu ashobora kugira ubwivumbure bukomeye. Ibi ni gake cyane. Iyo ibi bibaye, ibimenyetso bikurikira bishobora kugaragara:
| Ibimenyetso by'ubwivumbure bukomeye (bidakunze kugaragara cyane) | |
|---|---|
| Guhumeka bigoranye | Ijwi ry'umuvuduko |
| Udukoko tw'imitsi | Ubusa |
| Umutima utera cyane | |
Ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, ugomba guhita ujyana umwana wawe mu ishami rishinzwe ubuvuzi bwihutirwa (ETU) ry’ibitaro biri hafi yawe . Ariko nanone, amahirwe yo kuba ikintu nk’iki cyabaho ni make cyane.
Akenshi, ingaruka mbi z'igihe gito kandi ntoya ni zo zigaragara.
| Ingaruka mbi z'igihe gito, ntoya | |
|---|---|
| Uduce duto tw'amata cyangwa kuruka | Kuryama kare gato |
| Kurakara cyane mu mwana (kinking) | |
Ibi bintu akenshi birashira mu munsi umwe cyangwa ibiri. Niba ufite impungenge kuri ibi, vugana na muganga w’umuryango wawe.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Rotavirusi ni indwara itera kuruka cyane no gucibwamo mu bana bato, kandi ishobora guteza akaga bitewe no kubura amazi mu mubiri.
- Urukingo rutangwa kuri ibi si urushinge, ahubwo ni amazi atangwa mu kanwa. Kubwibyo, umwana ntababara.
- Inkingo zikoreshwa ubu ni nziza cyane kandi zifite akamaro kanini mu kurinda umwana kurwara bikomeye no gukenera kujya mu bitaro.
- Ingaruka mbi nke (kurakara, kuruka gato) zishobora kubaho nyuma yo gukingirwa, ariko ni iz'igihe gito. Indwara zikomeye z'ubwivumbure ni gake cyane.
- Vugana na muganga wawe ku byerekeye gahunda yo gukingira umwana wawe indwara ya rotavirus hamwe n'ibibazo ushobora kuba ufite.
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