Reka twige ku mitsi 12 yihariye ituruka mu bwonko bwawe? (Imitsi yo mu bwonko)

Hari ibintu byinshi bitangaje biba mu mibiri yacu, si byo se? Ushobora no kutabitekerezaho, ariko hari intumwa z'ingenzi cyane zitwara ubutumwa buva mu bwonko bwawe, atari ku mutwe wawe, mu maso no mu ijosi gusa, ahubwo no mu gituza cyawe. Ibyo nibyo tugiye kuvugaho uyu munsi. Ibi tubyita imitsi yo mu mutwe, cyangwa mu Cyongereza, `(Imitsi yo mu mutwe)`.

Iyi mitsi yo mu mutwe ni iki?

Mu magambo make, imitsi yo mu mutwe wawe ni itsinda ry'imitsi 12. Imeze nk'insinga z'amashanyarazi. Yohereza kandi ikakira ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi bivuye mu bwonko bwawe ikabishyira mu bice bitandukanye by'umutwe wawe, mu maso, mu ijosi no mu gituza cyo hejuru. Ibi bimenyetso ni byo bigufasha kubona, guhumurirwa, kuryoherwa, kumva, no kwimura imitsi yo mu maso yawe kugira ngo umwenyure kandi uvuge. Iyi mitsi itangirira inyuma y'ubwonko bwawe. Ni igice cy'ingenzi cyane cy'imitsi yawe.

Iyo utekereje ku byo ubona, kumva, guhumurirwa no kuryoherwa, uhita utekereza ku bintu nk'amaso, amatwi, amazuru n'umunwa. Ariko, iyo iyi mitsi yo mu mutwe idakora neza, ibyumviro byawe ntibishobora gukora neza. Ni nayo mitsi yo mu mutwe igufasha kugaragaza isura itandukanye no kuvugana n'abandi.

Hari imitsi ingana iki? Iherereye he?

Ufite imitsi 12 yo mu bwonko. Buri mitsi igabanyijemo kabiri, ikorera impande ebyiri z'ubwonko n'impande ebyiri z'umubiri. Urugero, ufite imitsi ibiri yo mu bwonko ihumura (imitsi yumva impumuro). Imwe iri ibumoso bw'ubwonko, indi iri iburyo.

Ebyiri muri izi nerve - umutsi wawe ukoresha impumuro (uwo ugenzura impumuro yawe) n'umutsi wawe ukoresha ikoranabuhanga (uwo ugenzura icyerekezo cyawe) - bitangirira mu bwonko bwawe. Ubwonko ni cyo gice kinini cy'ubwonko bwawe. Izindi nerve 10 zitangirira mu bwonko bwawe. Ubu bwonko ni bwo buhuza ubwonko bwawe n'umugongo.

Wari ubizi? Imitsi miremire muri iyi mitsi yo mu mutwe ni Vagus Neva. Ituruka mu bwonko bwawe ikagera mu mara yawe manini, ihuzwa n'ingingo nyinshi mu nzira.

Ni iyihe mirimo y'ingenzi y'imitsi yo mu bwonko?

Imitsi yawe yo mu gahanga ikubiyemo amakuru ajyanye n'ibyumviro n'ibijyanye n'imikorere y'umubiri cyangwa uburyo umubiri ugenda .

Imitsi yo mu bwonko igufasha:

• Umva uko ukozeho, umva ububabare n'ubushyuhe.
• Umva amajwi.
• Ibintu biragaragara.
• Impumuro.
• Uburyohe.

Imitsi yo mu mutwe ifasha kugenzura imitsi runaka . Imitsi imwe n'imwe yo mu mutwe ishobora gukora imirimo yo kumva no gukora imirimo yo mu mutwe.

Buri mitsi 12 yo mu mutwe wawe ifite akazi kayo. Abaganga bayishyira mu byiciro hakurikijwe umubare n'imikorere yayo. Reka turebe ibyo ari byo:

1. Imitsi ihumeka (CN I)

Ibi nibyo biguha impumuro nziza. Tekereza ko ushobora kumva impumuro nziza y'ibiryo cyangwa impumuro y'indabyo bitewe n'iyi mitsi.

2. Imitsi y'amaso (CN II)

Uru rugingo ni rwo rutwara amakuru ubona, ni ukuvuga kureba , mu bwonko.

3. Imitsi yo mu bwonko (CN III)

Uyu mutsi ugufasha kwimura amaso yawe, kuzamura amaso yawe, no kwagura imboni ukurikije urumuri .

4. Imitsi yo mu bwonko ya Trochlear (CN IV)

Uyu mutsi ugufasha kureba hasi, kuzunguza izuru ryawe uruhande rumwe, cyangwa kuzunguza izuru ryawe urundi ruhande .

5. Imitsi yo mu bwoko bwa Trigeminal (CN V)

Uyu mutsi w'ingenzi cyane. Ni wo uguha kumva (gukoraho, kubabara) mu maso yawe, mu maso yawe hafi ya hose, no mu kanwa kawe . Si ibyo gusa, uyu mutsi unagufasha guhekenya ibiryo byawe .

6. Kugabanya imitsi (CN VI)

Uyu mutsi ugufasha kwerekeza amaso yawe ibumoso n'iburyo .

7. Imitsi yo mu maso (Imitsi yo mu maso - CN VII)

Igenzura imitsi myinshi igenzura isura, nko mu gihe umwenyura cyangwa upfutse isura. Ni n'imitsi igufasha kumva uburyohe bw'igice cy'ururimi rwawe .

8. Vestibulocochlear Nerv (CN VIII)

Ibi nibyo bigufasha kumva ibintu no kubungabunga uburinganire bw'umubiri wawe .

9. Imitsi yo mu bwonko (CN IX)

Ifite uruhare mu gutuma ikindi gice cy'ururimi rwawe kiryoha, ndetse ikagenzura uburyo ibiryo bimira . Byongeye kandi, ifite imitsi igabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso, kandi ikagira uruhare mu gukora amacandwe.

10. Imitsi yo mu nda (CN X)

Uyu mutsi w’ingenzi cyane. Ugenga ibikorwa byinshi byikora mu mubiri wawe, nko gusya, umuvuduko w’amaraso, umuvuduko w’umutima, guhumeka, amarangamutima, no gukora amacandwe . Ni wo mutsi w’ingenzi mu mitsi yawe y’ubwonko ya parasympathetic .

11. Imitsi yo mu bwonko (Imitsi yo mu bwonko / Imitsi yo mu bwonko - CN XI)

Uyu mutsi ufasha kugenzura ingendo z'ibitugu byawe n'ijosi .

12. Imitsi yo mu bwonko igabanya ubukana bw'amaraso (CN XII)

Igenzura imigendere y'ururimi rwawe , ibyo bikaba ari ingenzi cyane iyo uvuga, urya, kandi umira.

Ni ibihe bibazo bigira ingaruka kuri iyi mitsi yo mu mutwe?

Iyo imwe muri izi nerve zo mu gahanga yangiritse mu buryo runaka, ntabwo ikora neza. Ibi bishobora gutera ibibazo byihariye byo kugenda cyangwa kumva bitewe n'imikorere y'iyo nerve. Hari impamvu nyinshi zishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'iyi nerve. Urugero:

• Ibikomere byo mu mutwe`(Ihungabana ryo mu Mutwe / Ihungabana ryo mu Mutwe)`. Tekereza, nko gukubita umutwe wawe mu mpanuka.
• Indwara z'imitsi cyangwa ubwonko , urugero, indwara nka neuropathy na amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
• Gukanda imitsi y'amaraso, ibibyimba, cyangwa kubyimba hafi y'imitsi.
• Ibibazo by'imitsi inyuramo amaraso , urugero, indwara z'imitsi mito (indwara y'imitsi mito), indwara yo gucika kw'amaraso mu bwonko.
• Ubwivumbure buterwa n'indwara zimwe na zimwe , urugero, virusi ya Herpes Zoster (iyi ni yo virusi itera indwara nka measles na chickenpox, kandi igatera indwara yitwa shingles).
• Indwara ziterwa n'ubwiyongere bw'umubiri ni indwara aho ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwibasira umubiri. Urugero, scleroderma, Sjögren's syndrome.
• Gukomereka mu buryo butunguranye mu gihe cyo kubagwa ubwonko, mu maso, cyangwa mu menyo.

Indwara zo mu bwonko zo mu mutwe (Cranial Never Palsy) ni iki?

Iyo habayeho ikibazo ku mitsi yo mu mutwe igenzura uko umuntu agenda, abaganga bayita "palsy." "Palsy" bivuze ikintu nk' "paralysis" cyangwa "gutakaza ubuzima." Ibi bitera intege nke z'imitsi n'ibibazo byo kugenda.

Dore ingero zimwe na zimwe z'imikorere mibi y'imitsi yo mu mutwe:

• Indwara ya gatatu y'imitsi / Oculomotor Palsy: Muri iki kibazo, rimwe mu maso yawe rikunze kugaragara nk'aho ryahindukiye rigana hasi no hanze.
• Indwara ya Kane y'Imitsi / Indwara ya Trochlear: Ibi bikunze gutera kureba kabiri mu mwanya ugororotse, no kugorwa no kureba hasi.
• Indwara ya Gatandatu y'Imitsi / Abducens Neurve Palsy: Muri iki kibazo, amaso ashobora kutajyana (Strabismus) kandi hashobora kubaho kureba kabiri.
• Bell's Palsy: Iyi ni indwara igira ingaruka ku mitsi yo mu maso. Iyi ni indwara idakora neza mu mitsi yo mu maso. Ubusanzwe, uruhande rumwe rw'isura rutakaza imbaraga zarwo by'agateganyo kandi rugacika intege.

Ni izihe ndwara zindi zishobora kugira ingaruka kuri iyi mitsi?

Indi ndwara yihariye y’imitsi yo mu mutwe ni trigeminal neuralgia . Ibi birangwa n’ububabare bukomeye kandi budashobora kwihanganira mu maso. Ubu bubabare bushobora kuba bukomeye cyane ku buryo bishobora kugorana gukora imirimo ya buri munsi. Ibi bikunze kubaho iyo imitsi yo mu mutwe ikandamijwe n’umuyoboro w’amaraso.

Imitsi imwe n'imwe yo mu gahanga, nk'imitsi yawe y'amaso n'imitsi y'abagore, ishobora kugira ibibazo bitandukanye. Urugero, indwara zigira ingaruka ku mitsi y'amaso zirimo glaucoma na optic neuritis.(Kubyimba k'umutsi w'amaso). Ihindagurika ry'imitsi y'inda rishobora gutera indwara nka gastroparesis (imikorere mibi y'imitsi yo mu gifu) na vasovagal syncope (gucika intege mu buryo butunguranye).

Ni iki twakora kugira ngo imitsi yacu yo mu mutwe ikomeze kugira ubuzima bwiza?

Mu by’ukuri, zimwe mu ndwara z’imitsi yo mu mutwe ntizishobora kwirindwa. Ariko hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe ushobora gukora kugira ngo ubwonko bwawe, imitsi yo mu mutwe, n’imitsi yose imeze neza:

• Komeza kugira ibiro bizima bikubereye.
• Kurya ibiryo bifite intungamubiri. Shyiramo imbuto nyinshi, imboga, ibinyamisogwe n'ibinyampeke mu ndyo yawe.
• Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe.
• Komeza umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe ku rwego rwiza.
• Niba ufite indwara zishobora kwangiza imitsi yawe, nka diyabete, zigenzure neza.
• Niba unywa inzoga, gabanya.
• Niba unywa itabi, rekera aho.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso ngomba kubonana na muganga?

Ibimenyetso by'indwara cyangwa kwangirika k'imitsi yo mu gahanga biratandukanye bitewe n'imitsi yangiritse. Niba ufite kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bimenyetso, hita ubonana na muganga:

• Kugwa k'uruhande rumwe rw'isura.
• Kubabara mu maso cyangwa kugira ibinya.
• Intege nke z'imitsi cyangwa gutakaza imbaraga.
• Kubura ibinya mu mubiri aho ari ho hose.
• Ibibazo byo kutabona neza.
• Ibibazo bijyanye n'uburyohe cyangwa impumuro.
• Dysarthria ni imvugo idasobanutse neza.
• Kugorwa no guhekenya cyangwa kumira ibiryo (Dysphagia).

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka

Noneho ushobora kuba usobanukiwe akamaro k'iyi mitsi yo mu mutwe kuri twe. Ntidushobora kwibonera isi ituzengurutse - kubona, kumva, guhumurirwa, no kuryoherwa n'ibintu - tudafite iyi mitsi. Ni ingenzi kandi mu gukora ku buryo amaso yacu, ururimi, umunwa, n'ibice bitandukanye by'isura yacu bigenda.

Akenshi, ntabwo dutekereza cyane kuri iyi mitsi kugeza igihe hari ikintu kigenda nabi. Ariko, niba ubonye impinduka mu buryo butunguranye mu byiyumvo byawe, cyangwa niba ugaragaje ibimenyetso bijyanye n'imikorere y'isura yawe, bishobora guterwa n'ikibazo cy'umwe mu mitsi yo mu gahanga. Niba ari uko bimeze, menya neza ko wagiye kwa muganga. Azashobora kumenya neza ikibazo kirimo. Ntugahangayike, akenshi hari uburyo bwo kuvura ibi.

Imitsi yo mu bwonko, Imitsi yo mu bwonko, Imitsi yo mu maso , Imitsi yo mu maso, Imitsi yo mu mutwe