Reka twige ku mitsi ya Subclavian, imwe mu mitsi y'ingenzi cyane ijyana amaraso ku bitugu byawe, mu ijosi no mu mutwe!

Muraho! Ese wigeze wibaza uburyo amaboko yawe, ijosi, n'ibice bimwe by'umutwe wawe bifata amaraso? Imibiri yacu ifite uburyo butangaje bwo kuvura imiyoboro y'amaraso. Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku kimwe mu bice by'ingenzi cyane, ariko wenda bitavugwaho cyane, by'ubwo buryo. Ni umutsi wa subclavian .

Umutsi wo mu bwoko bwa subclavian ni iki? Ukora iki?

Mu magambo make, imitsi yawe ya subclavian ni imitsi ibiri y'ingenzi itwara amaraso akungahaye kuri ogisijeni iva mu mutima wawe ikayijyana mu gice cyo hejuru cy'umubiri wawe, harimo amaboko yawe, ijosi, n'umutwe. Tekereza nk'imiyoboro ibiri y'ingenzi itwara amazi iva mu kigega cy'amazi ijya mu rugo rwawe. Iherereye munsi y'amagufwa yawe yo mu gituza (yitwa clavicle), umwe kuri buri ruhande. Hariho ibiri iburyo n'ibiri ibumoso.

Rero, akazi gakomeye k'uyu mutsi wo mu bwoko bwa subclavian ni ugutanga amaraso arimo ogisijeni ava mu mutima akayageza ku mutwe, mu ijosi no ku maboko. Akazi k'ingenzi cyane, si byo se?

Dushobora gusobanukirwa imikorere yayo tuyigabanyamo ibice bitatu:

• Igice cya mbere cyohereza amaraso mu bice by'igituza cyawe, kuri tiroyide , no kuri Circle of Willis, uburyo bukomeye butanga amaraso mu bwonko.
• Igice cya kabiri kijya mu bice by'ijosi ryawe byitwa costocervical trunks .
• Igice cya gatatu , ari na cyo gice kiri kure gato y'aho uyu mutsi w'amaraso utangirira, gitanga amaraso mu maboko yawe. Ibyo bivuze ko amaraso ajya muri byose kuva kuri biceps zawe, imitsi ya triceps, imitsi y'amatugu, imitsi yo mu kiganza, n'ibindi.

Umutsi wa subclavian uherereye he neza neza?

Nkuko twabivuze mbere, iyi mitsi yombi y'amaraso iri munsi y'amagufwa yawe yo mu mutwe (`clavicles`). Ariko, umutsi w'ibumoso wa subclavian n'uw'iburyo wa subclavian utangira mu buryo butandukanye gato.

• Umutsi w'amaraso wa subclavian iburyo bwawe utangirira ku mutsi w'amaraso witwa brachiocephalic artery yawe.
• Umutsi w'ibumoso wa subclavian uri ku ruhande rwawe rw'ibumoso utangirira ku musenyi wa aorta yawe nini, ari wo musenyi wa aorta .

Iyi mitsi ibiri y'amaraso isohoka iva hagati mu mubiri wawe, inyura mu mitsi ibiri iri mu ijosi ryawe yitwa "imitsi y'imbere n'imitsi yo hagati." Igera ku rubavu rwawe rwa mbere, hanyuma ikava aho ihinduka "imitsi yo mu kanwa", ari yo mitsi y'amaraso imanuka mu kuboko kwawe.

Iyi mitsi yo mu bwoko bwa subclavian igabanamo amashami mato. Nayo ni ingenzi cyane:

• Imitsi yo mu mugongo: Iyi iha amaraso ibice by'ubwonko bwawe n'umutwe . Iyi mitsi y'amaraso ubusanzwe iba ifite umurambararo uri hagati ya milimetero 3 na 5.
• Imitsi yo mu gituza: Iyi itanga amaraso mu gice cy'umutima , mu igufwa ry'ibere, mu gice cy'igituza , mu rukuta rw'igituza, no mu bice bimwe na bimwe by'urukuta rw'inda. Iyi ni imitsi mito y'amaraso ifite umurambararo wa milimetero 2. Hari igihe abaganga bakoresha imitsi yo mu gituza y'ibumoso mu gufunga imitsi y'umutima .
• Imitsi yo mu kibuno: Iyi itanga amaraso mu mitsi yo mu gice cyo hejuru cy'umugongo wawe kandi igashyigikira amaboko n'ibitugu byawe.
• Igituza cya Thyrocervical: Iki gitera hejuru y'ijosi ryawe kigatanga amaraso mu ijosi no ku bitugu byawe.
• Igiti cy'inkari cyo mu nda: Iki gitereko kiri ku mpande zombi z'ijosi kandi cyohereza amaraso mu maboko yawe, mu ijosi no mu mutwe.

Uyu mutsi wo mu bwoko bwa subclavian artery ungana ute? Ukozwe mu ki?

Umurambararo w'umutsi wawe wa subclavian, cyangwa ubugari bw'igice cyawo, uri hagati ya santimetero 0.7 na 1.0 (munsi ya santimetero 1.5). Ni muto, ariko ukora akazi kenshi, sibyo?

Kimwe n'indi mitsi y'amaraso, umutsi wawe wa subclavian ugizwe n'ibice bitatu by'ingenzi.

1. Urusobe rw'imbere (Tunica Intima): Uru rugizwe n'urusobe rw'uturemangingo ruto cyane kandi rworoshye. Rufasha amaraso gutembera neza.

2. Icyiciro cyo hagati (Tunica Media): Iki ni igice cy'imitsi. Iki ni cyo gituma imiyoboro y'amaraso ifungana kandi ikaguka. Binafasha mu kugenzura umuvuduko w'amaraso.

3. Urusobe rw'inyuma (Tunica Adventitia): Uru ni urupfundikizo rukomeye rukozwe mu turemangingo duto kandi tworoshye. Rutanga uburinzi ku mitsi y'amaraso.

Ni izihe ndwara zikunze kwibasira imitsi yo mu bwoko bwa subclavian?

Ikibabaje ni uko n'imitsi yo mu bwoko bwa subclavian artery, ikora akazi gakomeye, ishobora kurwara indwara zimwe na zimwe. Reka turebe zimwe mu ndwara z'ingenzi:

• Ateriosclerosis: Abantu benshi babyumvise. Muri make, ni indwara aho ibinure na cholesterol byirundanya mu miyoboro y'amaraso (twita `plaque` ) maze bigafunga imiyoboro y'amaraso. Ni nk'ingese zifunga umuyoboro w'amazi. Ibi iyo bibaye mu miyoboro ya subclavian, bibangamira inzira y'amaraso.
• Indwara yo mu gifu: Muri iyi ndwara, umutsi wo mu gifu ugabanuka ( stenosis) bitewe n'umuvuduko uturuka ku magufwa, imitsi, cyangwa izindi nyama.) guhinduka. Hanyuma ingano y'amaraso ajya mu biganza ishobora kugabanuka.
• Arteritis ya Takayasu: Ubu ni ubwoko bwa vasculitis . Itera kubyimba, cyangwa kubyimba, kw'imitsi yo mu bwoko bwa subclavian, bishobora kugabanya ingano ya ogisijeni igera ku mutwe, ijosi, cyangwa amaboko.
• Indwara yo kwiba ya Subclavian: Ibi kandi bikunze guterwa na atherosclerosis . Ikibaho hano ni uko imitsi ya subclavian igabanuka ( stenosis ), maze amwe mu maraso agomba kujya mu bwonko "akaba" kure y'ukuboko. Niyo mpamvu byitwa "kwiba".

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'ikibazo cy'imitsi yo mu bwoko bwa subclavian? Wabimenya ute?

Iyo hari ikibazo ku mutsi wo mu bwoko bwa subclavian artery, ibimenyetso bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'indwara iwutera. Ariko hari ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe bikunze kugaragara:

• Umuvuduko w'amaraso mu kuboko kumwe uri hasi cyane ugereranije n'uwo mu kuboko ku kundi.
• Ihinduka ry'ibara ry'amaboko cyangwa intoki (nk'ihinduka ry'ubururu cyangwa ibara ry'umweru).
• Kubura ibinya, ububabare, intege nke , cyangwa kumva ikintu kiri mu ntoki.
• Kubyimba ikiganza.
• Amaboko ntashobora kwihanganira ubukonje .
• Kumva mfite isereri .
• Hari igihe umuriro ushobora kubaho (cyane cyane iyo hari indwara zo kubyimba nka arteritis ya Takayasu).
• Kunanirwa (cyane cyane mu ndwara nka 'Subclavian Steal Syndrome').

Ni ibihe bizamini bikorerwa kugira ngo harebwe ubuzima bw'imitsi yo mu bwoko bwa subclavian artery?

Niba ufite ibimenyetso nk'ibi, nujya kwa muganga, ashobora gukora ibizamini bimwe na bimwe.

• Ubwa mbere, dupima umuvuduko w'amaraso mu maboko yombi . Dushobora kureba niba hari itandukaniro rinini.
• Ultrasound y'imitsi : Iki ni ikizamini cyoroshye kandi kidatera ububabare gishobora kureba uburyo amaraso atembera mu mitsi ndetse no kureba niba hari ikintu cyazibye.
• X-ray yo mu gituza .
• Isuzuma rya CT .
• Ikizamini cya MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging – MRI) .
• Addison maneuver : Iki ni ikizamini cyo gusuzuma indwara ya Thoracic Outlet Syndrome . Imitsi ya scalene mu ijosi ryawe irarambuye kandi imitsi yo mu kuboko kwawe irapimwa niba yagabanutse.
• AngiogramuIkizamini: Ubu buryo ni ubusanzwe. Hari ikintu cyihariye giterwa mu mitsi y'amaraso hanyuma hagafatwa X-ray.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura ibibazo by'imitsi yo mu bwoko bwa subclavian?

Inkuru nziza ni uko iyo umutsi wa subclavian ugabanutse cyangwa ufunze, hari uburyo bwo kuwusubiza mu buryo busanzwe. Abaganga bakoresha uburyo butandukanye bwo kongera gufungura uyu mutsi w'amaraso. Uburyo bwo kuvura buratandukanye bitewe n'uko umeze.

Indwara y'imitsi yo mu bwoko bwa Subclavian (iterwa na 'atherosclerosis')

• Asipirine n'imiti igabanya cholesterol .
• Angioplasty : Ibi bikubiyemo gushyira agapira gato mu mitsi no kugashyiramo umwuka aho imitsi yazibye, ugakuraho plaque yari yarubatse ku rukuta rw'imitsi. Nyuma yaho, stent , imiterere mito isa n'urushundura, ishobora gushyirwa muri ako gace kugira ngo hirindwe ko kuziba kwabyo kongera kubaho.
• Kubaga hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa Bypass ni uburyo bwo kubaga butuma habaho inzira nshya yo gutemberamo amaraso hirya no hino aho yazibye.

Indwara yo mu gifu

• Ubuvuzi bw'umubiri : Ibi bivuze gukora ibintu nk'imyitozo ngororamubiri kugira ngo ugerageze kugabanya umuvuduko.
• Imiti igabanya ububabare no kubyimba (NSAIDs) : Igabanya ububabare no kubyimba.
• Imiti igabanya ububabare bw'amaraso cyangwa "imiti igabanya amaraso."
• Imiti igabanya amaraso : Imiti itangwa kugira ngo irinde kuvura amaraso.
• Kubagwa bikorwa kugira ngo hakurweho icyateye kuziba kw'imitsi y'amaraso.

Arteritis ya Takayasu

• Corticosteroids : Igabanya ububyimbirwe.
• Imiti igabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri .
• Gufungura umutsi w'amaraso binyuze mu kubaga cyangwa angioplasty .

Indwara yo kwiba muri Subclavian

• Uburyo bwo kuvura indwara zo mu maraso : Bubuza ko uduce tw’amaraso twivanga maze tugakora uduce tw’amaraso.
• Imiti igabanya amaraso : Ibuza amaraso kuzura.
• Kubagwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa "bypass" cyangwa "angioplasty" .

Ni ibihe bintu byoroshye dushobora gukora kugira ngo imitsi ya subclavian ikomeze kugira ubuzima bwiza?

Nk'uko wita ku mutima wawe n'imitsi yose y'umutima, ugomba no kwita ku mitsi yawe ya subclavian. Gukurikiza izi nama bizagufasha cyane:

• Genzura umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe n'urugero rwa cholesterol . Aba ni abanzi babiri bakomeye bangiza imiyoboro y'amaraso.
• Irinde gukoresha itabi burundu. Kunywa itabi byangiza cyane imiyoboro y'amaraso.
• Kora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe . Kugenda n'amaguru nibura iminota 30 ku munsi na byo ni byiza cyane.
• Gumana ibiro byiza by'umubiri . Umubyibuho ukabije unashyira umuvuduko ukabije ku miyoboro y'amaraso.

Rero, ikintu cya nyuma ugomba kwibuka ni...

Umutsi wawe wo mu bwoko bwa subclavian ni igice cy'ingenzi cyane cy'umubiri wawe wo hejuru, utanga amaraso y'ingenzi kugira ngo ugumane ubuzima bwiza. Nk'uko igiti gikenera amazi, amaboko yacu, ijosi n'umutwe byacu bikenera amaraso atembera muri uyu mutsi w'amaraso.

Kurya indyo yuzuye no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe bishobora gufasha gukomeza imitsi yo mu bwoko bwa subclavian ndetse n'indi mitsi yose y'amaraso mu mubiri wawe. Kwisuzumisha kwa muganga buri gihe nabyo bishobora gufasha kumenya ibibazo biri mu mitsi yawe y'amaraso hakiri kare. Niba umenye ko umwe mu mitsi yawe y'amaraso wagabanutse, ntugatinye. Ubuvuzi buhanitse bufite uburyo bukenewe bwo kuvura. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ukubona muganga vuba niba ubonye ibimenyetso.