Ese amaraso arimo kugaruka ava mu muryango w'umutima wawe? Reka tuvuge ku bijyanye no kongera gukora kw'imitsi mu mutima wawe!

Ese wigeze utekereza ko hari amarembo mato mu mitima yacu yemerera amaraso gutembera mu cyerekezo kimwe gusa? Yego, ni ukuri. Ariko, rimwe na rimwe aya amarembo ashobora kugira akantu gato ko kuvamo. Iyo ni yo mimerere tugiye kuvugaho uyu munsi, yitwa `(Aortic Regurgitation). Mu magambo make, irembo ripompa amaraso mu mitsi mikuru y'umutima ntirifunga neza, kandi amaraso amwe asubira mu mutima. Ntugahangayike, tuzavuga kuri ibi birambuye.

`(Aortic Regurgitation)` ni iki? Reka tubisobanukirwe mu buryo bworoshye!

Tekereza ko hari irembo rinini mu mutima wawe, twita `(Aortic Valve)`. Iri rembo riri hagati y'umutima wawe na `(Aorta)`, umuyoboro w'amaraso munini mu mubiri. Igihe cyose umutima wawe ukubita, amaraso meza kandi akungahaye kuri ogisijeni anyura muri iyi `(Aorta)` akagera ku mubiri wose.

Rero, iyo icyumba kinini cyo kuvoma cy'umutima, ventilateur y'ibumoso, gicitse, iyi valive y'umutima irakinguka kugira ngo amaraso asohoke. Hanyuma, iyo ventilateur y'ibumoso iruhutse, iyi valive igomba gufunga neza. Icyo gihe ni bwo amaraso atemba imbere adasubiye mu mutima.

Ariko, ku muntu ufite Aortic Regurgitation, Aortic Valve ntifunga neza. Ibi bivuze ko igihe cyose ventricle y'ibumoso iruhutse, amaraso amwe asubira muri icyo cyumba. Nubwo iki ari ikibazo gikomeye, ku bw'amahirwe, abaganga bafite uburyo bwo kuvura.

Gusubira inyuma kw'imitsi yo mu bwonko ni bumwe mu bwoko bw'indwara zikunze kugaragara cyane mu mitsi y'umutima. Ishobora gukwirakwira mu buryo bukabije, kuva ku bworoheje kugeza ku bukomeye . Hari igihe abaganga babyita kandi Aortic Insufficiency.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ingenzi bwa `(Aortic Regurgitation)`?

Abaganga bagabanya Aortic Regurgitation mo ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi:

1. Ubwoko bw'indwara itunguranye: Iyi ni indwara itunguranye kandi itunguranye.

2. Ubwoko bwa karande: Iyi ni indwara igenda ikura buhoro buhoro uko igihe kigenda gihita. Ubu bwoko bwa karande bukunze kugaragara mu bihugu nka Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.

Byongeye kandi, abaganga bashobora gushyira iyi ndwara mu byiciro bitandukanye, bitewe n'imiterere y'ikibazo. Bagabanya kandi indwara mu byiciro A, B, C, na D, bitewe n'ubukana bwayo . Icyiciro D ni cyo cyiciro gikomeye cyane.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya `(Aortic Regurgitation)`?

Reba niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso:

• Kumva ububabare cyangwa gufungana mu gituza .
• Mfite inkorora.
• Kumva unaniwe igihe cyose.
• Umutima utera cyane ni igihe umutima utera mu buryo budasanzwe, nk'aho utera cyane.
• Hari igihe ushobora guta ubwenge (syncope).
• Ushobora kugira ikibazo cyo guhumeka nabi (dyspnea) mu gihe cy'imyitozo ngororamubiri. Nyuma, ushobora kugira ikibazo cyo guhumeka nabi mu gihe uryamye cyangwa ugerageza gusinzira.
• Uturenge n'ibirenge birabyimba (edema).

Ariko ibuka,Niba ufite ikibazo cyo gusubira k'umuyoboro w'amaraso mu buryo bworoheje kandi budakira, ushobora kutagaragaza ibimenyetso igihe kirekire. Ibimenyetso bizagenda bigaragara buhoro buhoro uko indwara irushaho gukomera.

Ni izihe mpamvu za `(Aortic Regurgitation)`?

Hari impamvu nyinshi zishobora kuba zitera iki kibazo. Reka turebere hamwe izo ari zo:

• Ingufu z'amashanyarazi zigenda zigabanuka uko imyaka igenda ishira: Iyi ni yo mpamvu ikunze kugaragara cyane muri Amerika no mu bihugu by'i Burayi bw'Iburengerazuba.
• Indwara y'umutima ya rubagimpande: Iyi ni yo mpamvu itera indwara nyinshi mu bihugu byinshi bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere. Iterwa n'indwara ya rubagimpande, iterwa n'indwara yo mu muhogo idakira.
• Umuvuduko w'amaraso ukabije.
• Endocarditis: Ibi akenshi biterwa n'ubwandu bwinjiye mu maraso.
• Ihungabana mu gituza: Urugero, ikintu nk'impanuka y'imodoka.
• Aneurysm y'imitsi yo mu gituza.
• Gucamo ibice by'imitsi yo mu bwonko.
• Hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe bivukana kuri Aortic Valve: Urugero, indwara yitwa Bicuspid Aortic Valve. Ibi bivuze ko valve, ubusanzwe igomba kugira cusps eshatu, ifite cusps ebyiri gusa.

Ni nde uri mu kaga gakomeye ko kugira iyi ndwara?

Impinduka zimwe na zimwe mu muyoboro w'amaraso ufunganye hamwe n'izindi ndwara zishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara iyi ndwara y'umuyoboro ufunganye. Ushobora kuba uri mu kaga niba:

• Niba ufite `(Bicuspid Aortic Valve)` cyangwa indi ndwara ya valive ivukanwa: Abantu bafite `(Bicuspid Aortic Valve)` bashobora gutangira kuva iyi valive hagati y'imyaka 20 na 40.
• Gupima udupapuro tw’imitsi y’amaraso mu muyoboro w’amaraso: Abantu bafite iki kibazo akenshi baba barengeje imyaka 60, kandi bashobora kugira ibibazo by’imitsi irenga imwe.
• Kugira indwara igira ingaruka ku muyoboro w'amaraso ujya mu mutima (Aorta).
• Niba warigeze kugira indwara ya rubagimpande cyangwa ukaba warasanze ufite indwara y'umutima ya rubagimpande.
• Niba warigeze gusimburwa na valve ya aortike mbere: Hari igihe valve ya bioprosthetic ishobora kubura gukora neza buhoro buhoro uko igihe kigenda gihita.

Ni izihe ngorane zishobora guterwa no gusubira k'umutima mu maraso (Aortic Regurgitation)?

Tekereza, iyo `(Valve y'imitsi)` iva, amaraso y'inyongera asubira mu `(Ingingo y'ibumoso)` y'umutima. Hanyuma, icyumba cyo kuvoma gihinduka cyuzuyemo amaraso menshi. Kubera iyo mpamvu, `(Ingingo y'ibumoso)` igomba gukora cyane kugira ngo ihuze n'aya maraso y'inyongera no kohereza amaraso akenewe mu `(Ingingo y'imbere)`.

Uko igihe kigenda gihita, ibi bishobora gutuma inkuta z'imitsi ya ventilateur y'ibumoso zibyimba kandi zikaba nini. Ibi byitwa Left Ventricular Hypertrophy. Ibi bigabanya imikorere y'umutima.

Ibi bishobora gutera izindi ngorane nko kunanirwa k'umutima no kudakora neza kw'imitsi.

Gusubirana kw'imitsi mu buryo bukabije (aortic regurgitation) bishobora gutera indwara zikomeye nko kubyimba ibihaha no kugabanuka k'umuvuduko w'umutima.

Iyi ndwara ipimwa ite?

Abaganga basuzuma uburyo Aortic Valve Regurgitation ihagaze binyuze mu isuzuma ry’umubiri n’ibizamini bitandukanye.

Mu gihe cyo gusuzumwa umubiri, muganga wawe aza:

• Vuga ku mateka yawe y'ubuvuzi.
• Ibimenyetso by'ingenzi birasuzumwa, urugero nk'umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe.
• Muganga wawe azatega amatwi umutima wawe akoresheje stethoscope maze arebe ijwi ryihariye ryitwa aortic regurgitation murmur. Iri jwi riterwa n'amaraso asubira mu muvuduko w'ibumoso.

Mu gupima umuvuduko w'amaraso, niba hari icyuho kinini (kirenga mmHg 40) hagati y'agaciro ko hejuru n'ako hasi, icyo nacyo ni ikimenyetso cy'uko valve ya aorta ishobora kuba irimo kuva.

Ni ibihe bipimo bikorwa kugira ngo hamenyekane `(Aortic Regurgitation)`?

Ikizamini nyamukuru gikoreshwa mu gusuzuma iyi ndwara kandi gifatwa nk' "igipimo cya zahabu" ni "Echocardiogram" cyangwa "Echo". Iki kizamini gikoresha amajwi menshi "Ultrasound" kugira ngo gifate amafoto y'umutima. Muganga ashobora gukoresha uburyo butandukanye, nka "Doppler Ultrasound", kugira ngo arebe imikorere y'uturemangingo tw'amaraso yawe. "Doppler Ultrasound" yerekana umuvuduko n'icyerekezo amaraso atembera mu mutima.

Ibindi bizamini bishobora gukenerwa kugira ngo hamenyekane iyi ndwara cyangwa hategurwe uburyo bwo kuyivura ni ibi bikurikira:

• X-ray yo mu gituza
• Electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG)
• Ikizamini cya MRI cy'umutima
• Angiogramu y'umutima
• Isuzuma rya CT ry'umutima
• Ikizamini cy'Imihangayiko mu myitozo ngororamubiri

Ivurwa rite ku kugarura imitsi mu miyoboro y'amaraso (Aortic Regurgitation)?

Gusubirana kw'imitsi mu mutima bishobora kuvurwa n'imiti cyangwa kubagwa . Niba ufite indwara ikomeye, uzakenera kuvurwa ako kanya.

Bitewe n'uburemere bw'indwara yawe, ushobora gukenera kubagwa kugira ngo usanwe cyangwa usimburwe burundu umuyoboro wawe w'amaraso ufunganye. Muganga wawe azagusuzuma maze afate umwanzuro niba ari ngombwa kubagwa. Azagusobanurira kandi ibyiza n'ingaruka zo kubagwa. Ibintu nko kunywa itabi n'izindi ndwara zitagenzurwa bishobora kongera ibyago byo kubagwa no kugorana inzira yo gukira.

Igikuru ni ukuganira na muganga wawe niba kubagwa bikubereye n'ingaruka zishobora kubaho.

Niba kubagwa imitsi y'amaraso bitagushobokera, muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira imiti igufasha mu gucunga indwara z'umutima no kunoza ubuzima bwawe. Indi miti ishobora kugabanya ibyago byo kubyimba kw'amaraso no gucika intege kw'imitsi. Ariko ibuka ko nubwo imiti ishobora kugabanya ibimenyetso, ntabwo ishobora guhagarika cyangwa ngo ivure indwara ikomeye yo kugarura imitsi y'amaraso mu mitsi.

Ni izihe ngorane cyangwa ingaruka mbi z'ubuvuzi?

Abantu bakosowe cyangwa basimbuwe valve y'imiyoboro y'amaraso bashobora gukenera kubagwa bundi bushya mu gihe kizaza. Hari n'ingaruka mbi nka:

• Igisebe cy'imitsi
• Indwara y'umutima
• Kuva amaraso
• Kwandura
• Ugutera nabi kw'umutima `(Arrhythmia)`

Nyuma yo gusimbuza valve ya aortic, uzakenera gufata imiti igabanya amaraso (anticoagulants) kugira ngo wirinde kubumba amaraso. Iyi miti ishobora gufatwa amezi menshi (ku bice by'umubiri bikozwe mu ngurube, inka, cyangwa inyama z'umuntu) cyangwa ubuzima bwose (ku bice by'umubiri). Hari igihe valve yasimbuwe ishobora kwimuka cyangwa kuva.

Niba ufite valve nshya, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gufata imiti yica udukoko mbere yo kujya kwa muganga w'amenyo. Ibi bishobora gufasha gukumira ubwandu bw'indwara mu mutima (endocarditis).

Ese Aortic Regurgitation ishobora kwirindwa?

Indwara z'umutima ntizishobora kwirindwa buri gihe. Ariko, ushobora gukora ibi kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago byo kurwara indwara:

• Irinde gukoresha ibikomoka ku itabi.
• Irinde gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge.
• Kora imyitozo ngororamubiri nk'uko muganga wawe yabigusabye.
• Niba urwaye cyangwa ukagira ubwandu, hita ubonana na muganga.
• Fata imiti yawe yose neza, harimo n'iyo kuvura umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso.
• Niba umuyoboro wawe w'amaraso wagutse, gabanya guterura ibintu biremereye.

Ni ubuhe buryo bw'ejo hazaza umuntu ufite `(Aortic Regurgitation)` ashobora kwitega?

Ushobora kugira ikibazo cyo gusubira k'umuyoboro w'amaraso mu gihe cy'imyaka myinshi nta bimenyetso. Ariko, bishobora kwiyongera uko igihe kigenda gihita. Ushobora kubibona iyo utangiye kugira ikibazo cyo guhumeka cyangwa kubabara mu gatuza.

Uko ubona ibintu biterwa n'ibintu byinshi, bimwe muri byo ni ibi bikurikira:

• Igihe watangiye kugira ibimenyetso.
• Uburyo indwara imaze gutera imbere.
• Niba ufite ikibazo cy'umutima.
• Igihe wahawe ubuvuzi.
• Ubuzima bwawe muri rusange.

Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko abantu babagwa imitsi yo gusimbuza imitsi mbere yuko umutima ucika intege baba bafite icyizere cy’igihe kirekire, nubwo indwara yabo yaba ikomeye. Ku bantu bafite ikibazo cy’umutima, icyizere cyabo gishobora kuba gito.

Abantu bafite ikibazo cyo gusubira k'umuyoboro w'amaraso mu buryo bworoheje kugeza ku buringanire bakira neza nyuma yo kuvurwa. Igipimo cyabo cyo kubaho imyaka 10 kiri hagati ya 80% na 95%.

Igikuru ni ukuganira na muganga wawe ku byerekeye amahirwe yawe y'ejo hazaza. Muganga wawe azi neza wowe n'amateka yawe y'ubuvuzi, bityo ashobora gukoresha ayo makuru kugira ngo aguhe igitekerezo cy'icyo witeze.

Nitwara nte?

Kurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe yo kwiyitaho, harimo imiti n'impinduka mu mibereho. Muri rusange, ni ngombwa gufata imiti yawe yose uko byategetswe kandi mu gihe kimwe buri munsi . Muganga wawe ashobora kandi kukugira inama yo guhindura imibereho yawe, harimo:

• Kurya indyo yuzuye umutima: Urugero, indyo yo mu nyanja ya Mediterane. Muganga wawe ashobora kandi kukubwira kugabanya umunyu urya.
• Gira imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe: Baza muganga wawe imyitozo ngororamubiri ushobora gukora n'ubwoko bw'imyitozo ngororamubiri butekanye.
• Irinde kunywa itabi cyangwa gukoresha ibindi bicuruzwa by'itabi: Saba ubufasha bwo kurireka.
• Irinde gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge: Cyane cyane imiti iterwa mu mitsi (imiti ikoreshwa mu gutera amaraso mu mibonano mpuzabitsina), kuko byongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara ya endocarditis.
• Wite ku menyo yawe n'ishinya yawe neza kugira ngo wirinde indwara ya endocarditis: Ibi birimo kujya kwa muganga w'amenyo buri mezi atandatu.

Ni ryari ngomba kubonana na muganga wanjye?

Niba ufite Aortic Regurgitation, ni ngombwa kubahiriza gahunda zawe kugira ngo muganga wawe abashe gukurikirana ikibazo cyawe. Muganga wawe azakubwira inshuro ugomba kuza.

Kugira ngo urebe imikorere y'imitsi n'umutima wawe, uzakenera "Echocardiogram" buri gihe (buri mezi atandatu kugeza buri myaka itanu). Gusura abaganga buri gihe ni ingenzi kugira ngo umenye ibimenyetso by'uko imitsi ikomeza kwiyongera. Muri ubu buryo, ushobora kuvurwa ku gihe kandi wirinde kwangirika burundu k'umutima wawe.

Niba warabazwe imitsi y'umutima, kurikiza gahunda yo gukurikirana ya muganga wawe witonze. Muganga wawe azagukurikiranira hafi kugira ngo arebe neza ko umutima wawe ukora neza kandi ko utazarwara indwara y'umutima cyangwa ibindi bibazo.

Niba ugaragaje ibimenyetso bishya, niba ibimenyetso bihari birushijeho gukomera, cyangwa niba ufite ibibazo ku bijyanye n'uburwayi bwawe, hamagara muganga wawe igihe icyo ari cyo cyose.

Ni ryari nkwiye kujya mu ishami rishinzwe ubutabazi bwihutirwa (ETU) ?

Niba ufite ibimenyetso by'indwara y'umutima cyangwa indwara yo gucika kw'imitsi, hamagara 911 cyangwa nimero y'ubutabazi bw'ibanze yo mu gace utuyemo ako kanya. Ibi ni ubutabazi bw'ibanze bushobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga kandi bisaba ubuvuzi bwihuse.

Ni ibihe bibazo ngomba kubaza muganga wanjye?

Kubana n'indwara y'umutima bishobora kugutera imihangayiko. Ushobora kuba ufite ibibazo byinshi ku ndwara yawe, ariko ushobora kuba utazi aho wahera. Dore bimwe mu bibazo ushobora kubaza muganga wawe kugira ngo agusobanukire byinshi:

• Indwara yanjye ya `(Aortic Regurgitation)` ikomeye gute?
• Ese mfite ibindi bibazo by'imitsi y'umutima?
• Ese nkeneye kuvurwa? Niba ari byo, ni ryari?
• Ubuvuzi bukubiyemo iki?
• Ni kangahe ngomba kuza mu gihe cyo gukurikirana?
• Ni izihe mpinduka mu mibereho yanjye kugira ngo nkomeze ubuzima bw'umutima wanjye?

Ese indwara ntoya yitwa `(Aortic Regurgitation)` ihora irushaho kuba mbi?

Abantu barenga 25% bafite ikibazo cyo kutagira neza kw'imitsi y'ibumoso bagaragaza ibimenyetso mu gihe cy'umwaka umwe. Ariko, mu bushakashatsi bwakorewe ku bantu bafite ikibazo cyo kugaruka k'umuyoboro w'amaraso mu buryo bworoheje kugeza ku buringanire, abantu benshi nta kibazo na kimwe bahuye na cyo cyarushijeho kuba kibi. Ubwo bushakashatsi bwabakurikiranye mu gihe cy'imyaka itanu. Rero, si buri wese urushaho kumererwa nabi, ariko ni ngombwa kwisuzumisha buri gihe.

Ese Ubuzima bwo gusubira mu mitsi ya Aortic bushobora guterwa n'akaga?

Iyo indwara ikomeye kandi ikaba ibaye mu buryo butunguranye, ishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga. Ishobora gutera umutima guhagarara nabi, ischemia y'umutima, cyangwa ndetse n'urupfu rutunguranye. Niba ufite ibimenyetso bijyana no kongera kurira mu buryo butunguranye, ukeneye kubagwa ako kanya.

Amaherezo, icyo ugomba kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Kumenya ko ufite umuyoboro wa aortike utemba bishobora gutera ubwoba kandi ushobora kwibaza uko ejo hazaza hameze. Ariko, inkuru nziza ni uko bitewe n'iterambere mu buvuzi, abantu benshi bafite ikibazo cyo gusubirana kw'umuyoboro wa aortike bashobora gufashwa.

Igikuru ni ukudatinya cyangwa ngo ugire impungenge, ahubwo ni ukuganira na muganga wawe ku buryo bwo kwivuza, maze mukaganira ku buryo bwiza kuri wewe. Mu kubona ubuvuzi ku gihe no gukurikiza inama za muganga, ushobora kubaho ubuzima bwiza. Wite ku mutima wawe!

` gusubira k'umutima mu muyoboro w'amaraso, indwara y'umutima, indwara y'umutima, guhumeka nabi, ububabare mu gituza, echocardiogram, kubagwa umutima