Ese wigeze wumva umutima wawe utera cyane, cyangwa buhoro cyane, cyangwa wenda usimbuka imitsi idatera? Ni ibisanzwe kumva ufite ubwoba iyo wumva ikintu nk'iki. Abantu benshi bagiye bagira ibi mu buzima bwabo. Mu buvuzi, ibi tubyita ibidasanzwe mu mitsi y'umutima 'Arrhythmia' (bivugwa 'arrhythmia'). Ntutinye rero, uyu munsi turaganira kuri byose mu buryo bworoshye ushobora gusobanukirwa.
Mu by'ukuri arrhythmia ni iki?
Mu magambo make, arrhythmia ni umutima utera ku buryo budasanzwe. Ibi kandi byitwa 'dysrhythmia'.
Tekereza ko umutima wacu umeze nk'umucuranzi w'ingoma mu itsinda ry'abaririmbyi. Indirimbo yumvikana neza gusa iyo avugije ingoma ku ijwi rikwiye kandi ku muvuduko ukwiye. Ni ko bimeze no ku mutima wacu. Ugomba gucuranga mu buryo bukwiye kandi buteguye neza. Icyo gihe ni bwo ushobora kohereza amaraso akungahaye kuri ogisijeni mu mubiri wose.
Mu gihe cy'ihungabana ry'umutima (arrhythmia), iyi njyana irahungabana.
- Wenda umutima urimo gutera cyane .
- Wenda umutima utera buhoro cyane .
- Cyangwa ishobora gukinwa mu buryo butari bwo , nta ntera n'imwe.
Ibi bishobora gutangirira mu bice bitandukanye by'umutima.
Ese iyi ni indwara ikomeye yo gutinya?
Ni ibisanzwe ko iki kibazo kiza mu mutwe wawe. Mu by’ukuri hari ubwoko bwinshi bwa arrhythmia. Hari ubwoko bumwe na bumwe butagira ingaruka mbi kandi ntibukeneye kuvurwa. Ariko, ubundi burushaho kuba bukomeye. Bushobora no gutera umutima guhagarara mu buryo butunguranye. Hariho kandi ubwoko butandukanye bwa arrhythmia buri hagati y’ibi bintu bibiri bikomeye.
Igikuru ni uko umuganga wawe ari we wenyine ushobora kukubwira neza ubwoko bw'indwara yo kutagira umutima uhagaze, niba ikeneye kuvurwa, n'icyo wakora bibaye ngombwa. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane gushaka inama kwa muganga aho kwisuzuma.
Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ingenzi bwa arrhythmia?
Abaganga bashyira mu byiciro indwara zo mu mutima zishingiye aho zitangirira. Reka tubivuge mu buryo bworoshye. Umutima ufite ibyumba bine by'ingenzi, bibiri hejuru n'ibindi biri hepfo.
| Ubwoko bwa arrhythmia | Mu magambo make ... |
|---|---|
| Indwara zo mu mutwe zifata imitsi yo mu mutwe (Supraventricular Arrhythmias) | Ibi bitangirira mu byumba byo hejuru by'umutima (atria) . 'Supraventricular' bivuga 'hejuru y'ibyumba byo hasi'. |
| Ubudahangarwa bw'umutima mu mitsi | Ibi bitangirira mu byumba byo hasi (ventricles) by'umutima. |
| Bradyarrhythmias | Ibi biterwa n'ibibazo by'amashanyarazi y'umutima, bigatuma umutima utera buhoro cyane . Ibi bishobora guterwa n'ibibazo by'icyuma gipima umutima (SA node) cyangwa inzira zitwara ibimenyetso (nk'agace ka AV). |
Indwara ya Atrial Fibrillation ni yo ndwara ikunze kugaragara cyane muri Sri Lanka no ku isi yose. Ni iyo mu bwoko bwa Supraventricular.
Ni ibihe bimenyetso umuntu ufite arrhythmia ahura na byo?
Hari abantu bashobora kugira arrhythmia badafite ibimenyetso. Ibi tubyita arrhythmia "bucece". Ariko, niba ibimenyetso bigaragaye, bishobora kuba birimo:
| Ibimenyetso | Uko bimera |
|---|---|
| Umutima Utera cyane | Kumva umutima wawe utera cyane, igituza cyawe kigukubita cyane, igituza cyawe kigusimbuka. |
| Kuzungera cyangwa kugira umutwe udafite icyo uvuze | Kuzungera cyangwa kubabara mu mutwe . |
| Ibihe byo gucika intege | Ahita atakaza ubwenge maze aragwa. |
| Guhumeka nabi | Kumva ufite umwuka ubura, nk'igihe uzamuka ingazi. |
| Kubabara mu gatuza | Kumva ububabare cyangwa kutamererwa neza, nk'aho igituza gifunganye. |
| Intege nke cyangwa umunaniro | Kumva unaniwe cyane kandi nta kintu na kimwe kigutwaye. |
Kuki ibi bibaho? Ni ibihe bintu bishobora gutera ibyago?
Biragoye kumenya impamvu imwe yihariye itera arrhythmia. Hari impamvu nyinshi zishobora gutera. Reka turebe impamvu nyamukuru n'ibintu bishobora gutera ibyago.
Impamvu zitera arrhythmia
- Indwara y'imitsi itera umutima ( kuziba kw'imitsi y'amaraso y'umutima )
- Umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso
- Impinduka mu mitsi y'umutima (`Cardiomyopathy`)
- Indwara z'imitsi y'umutima
- Ibikomere byatewe n'indwara y'umutima yari yarigeze kugira mbere
- Kudahuza kwa electrolyte mu maraso
- Uburyo bwo gukira nyuma yo kubagwa umutima
- Izindi ndwara (urugero, ibibazo bya tiroyide)
Ibintu byongera ibyago
- Gukoresha ibikomoka ku itabi (kunywa itabi)
- Kunywa inzoga nyinshi
- Kunywa ibinyobwa n'ibiribwa birimo kafeyine (icyayi, ikawa, cola) cyane
- Gukoresha imiti itera imbaraga, nk'imiti imwe n'imwe ikoreshwa mu bicurane
- Umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso
- Ubwinshi burenze urugero (BMI irenga 30)
- Diyabete cyangwa isukari nyinshi mu maraso
- Kugona no guhumeka mu gihe cyo gusinzira
Ni izihe ngaruka zikomeye zishobora kubaho iyo zitavuwe?
Iyo bitavuwe neza, bumwe mu bwoko bwa arrhythmia bushobora guteza ingorane zikomeye.
- Kugabanuka kw'imitsi y'umutima (`Cardiomyopathy`): Iyo umutima utera mu buryo butunguranye mu gihe kirekire, imitsi y'umutima ishobora gucika intege kandi ubushobozi bwayo bwo gupompa amaraso bushobora kugabanuka.
- Umutima uhagaze: Kudakora neza kw'imitsi y'amaraso bishobora gutuma umutima uhagarara mu buryo butunguranye.
- Stroke: Muri zimwe na zimwe zifata imitsi, nko kuzura kw'amaraso mu mutima, amaraso ashobora kuzura mu mutima. Iyo iki gice cy'amaraso kigiye mu bwonko kikabuza imiyoboro y'amaraso, gishobora gutera paralysis.
Ni gute umuganga abimenya?
Iyo ugiye kwa muganga, abanza kukubaza ibimenyetso byawe akagusuzuma. Bashobora gusuzuma umutima wawe no kumva umutima wawe bakoresheje stethoscope kugira ngo barebe niba hari umutima utera nabi.
Nyuma y’ibyo, hashobora gutangwa ibizamini bitandukanye kugira ngo byemezwe ko indwara yanduye kandi hamenyekane icyayiteye.
| Ikizamini | Gusa ... |
|---|---|
| ECG (Electrocardiogram) | Ikizamini cyandika imikorere y'amashanyarazi y'umutima. Iki ni cyo kizamini cy'ibanze gikoreshwa mu gupima arrhythmia. |
| Gupima amaraso | Genzura ibintu nk'urugero rw'umunyu mu mubiri n'imisemburo ya tiroyide. |
| Ibikoresho bipima ikirere (urugero, Holter monitor) | Agakoresho gato gashyirwa mu mubiri wawe kugira ngo gakomeze gufata umuvuduko w'umutima wawe mu gihe cy'amasaha 24 cyangwa arenga. |
| Echocardiogram (Ishusho) | Gupima umutima. Ibi bishobora kureba ibintu nk'ingano, imiterere, n'imikorere y'imitsi y'umutima. |
| Ikizamini cy'umuhangayiko | Gufata ECG mu gihe ukora imyitozo ngororamubiri (ugenda n'amaguru ku gikoresho cyo gutemberamo). Ibi bifasha kumenya arrhythmias zibaho mu gihe ukora imyitozo ngororamubiri. |
| Inyigo y'ikoranabuhanga rya elegitoroniki (EPS) | Ikizamini cyihariye cyiga ku buryo bwimbitse imikorere y'amashanyarazi y'umutima. |
Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura ibi?
Uburyo bwo kuvura buterwa n'ubwoko bwa arrhythmia ufite n'ubukana bwayo. Hari igihe nta buvuzi bukenewe. Niba bikenewe kuvura, hari amahitamo menshi.
1. Imiti
Hari ubwoko butandukanye bw'imiti. Si imiti yose ingana. Muganga wawe azagufasha kubona umuti ukubereye n'ingano ikubereye.
- Imiti igabanya ubukana bw'umutima: Imiti itangwa kugira ngo igarure ubukana bw'umutima butari busanzwe (sinus rhythm) cyangwa kugira ngo hirindwe ko habaho ubukana bw'umutima butari busanzwe.
- Imiti igabanya umuvuduko w'umutima: Imiti itangwa kugira ngo igenzure umutima utera vuba.
- Imiti igabanya amaraso mu mubiri: Imiti itangwa kugira ngo igabanye ibyago byo kubyimba kw'amaraso (urugero: warfarin, aspirine).
2. Impinduka mu mibereho
Ibi ni ingenzi cyane.
- Kugenzura umuvuduko w'amaraso na diyabete.
- Kureka kunywa itabi burundu.
- Kugabanya ikoreshwa ry'inzoga.
- Gabanya cyangwa uhagarike ikoreshwa rya kafeyine n'ibindi bitera imbaraga.
- Kugumana ibiro byiza.
3. Uburyo bwihariye bwo kuvura
- Gutera umutima guhindagurika: Gutera umutima gutwarwa n'amashanyarazi kugira ngo wongere ugarure umuvuduko w'umutima usanzwe.
- Kugabanya ubushyuhe mu mitsi: Umuyoboro muto (catheter) unyura mu mutsi uri ku kaguru cyangwa ku kuboko ujya mu mutima, hanyuma agace gato k'imitsi y'umutima gatera arrhythmia kagakurwaho n'ingufu z'amashanyarazi zikoresha amashanyarazi menshi.
4. Ibikoresho byambarwa ku mubiri
- Imashini ikora neza mu mutima: Igikoresho gihabwa abantu bafite umutima utera buhoro cyane (bradycardia). Yohereza ibimenyetso bito by'amashanyarazi kugira ngo umutima ukomeze gutera ku rugero rusanzwe.
- Imashini igabanya ububabare bw'umutima (ICD): Iyi ni igikoresho gikurikirana buri gihe imivuduko y'umutima. Iyo ibonye imivuduko yihuta cyane kandi idasanzwe (ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation) ishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga, itera umutima gutungurwa kugira ngo wongere imivuduko.
5. Kubagwa
Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, kubagwa bishobora kuba ngombwa kugira ngo havurwe indwara y’umutima (indwara y’imitsi, imitsi yazibye) itera arrhythmia. Uburyo bwa Maze ni uburyo bwihariye bwo kubaga atrial fibrillation.
Ni ryari nkwiye kujya kwa muganga? Ni ryari nkwiye kujya muri ETU?
Niba ufite arrhythmia, ni ngombwa kujya kwa muganga ku gihe no kwisuzumisha nk'uko muganga agusaba. Ariko, hari igihe ugomba gushaka inama za muganga vuba.
Hamagara muganga wawe niba ibimenyetso byawe (urugero: kubabara mu gatuza, isereri) birushaho kwiyongera cyangwa bikigaragara kenshi, aho gutegereza umunsi usanzwe ujya kwa muganga.
Ibihe ugomba guhita ujya mu Ishami ry’Ubuvuzi bwihutirwa (ETU):
Niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso bikurikira, ntugapfushe umwanya kandi uhite ujya kwa ETU (Ishami rishinzwe Ubuvuzi bwihutirwa) ry’ibitaro biri hafi yawe.
- Guhumeka bigoranye cyane
- Kubabara mu gatuza
- Isereri ikomeye
- Kuzinduka
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Arrhythmia ni indwara y'umutima idakora neza. Ibi si ko buri gihe biba bikomeye, ariko hari ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bushobora guteza akaga.
- Niba ufite ibimenyetso nko kubabara mu gatuza, kuzungera, guhumeka bigoranye, cyangwa guta ubwenge, menya neza ko wagiye kwa muganga.
- Guhindura imibereho yoroheje (kureka kunywa itabi, kugabanya inzoga, no kugenzura ibiro) bishobora gufasha cyane mu kugenzura arrhythmia.
- Niba warahawe imiti, ntugahagarike kuyifata cyangwa ngo uhindure ingano yayo utabanje kugisha inama muganga wawe.
- Mu gihe cy’impanuka (kubabara cyane mu gatuza, guhumeka nabi, guta ubwenge), jya kwa ETU ako kanya.
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