Niba warigeze kujya mu bitaro cyangwa ukabona abaganga n'abaforomo basiga imiti ku gikomere cyawe, bazitondera cyane kandi bakurikize amabwiriza yihariye. Bazambara uturindantoki dushya, bakure ibikoresho mu mapaki yihariye, kandi basige imiti hafi y'igikomere. Ese wigeze wibaza impamvu bakora ibi byose? Impamvu y'ibi ni uko icyo tuvuga uyu munsi cyitwa 'Aseptic Technique'. Muri make, ubu ni uburyo bukomeye cyane kandi bw'ingenzi bukoreshwa mu gukumira ikwirakwira rya mikorobe.
Kuki dukeneye iki kintu cyitwa 'Aseptic Technique'?
Tekereza nawe, hari mikorobe hirya no hino mu bidukikije. Hari mikorobe za miriyoni mu mwuka duhumeka, mu mazi tunywa, ndetse no ku ruhu rwacu. Ariko si mikorobe zose zidutera kurwara. Inyinshi muri zo nta kibazo zifite. Ariko, hari mikorobe zimwe na zimwe, tuyita pathogens . Izi ni zo zidutera indwara zikomeye n'ubwandu. Urugero, ibintu nka bagiteri, virusi, fungi.
Ubusanzwe, uruhu rwacu rumeze nk'urukuta runini rurinda izi mikorobe kwinjira mu mubiri. Ariko iyo ubayegwa, iyo wakomeretse, cyangwa iyo ushyizemo ikintu kimeze nk'agakoresho k'ingufu, uru ruhu ruravunika. Hanyuma, biba byoroshye cyane ko izo mikorobe ziteje akaga zinjira mu mubiri.
Muri icyo gihe, abahanga mu by'ubuzima bakoresha ubu buryo butagira imikorobe, cyangwa 'Aseptic Technique,' kugira ngo birinde mikorobe kwinjira mu mubiri zigatera indwara.
Dore zimwe mu bihe aho ubu buryo buba bukenewe cyane:
- Mu gihe cyo gupfuka ibikomere no kubipfuka umuti.
- Mu gihe cyo kubaga.
- Mu gihe ushyira imiyoboro yihariye (imirongo ya PICC cyangwa catheter zo mu mitsi yo hagati) mu mitsi.
- Mu kuvura nko gukoresha dialyse ku barwayi b'impyiko.
- Hari ubwo ingero z'amaraso cyangwa izindi ngero zifatwa kugira ngo zipimwe.
Muri ibi bihe byose, intego ni ukurinda ko mikorobe zinjira mu mubiri w'umurwayi uko bishoboka kose.
Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati y'amagambo atatu 'Gusukura', 'Aseptic' na 'Sterile'?
Ushobora kuba warumvise aya magambo atatu ubwo waganiraga na muganga. Nubwo asa, hari itandukaniro rito ariko rikomeye cyane. Reka tubisobanukirwe neza.
| Igihembwe | Ubusobanuro bworoshye | Urugero |
|---|---|---|
| Isuku | Kuba isuku, nta mukungugu n'umwanda. Ariko, ibi bishobora kuba birimo mikorobe zitangiza. Icyo bikorwa hano ni ukugabanya umubare wa mikorobe. | Agasanduku k'uturindantoki dushya mu cyumba cya muganga. Ni isuku, ariko ntabwo ari mikorobe rwose. |
| Aseptic (idafite mikorobe) | Iki ni ikibazo gikomeye kurushaho. Intego hano ni ukurandura burundu indwara zitera indwara. Iri ni ijambo ryerekeza ku buryo runaka. | Mbere yo kubagwa, umuganga yoza intoki ze n'isabune yihariye, yambara imyenda yihariye, kandi agasukura uruhu rw'umurwayi akoresheje umuti wica udukoko. |
| Ifite ubusembwa | Ibi bivuze ko nta mikorobe (nziza cyangwa mbi) z'ubwoko ubwo aribwo bwose ziba mu kintu cyangwa mu bidukikije. Iyi ni yo iherezo, cyangwa imiterere. | Ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu kubaga, nk'imikasi n'ibyuma bipfundikiye, bifunze mu mapaki yihariye. Ikinamico ry'ubuvuzi. |
Mu magambo make, umuganga akoresha uburyo bwa 'aseptic' kugira ngo akurinde kwandura indwara akoresheje ahantu hadateye indwara cyangwa hatarimo mikorobe na gato.
Ni ibihe bintu bine by'ingenzi bigize 'Ubuhanga bwo Gusesagura'?
Hari intambwe enye z'ingenzi zo gukurikiza kugira ngo ubu buryo butagira mikorobe bukore neza. Reka tubisuzume kimwe kimwe.
1. Ibikoresho n'imyiteguro y'abarwayi
Iyi ni intambwe ya mbere kandi y'ingenzi cyane. Ibikoresho byose bikoreshwa mu kuvura bigomba kuba byarasutsweho imiti yica udukoko, cyangwa 'bigashyirwamo imiti yica udukoko.' Uburyo busanzwe bwo kubikoresha ni ugusenya mikorobe hakoreshejwe ubushyuhe bwinshi n'umuvuduko mwinshi.
- Gusukura ibikoresho: Ibikoresho bipfunyitse mu buryo bwihariye (Autoclave)Ibikoresho bishyirwa mu mashini yitwa steriliser. Ubushyuhe bwinshi n'umuvuduko w'umwuka uri muri iyi mashini byangiza udukoko twose turi kuri iyo mashini. Nyuma yo kuyikura mu mashini, hagenzurwa ikimenyetso cyihariye (urugero, kaseti ihindura ibara) ku ipaki. Ibi byemeza ko inzira yo kuyihagarika yarangiye neza.
- Gutegura umurwayi: Uretse ibikoresho, ahantu umurwayi azakorerwa hagomba gusukurwa. Ibi bikorwa hakoreshejwe umuti wica udukoko kugira ngo wice mikorobe zose ziri muri ako gace.
2. Gukoresha Inzitizi
Inzitizi ni ibintu bibuza mikorobe kuva ahantu hamwe zijya ahandi. Ibi bimeze nk'ingabo ikoreshwa mu ntambara.
- Ibikoresho byo kwirinda ku giti cyawe: Ingero zirimo uturindantoki twambaye imyenda idafite umwanda, amakanzu, n'udupfukamunwa twambarwa n'abaganga n'abaforomo. Kwambara ibi bikoresho birinda mikorobe ziri ku mibiri yabo kwanduzwa umurwayi, kandi mikorobe ziri ku mubiri w'umurwayi ntizanduzwe kuri we.
- Izindi mbogamizi: Amashuka adasembuye, apfundikirwa umubiri w'umurwayi mu gihe cyo kubagwa, ni indi mbogamizi. Ibi bifasha gusa gushyira ahagaragara aho kubagwa no gukumira mikorobe kwinjira ziturutse ahandi.
3. Amabwiriza agenga itumanaho
Iri ni itegeko ry'ingenzi cyane. Muri make, itegeko ni iri: "Ikintu kidahumanye gishobora gukorwaho n'ikindi kintu kidahumanye."
- Urugero, nyuma yuko umuganga yambaye uturindantoki dusukuye, ashobora gufata ibikoresho bisukuye. Ariko ntashobora gupfuka izuru cyangwa gusubiza telefoni akoresheje utwo turindantoki. Iyo abikoze, utwo turindantoki tuba tukiri 'tutasukuye'. Ibyo bivuze ko 'twanduye', cyangwa twanduye.
4. Igenzura ry'ibidukikije
Ni ngombwa kubungabunga icyumba cyo kuvurirwamo cyangwa ahantu hakorerwa ivuriro nta mikorobe.
- Ese wigeze wibaza impamvu inzugi z'icyumba cyo kubaga zihora zifunze? Impamvu ni ukurinda mikorobe kwinjira mu cyumba umwuka uturutse hanze.
- Nanone, barimo kugabanya umubare w'abantu bashobora kwinjira muri ibyo bice. Bakoresha kandi uburyo bwihariye bwo kuyungurura umwuka kugira ngo bakure mikorobe mu kirere.
Akamaro k'Ubuhanga bwo Kudatera Isemburo n'Uruhare Rwawe
Mu gukurikiza ubu buryo neza, indwara zandurira mu bitaro zishobora kwirindwa ahanini. Ibi bishobora kuba ikibazo cy'ubuzima n'urupfu, cyane cyane ku barwayi bafite ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri budakora neza.
Kugira ngo ubu buryo bukore neza, buri wese mu rwego rw'ubuvuzi, kuva ku baganga kugeza ku bakozi bakora isuku, agomba gukurikiza aya mategeko neza.
Ariko nk'umurwayi, nawe ufite uruhare muri iki kibazo. Ufite inshingano ku mutekano wawe.
Niba wumva ko umuganga cyangwa umuforomo batakarabye intoki zabo mbere yo kukuvura, cyangwa niba bakoresha ibikoresho byanduye, ntutinye kuvuga no kubaza ibibazo. Nta kibi kirimo kubaza mu buryo bwiyubashye uti "Muganga, mbabarira, wakarabye intoki zawe?" Ni uburenganzira bwawe kubikora kubera umutekano wawe. Umukozi mwiza mu by'ubuzima ntazigera arakazwa n'ikibazo nk'icyo, kandi aragishimira.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- 'Aseptic Technique' ni uburyo bw'ingenzi cyane kandi bukomeye bukoreshwa mu bitaro no mu mavuriro kugira ngo hirindwe ikwirakwira rya mikorobe.
- 'Gusukura' bivuze kugabanya umubare wa mikorobe. Ariko 'Aseptic' bivuze inzira yo kurandura burundu mikorobe zitera indwara. 'Sterile' bivuze imimerere ya nyuma aho nta mikorobe zihari.
- Ibice bine by'ingenzi by'ubu buryo ni: ibikoresho n'imyiteguro y'abarwayi, ikoreshwa ry'inzitizi, amategeko akaze ku gukorakora, no kugenzura ibidukikije.
- Ubu buryo bukurinda kwandura indwara zikomeye mu gihe cyo kubagwa cyangwa gupfuka ibikomere.
- Nk'umurwayi, niba ufite gushidikanya niba izi ngamba z'umutekano zikurikizwa mu gihe cyo kuvurwa kwawe, ntutinye kubaza abakozi b'ubuzima ibyazo. Ni ingenzi ku mutekano wawe.
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