Ese imiyoboro y'amaraso ijya mu bwonko irafunze? Reka tuvuge ku bijyanye no gufunga imitsi ya Carotid Artery

Ese wigeze wumva ibyerekeye indwara ya stroke? Ni indwara ikomeye itera ubwoba abantu benshi kandi ishobora guhindura ubuzima bwabo. Impamvu nyamukuru y’iyi ndwara ya stroke ni ukufungana kw’imitsi mikuru y’amaraso ijyana umwuka wa ogisijeni n’intungamubiri mu bwonko bwacu. Ni nk’umuyoboro munini wafunzwe ujyana amazi mu busitani. Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku buryo bw’ingenzi cyane bwo kuvura bufungura iyi mitsi yafunzwe, bugatuma amaraso atembera neza mu bwonko, kandi bukagabanya ibyago byo kurwara stroke.

Mu magambo make, Carotid Artery Stenting ni iki?

Tekereza ko dufite "imitsi" ibiri y'ingenzi ku mpande zombi z'ijosi ryacu itanga amaraso mu bwonko bwacu, mu maso no mu ijosi. Iyi ni yo twita mu buvuzi Imitsi ya Carotid . Uko igihe kigenda gihita, ibinure byinshi, cyane cyane cholesterol (abaganga bita `plaque`), bitangira kwiyongera ku nkuta z'iyi mitsi. Ni nk'ingese ziyongera mu muyoboro w'amazi. Buhoro buhoro, iyi mitsi iragenda yiyongera maze imitsi y'amaraso ikagira umubyimba, rimwe na rimwe ikayifunga burundu. Iyi ndwara yitwa Carotid Artery Stenosis .

Aha niho umuyoboro muto cyane w’icyuma umeze nk’urushundura winjizwa mu gace kafunze maze umuyoboro w’amaraso wagabanutse wongera kwaguka. Ibi ni byo twita stent y’imitsi ya carotide .

Ubu buvuzi bukorwa n'inzobere zabihuguriwe, nka Interventional Cardiologist, Vagiteri w'imitsi, cyangwa Umuganga w'imitsi yo mu nda.

Ni nde koko ukeneye ubu buvuzi?

Mbere yuko muganga wawe akugira inama yo kuvurwa, azajya agupima imitsi y'amaraso yo mu ijosi, akore ultrasound scan, cyangwa MRI scan kugira ngo arebe uko yazibye. Ubu buvuzi bukunze kuba bukenewe ku bantu:

• Abagaragaje ibimenyetso byo gucika intege mu mitsi cyangwa mu mitsi mito kandi imitsi yabo ya carotid ikaba yarafunzwe ku kigero kirenga 50% na scan.
• Ku bantu badafite ibimenyetso, ariko imitsi yabo ya carotid ikaba ifunze ku kigero kirenga 70% iyo ikoreshejwe scan.

Ni gute nakwitegura mbere yo kuvurwa?

Nubwo ibi atari ibintu bikomeye nko kubagwa, bisaba kwitegura. Muganga wawe ashobora kukubwira ibi bikurikira:

• Imiti igabanya amaraso: Ushobora gusabwa gutangira gufata aspirine n'indi miti isa nayo (urugero: Clopidogrel, Ticagrelor) iminsi itatu kugeza kuri itanu mbere y'uko ufata imiti. Ni ngombwa gufata iyi miti neza nk'uko muganga akubwira, nk'uko byategetswe. Kutabikora bishobora gutuma imiti yawe itinda.
• Ibiryo n'ibinyobwa: Uzasabwa kwiyiriza ubusa amasaha make mbere yo kuvurwa. Muganga wawe azaguha amabwiriza yihariye kuri ibi.

Ni iki kibaho mu gihe cyo kuvurwa?

Hari uburyo bubiri bw'ingenzi bwo gushyira stent mu mitsi y'amaraso iri mu ijosi ryawe. Muganga wawe ni we uzaguhitiramo uburyo bukubereye.

Muri ubu buryo bwo kuvura, uzahabwa imiti nka heparin yo gukumira kuvura amaraso. Ubusanzwe igikorwa cyose kimara isaha imwe cyangwa abiri. Ariko, ugomba kumara umunsi mu bitaro, harimo n'igihe cyo kwitegura no kwitabwaho nyuma yaho.

Bigenda bite nyuma yo kuvurwa?

Nyuma yo gushyiramo stent neza, itsinda ry’abaganga rizakora ibi bikurikira:

• Ikizamini nka angiogram kirakorwa kugira ngo harebwe niba stent ifite ubugari buhagije kandi niba amaraso atembera neza.
• Kathetateri zose zirakurwaho. Istent iguma mu mwanya wayo burundu.
• Uzahabwa imiti ikenewe kugira ngo ugabanye ububabare wumva.
• Ibisubizo by'ubuvuzi bizasobanurirwa wowe n'umuryango wawe.
• Umaze gutaha, uzahabwa amabwiriza y'uko wafata imiti yawe, ibyo kurya, n'uko wakora siporo. By'umwihariko, uzabwirwa gukomeza gufata aspirine n'indi miti igabanya amaraso.

Ni izihe nyungu n'ingaruka z'ubu buvuzi?

Hari ibyiza byinshi byo gusiga stent ugereranije n'uburyo gakondo bwo gukata inda z'indaro.

Ibyiza by'ingenzi

• Nta mpamvu yo kubagwa cyane: Ubu buryo bugira ingaruka nke ku mubiri.
• Gukata gato cyangwa kutakata: Mu buryo bumwe na bumwe, hari aho gutobora gusa.
• Kugabanya ibyago byo kwangirika kw'imitsi yo mu ijosi.
• Kugabanuka k'ububabare nyuma yo kuvurwa.

Ingaruka zishobora kubaho (Ingorane)

Kimwe no ku buvuzi bwose, hari ingaruka zimwe na zimwe. Ariko ibi ntibibaho kuri buri wese.

• Kugabanuka k'umuvuduko w'amaraso (`Hypotension`) cyangwa kwiyongera k'umuvuduko w'amaraso (`Hypertension`).
• Umutima utera buhoro buhoro (Bradycardia).
• Kuva amaraso aturutse aho umuyoboro w'amaraso washyizwe.
• Kuvura amaraso.
• Stroke: Hari ibyago bike byo kurwara stroke biturutse ku gushonga gato k'amaraso kajya mu bwonko mu gihe cyo kuvurwa cyangwa nyuma yaho.
• Kuva amaraso mu bwonko.

Ibi bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'imyaka yawe, niba ufite izindi ndwara, ndetse n'urugero rw'aho imitsi y'amaraso ifunganye. Rero, ganira na muganga wawe kuri ibi kandi ubaze ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose ufite.

Ni iki wakora kugira ngo ubone umusaruro mwiza?

Indwara yatumye imiyoboro y'amaraso ifungana (atherosclerosis) nyuma yo gushyirwaho stent ntabwo izakira burundu. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane guhindura imibereho yawe kugira ngo wirinde ko ibibazo nk'ibyo byazavuka mu gihe kizaza.

• Irinde kunywa itabi burundu: Si itabi, bidis, na cigarette gusa, ahubwo no kunywa vaping bigomba guhagarara.
• Fata imiti yawe neza: Fata imiti wahawe na muganga wawe ku gihe gikwiye kandi mu gipimo gikwiye.
• Komeza kugira ibiro bizima.
• Siporo buri gihe: No kugenda n'amaguru iminota 30 ku munsi ni byiza.
• Kurikiza indyo yuzuye umutima: gabanya amavuta, umunyu n'isukari, kandi urye imbuto n'imboga byinshi.
• Kugenzura izindi ndwara:Niba urwaye diyabete, umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, cyangwa cholesterol, bigenzure neza (urugero: komeza umuvuduko w'amaraso uri munsi ya 130, cholesterol ya LDL iri munsi ya 70, na HbA1c iri munsi ya 7).
• Jya kwisuzumisha nyuma: Menya neza ko ugiye kwa muganga ku minsi akubwira kuza kureba uko stent imeze.

Igihe cyo gukira ni ikihe kandi ni ryari ngomba guhamagara muganga?

Ugomba kuruhuka gato mu cyumweru cya mbere nyuma yo gutaha.

• Irinde guterura ibintu biremereye (birengeje ibiro 10).
• Ntukinjize aho washyize mu mazi (urugero: koga, koga) mu gihe cy'icyumweru. Kwiyuhagira si ikibazo.
• Niba urimo kuzamuka ingazi, zizamure buhoro buhoro.

Ibintu bisaba kwitabwaho byihutirwa:

Nanone, niba aho umuyoboro w'amaraso ukomeje kuva amaraso, kubyimba, cyangwa kuvamo amashyira, hamagara muganga wawe vuba.