Iyo uvunitse ukuboko cyangwa ukuguru, abaganga bashyiraho plaster, si byo se? Akenshi, nyuma y'igihe runaka, amagufwa arakira kandi agasubirana neza. Ariko rimwe na rimwe, uko igihe cyagenda kose, amagufwa ntahura neza. Cyangwa se iyo igufwa ryavunitse mu mpanuka ikomeye, umubiri ubwawo ntushobora kuzuza icyuho. Ni bwo abaganga bavuga ku 'guteranya amagufwa '. Nubwo bishobora kumvikana nk'ibiteye ubwoba, ubu ni igikorwa cy'ingenzi cyane gifasha umubiri wacu. Reka tubiganireho mu buryo bworoshye.
Mu magambo make, guterwa amagufwa ni iki?
Tekereza ko hari umwobo munini mu rukuta rw'inzu yawe. Dukoresha ibintu nka sima n'amatafari kugira ngo twuzuze uwo mwobo, si byo se? Ibyo ni kimwe n'ibi. Gutera amagufwa ni uburyo bwo kubaga busaba gusimbuza igufwa ryavunitse, ryacitse intege, cyangwa ritakiriho n'ikindi gice cy'igufwa cyangwa ikindi kintu cy'ubukorano gikora nk'icyo kuri iryo gufwa kugira ngo rikire.
Ibi bifite intego ebyiri z'ingenzi:
1. Gutanga imbaraga n'inkunga by'inyongera: Iyo iki gishinge gishyizwe mu cyuho cy'igufwa ryacitse intege, kigiha imbaraga nshya. Ni nko gushyira igikoresho mu igufwa ryavunitse.
2. Itera imbaraga mu gukura kw'uturemangingo dushya tw'amagufwa: Iyi fatizo ikora nk'igisenge. Uturemangingo twubaka amagufwa mu mubiri dushobora gukura ku gisenge, tukuzuza icyuho, hanyuma tugatangira gukora igufwa rishya. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, fatizo n'igufwa ryawe ririho birahuza, bigakora igufwa rimwe rikomeye.
Ni mu bihe ibihe ubwo bwoko bw'ubuvuzi bukenewe?
Hari impamvu nyinshi zishobora gutuma hakenerwa ko habaho igufwa rishyirwa mu magufwa. Impamvu nyamukuru ni uko imvune zidakira neza.
Ibibazo byo gukira kw'imvune
Hari igihe igufwa ryavunitse, ntirikira uko byari byitezwe. Ibi bishobora kubaho mu buryo butatu bw'ingenzi:
- Gutinda guterana: Iyo igufwa rimaze igihe kirekire kuruta uko bisanzwe kugira ngo rikire.
- Malunion: Ibice bibiri by'igufwa bihurizwa hamwe mu mwanya utari wo cyangwa utari wo.
- Kutavanga: Iyo ibice bibiri by'amagufwa bitahuye, bigasiga icyuho hagati yabyo.
Mu bihe nk'ibi, hakenewe ifu yo kuziba icyuho no gutera imbaraga imikurire y'amagufwa.
Izindi mpamvu
Uretse kuvunika kw'ivu, ubu buryo bwo kubagwa bushobora kuba ngombwa mu zindi ndwara nyinshi:
- Zimwe mu ndwara z'amagufwa: Mu ndwara nka osteonecrosis, aho amaraso anyura mu magufwa abura kandi amagufwa agapfa, ndetse no mu bihe nka kanseri y'amagufwa.
- Kwandura amagufwa (Osteomyelitis): Iyo igice cy'igufwa cyangiritse bitewe n'ubwandu bukomeye, icyo gice kirakurwaho hanyuma icyuho kikazuzura.
- Ibibazo by’ababyeyi: Hari abantu bashobora kuvukana uburebure butandukanye bw’amaguru. Ubu buryo bunakoreshwa mu gukosora indwara nko ku igufwa rito cyane ry’akananwa.
- Gukomeza urwasaya mbere yo guterwa amenyo: Mbere y'uko umuntu ashyirwaho urwasaya, iyo urwasaya rwe rudakomeye bihagije kugira ngo rube rwarwo, hakorwa agashinge gato k'amagufwa kugira ngo rukomeze.
- Kubaga ingingo zisimbura ingingo: Iyo ingingo z’ubukorano, nk’ingingo y’ikibuno cyangwa ivi, zishyizwe mu mubiri, hakenewe gukura kw’amagufwa kugira ngo agere neza mu magufwa y’umubiri.
- Guhuza uruti rw'umugongo: Mu kubaga uruvange rw'umugongo, izi implants zikunze gukoreshwa mu guhuza no gukomeza amagufwa.
- Impanuka zikomeye: Iyo igufwa ryamenetsemo ibice mu mpanuka ikomeye, ibi ni ngombwa kugira ngo wongere kubaka ibice byatakaye.
Ni ubuhe buryo bw'ingenzi bwo gutera amagufwa?
Muganga azahitamo uburyo bukubereye akurikije ibintu byinshi, nko kumererwa nabi n'ingano y'agace gakeneye guterwamo implant. Hari uburyo bwinshi bw'ingenzi.
| Ubwoko bwa Graft | Ni iki kirimo kuba hano? (Mu buryo bworoshye) |
|---|---|
| Autograft (urushinge rwakuweho nawe) | Ubu ni bwo buryo bwiza cyane. Bukubiyemo gufata agace gato k'igufwa mu kindi gice cy'umubiri wawe, akenshi igice cya iliac, ukagashyira ahantu wifuza. Umubiri ubyakira byoroshye kuko ari igice cyawo. Ariko, bisaba gukata andi magufwa, kandi hashobora kubaho ububabare igihe runaka aho igufwa ryafatiwe. |
| Allograft (guteranya umuntu n'undi) | Ibi bikubiyemo gukoresha igufwa ry’uwapfuye. Iri gufwa rirasukurwa, rigashyirwa mu buryo busanzwe, kandi ribikwa neza mu bubiko bw’amagufwa hakurikijwe amabwiriza akomeye y’ubuzima. Akamaro k’ubu buryo ni uko udakenera gukomeretsa ahandi hantu mu mubiri wawe. Ubu buryo bukunze gukoreshwa mu kubaga uruti rw’umugongo. |
| Ifu y'umusemburo w'amagufwa | Umwongo w'amagufwa uri mu magufwa yacu urimo uturemangingo twihariye dufasha amagufwa gukura. Muri ubu buryo, umwongo muto uvanwa mu igufwa ryawe ry'ikibuno hakoreshejwe urushinge hanyuma ugakoreshwa wonyine cyangwa ukavangwa n'ikindi gishishwa kugira ngo amagufwa yihutishwe gukira. |
| Guteranya Amagufwa mu buryo bwa Synthetic | Ibi ni ibikoresho by’ubukorano byateguwe mu buryo bwihariye muri laboratwari. Bikozwe mu bikoresho bitandukanye, kandi bimwe bifite poroteyine zongewemo zifasha gukura kw’amagufwa. Kubera ko biboneka ari byinshi, ni ingirakamaro cyane mu kuzuza icyuho kinini cy’amagufwa. Kandi nta ngaruka zo kwandura. |
Ni iki kibaho mu gihe cyo kubagwa?
Ubu ni ukubagwa ubusanzwe gukorwa hakoreshejwe ikinya rusange. Bityo rero ntuzumva ububabare ubwo aribwo bwose. Dore uko bigenda mu gihe cyo kubagwa:
1. Anesthesia: Umuganga w'inzobere mu gutera ikinya azagusinzira burundu.
2. Gukata: Umuganga ubaga uruhu aho igufwa rikeneye gushirwaho, akarugeza ku igufwa.
3. Gutegura: Hanyuma igufwa rirasukurwa neza, ingingo zose zangiritse cyangwa zirwaye zirakurwaho, maze rigategurwa kwakira ishinge.
4. Gushyiramo implant: Hanyuma, ubwoko bwa implant bwatoranijwe bushyirwa mu cyuho gikwiye kandi bugahambirwa n'ibyuma cyangwa vis kugira ngo budatwarwa.
5. Gusunika: Amaherezo, aho gukata hafungwa hakoreshejwe imidozi.
Ni izihe ngaruka mbi zishobora guterwa n'ubu buvuzi?
Nkuko bigenda mu kubagwa kose, hari ingaruka zimwe na zimwe zibaho. Ariko, izi ni nke cyane. Itsinda ry'abaganga rizakora uko rishoboye kose kugira ngo rigabanye izo ngaruka.
- Kuva amaraso
- Indwara zandurira mu mubiri
- Agahu ka appendix ntigakira neza.
- Ububabare burambye
- Gucika kw'igufwa rikikije ishingwa
- Ikosa ry'ibikoresho by'icyuma cyangwa vis byangiritse
- Inkovu
Icy'ingenzi kurushaho: Niba unywa itabi, ni imbogamizi ikomeye ku gukira kw'amagufwa. Nikotine igabanya amaraso ajya mu magufwa. Kubwibyo, kugira ngo ubagwe neza, ni ngombwa kwirinda kunywa itabi. Menya neza ko wabiganiriyeho na muganga wawe.
Ni iki kibaho nyuma yo kubagwa?
Nyuma yo kubagwa, uzamara iminsi mike mu bitaro. Uzahabwa imiti yo kugenzura ububabare. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, umubiri wawe uzatangira gukura amagufwa mashya hirya no hino no mu gice cyatewemo. Iki gikorwa gishobora gufata ibyumweru bike kugeza ku mezi make, cyangwa ndetse n'umwaka.
Igihe cyo gukira kizatandukana bitewe n'imyaka yawe, ubuzima bwawe muri rusange, ingano n'aho icyo gikoresho giherereye. Ni ngombwa cyane gukurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe neza, cyane cyane ku bijyanye n'igihe cyo kuruhuka n'igihe cyo gutangira gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri.
Akenshi, ubu buryo bwo kubaga buragira icyo bugeraho. Ariko, ni gake cyane, ingorane nko kwanga guterwa, kwandura indwara, cyangwa kwangirika kw'imitsi zishobora kubaho.
Ni ibihe bimenyetso bisaba ko ubonana na muganga byihutirwa?
Ugeze mu rugo nyuma yo kubagwa, itondere ibi bimenyetso. Niba ufite kimwe muri ibi, hamagara muganga wawe ako kanya.
- Kuva amaraso menshi, kubyimba cyane, cyangwa kuva amaraso mu buryo budasanzwe nk'ibibyimba bivuye aho bakorewe.
- Umuriro .
- Niba wumva ufite ibinure cyangwa urimo kwishimagura hafi y'igitsina (Neuropathy).
- Niba ufite ububabare bukomeye udashobora gukumira nubwo wafata imiti igabanya ububabare wahawe na muganga.
Gutera amagufwa ni uburyo bw'ingenzi cyane mu buvuzi bufasha kugarura amagufwa yangiritse no kugufasha gusubira mu buzima busanzwe. Nta mpamvu yo kubitinya. Hari itsinda ry'abaganga b'inzobere bazahitamo uburyo bukunogeye kandi bakakwitaho neza. Icy'ingenzi ni ugukurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga neza kandi ukihangana mu gihe ukize.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Gutera amagufwa ni uburyo bwo kubaga bufasha umubiri gukora amagufwa mashya binyuze mu kuzuza icyuho cy’amagufwa adashobora gukira ubwayo.
- Ibi bishobora gukorwa hakoreshejwe igufwa ry’umubiri wawe (autograft), igufwa ry’undi muntu utanga (allograft), cyangwa igufwa ry’ubukorano. Muganga wawe ni we uzaguhitiramo uburyo bukubereye.
- Kwihangana ni ingenzi kuko gukira bifata igihe. Kurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe neza.
- Kugira ngo ubuvuzi bugende neza, ni ngombwa kureka kunywa itabi burundu .
- Niba ugaragaje ibimenyetso by'umuburo nko kugira umuriro, ububabare bukabije, kubyimba, cyangwa amabyi nyuma yo kubagwa, menyesha muganga wawe ako kanya.
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