Umutima wacu ni urugingo rukora nk'ipompo nziza cyane. Muri iyi pompe, hari amarembo mato afasha amaraso gutembera mu cyerekezo kimwe gusa. Tuyita utu tuzunga tw'umutima. Tekereza uko byagenda iyo rimwe muri aya amarembo ritafungutse neza, rigafungwa, cyangwa rikagabanuka? Hanyuma umutima ugomba gukora cyane kugira ngo upompe amaraso. Ibi tubyita stenosis y'indwara. Uyu munsi rero turimo kuvuga ku buryo butari bworoshye bwo kuvura kugira ngo uzunga nk'uwo wongere gukora neza, ni ukuvuga kugira ngo umwobo wawo ube munini.
Mu magambo make, valvuloplasty ni iki?
Uburyo bwo gupima ibyuma bifunga umutima (valvuloplasty) ni uburyo busanzwe bukoreshwa mu kwagura umwobo w'umutima ufunganye cyangwa ufunze. Biroroshye cyane. Muganga wawe azakoresha umuyoboro muto, woroshye witwa catheter. Impera y'uyu muyoboro ifite agapira gato gafatanye nawo.
Ibi kandi byitwa Balloon Valvuloplasty . Rero, uyu muyoboro ufite ishusho nk'iy'ibaluni unyuzwa mu mitsi yawe imwe ukajya mu muyoboro wafunganye mu mutima wawe. Hanyuma, iyo umuyoboro wuzuye umwuka, ufungura umuyoboro wafunganye ukawugira munini. Iyo igikorwa kirangiye, umuyoboro uragabanuka maze umuyoboro ukawukuramo. Byoroshye cyane, sibyo?
Hari igihe ibi byitwa "valvotomie." Ariko, iryo zina rimwe na rimwe rikoreshwa kuri ubu buryo bwo gukora ibara ry'umuhondo ndetse no kubaga kugira ngo bagure valve hakoreshejwe kubaga umutima ufunguye. Ariko, muri "valvuloplasty" tuvuga uyu munsi, nta gukata gukomeye gukorwa.
Ni izihe ndwara ubu buvuzi bukoreshwa?
Ubu buryo bwo kuvura bukoreshwa cyane cyane mu kwagura umugozi w'umutima wagabanutse (stenosis). Ibi bishobora gukorwa kuri buri mugozi umwe mu ine y'ingenzi mu mutima wacu. Ariko, ubu buryo bukunze gukoreshwa mu kugabanya umugozi wa mitral na mugozi wa aorta .
Tekereza kuri ubu buryo. Hari igihe ibi bikorwa nk'igisubizo cy'agateganyo. Ni ukuvuga ko nyuma y'ubu buvuzi, ushobora kubona uruhutse igihe runaka, hanyuma nyuma yaho ushobora kubagwa kugira ngo ushyiremo valve nshya (Valve replacement).
Icy'ingenzi ni uko valvuloplasty atari uburyo bushya bwo gutera utwuma tw'umutima. Gusana utwuma dusanzweho no kongera umwanya watwo.
Ni gute nakwitegura mbere yo kuvurwa?
Muganga wawe azaguha amabwiriza asobanutse neza y'uko wakwitegura. Ubusanzwe, uzakenera gukora ibi bikurikira:
- Ntukarye cyangwa ngo unywe ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose cyo mu ijoro ryabanjirije kuvurwa (kwiyiriza ubusa).
- Niba ufata imiti igabanya amaraso (anticoagulants), uzakenera guhagarika kuyifata igihe gito, nk'uko muganga wawe abikubwira.
- Kuraho imitako y'icyuma n'amasaha ubishyire mu rugo.
Iyo ugiye kwa muganga, itsinda ry’abaganga rizaguha umuti ugabanya ububabare (anesthesia) kugira ngo ugire icyo ugeraho. Akenshi, uzaba uri maso muri ubu buryo bwo kuvurwa, ariko nta bubabare uzumva.
Ni iki kibaho mu gihe cyo kuvurwa?
Ubu buryo bwo gupima valvuloplasty bukorwa n'inzobere mu by'umutima. Ubusanzwe bifata isaha imwe cyangwa irengaho gato. Reka turebe uko bigenda muri ubu buryo.
| Intambwe | Igisobanuro cyoroshye cy'ibiri kuba |
|---|---|
| 1. Gushyiramo umuyoboro | Muganga ashyira umuyoboro muto witwa sheath mu muyoboro munini w'amaraso uri mu kibuno cyawe, ku kuboko, cyangwa ku rutugu. |
| 2. Kohereza catheter | Muri uwo muyoboro, katheteri ifite umuyoboro ku iherezo inyuzwa mu mitsi y'amaraso ikagera mu mutima witonze. |
| 3. Kwita ku muhanda | Kugira ngo uyu muyoboro ugaragare neza inzira unyuramo mu miyoboro y'amaraso, haterwa ubwoko bwihariye bwa 'irangi ritandukanye'. Iri bara rituma imbere mu miyoboro hagaragara iyo urebewe n'imashini nka X-ray. |
| 4. Izamuka ry'ibiciro by'amabaluni | Iyo catheter igeze aho valvu yazibye iri, ibara ry’umuhondo rishyirwamo umwuka, rigafungura valvu yazibye ikongera ikayigura. |
| 5. Gukuraho umuyoboro | Iyo valve imaze kwaguka, ipuleti iragabanuka maze katheteri n'ipuleti bigakurwaho witonze. |
| 6. Gufunga igikomere | Aho umuyoboro winjijwe hafungwa hakoreshejwe umudozi muto cyangwa ubwoko bwihariye bwa kole yo kubaga. |
Hari igihe, iyo hari ibyago byo kuva amaraso cyangwa niba ukeneye gutegereza kugeza igihe imiti yorohereza amaraso irangiye, umuyoboro wa mbere winjijwemo, witwa 'agace k'amaraso', usigara aho uri mu mwanya wawo mu gihe cy'amasaha atandatu hanyuma ukawukuramo.
Ni izihe nyungu n'ingaruka z'ubu buvuzi?
Nkuko bigenda ku buvuzi ubwo aribwo bwose, hari ibyiza n'ingaruka. Muganga wawe azagusobanurira birambuye akurikije uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze.
| Ibyiza | Ingaruka zishobora kubaho |
|---|---|
| Amaraso atembera neza kandi umutima ntuba ugifite akazi gahagije ko gupompa amaraso. | Kurwara ubwivumbure. |
| Birashoboka gutinda cyangwa kwirinda kubagwa imvange. | Kugaragara kw'indwara zandura. |
| Ushobora gukira vuba kurusha uko wabazwe umutima. | Kuva amaraso. |
| Ntabwo bisiga inkovu nini ku mubiri. | Kwangirika k'umuyoboro w'amaraso cyangwa umutima. |
| Ingaruka zo kugira ibibazo ni nke. | Imva iva muri valve. |
| Ububabare ni buke cyane. | Hanyuma valve yongera kugabanuka. |
| Ugutera k'umutima kudasanzwe. | |
| Indwara y'umutima cyangwa stroke (idasanzwe cyane) |
Bigenda bite nyuma yo kuvurwa?
Iyo ubuvuzi burangiye, uzimurwa mu gace kororerwamo. Hazashyirwa igitambaro aho catheter yashyizwe.
- Niba catheter yashyizwemo inyuze mu kibuno, uzakenera gukomeza ukuguru kwawe mu gihe cy'amasaha menshi. Ubusanzwe uzakenera kumara amasaha abiri kugeza kuri atandatu mu buriri.
- Uzabwirwa kunywa amazi menshi . Ibi bizagufasha gukuraho irangi ryashyizwe mu mubiri wawe binyuze mu nkari zawe.
- Niba ukeneye kunyara uri mu buriri, uzakenera gukoresha igikoresho cyihariye (inkari/igitanda) kugira ngo ubikore.
- Nyuma y'amasaha make uzaba ushobora guhaguruka no kugenda.
- Abantu benshi bashobora gutaha umunsi ukurikiyeho .
Bifata igihe kingana iki kugira ngo umuntu akire?
Ibi biterwa n'ibintu byinshi, nk'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange n'imiterere y'umutima.
- Ugomba kwirinda gukora imirimo ivunanye nko gukora akazi no koga mu gihe cy'iminsi itanu kugeza kuri irindwi .
- Abantu benshi bashobora gusubira ku kazi mu cyumweru kimwe . Ariko, niba akazi kawe gasaba imyitozo ngororamubiri, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo kuruhuka igihe gito.
- Bishobora gufata ibyumweru bigera kuri umunani kugira ngo wongere ubuzima bwawe busanzwe.
- Uzasabwa kugaruka kwisuzumisha mu mezi agera kuri 3-6 nyuma yo kuvurwa. Nyuma y'ibyo, ubusanzwe ugomba kubonana na muganga rimwe mu mwaka.
Ni ryari ngomba guhamagara muganga?
Iyo ugiye mu rugo nyuma yo kuvurwa, shyira umutima ku mubiri wawe. Niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso bikurikira, ntugatinde kandi uhite uhamagara muganga wawe.
| Ibimenyetso byihutirwa ugomba kwitondera | |
|---|---|
| - Kubabara mu gituza | - Kumva ufite ibicurane kandi ufite umuriro |
| - Kunanirwa / Kunanirwa | - Amazi cyangwa kuva amaraso mu gace kashyizwemo |
| - Kugira isesemi cyangwa kuruka | - Ububabare cyangwa kubyimba byiyongera |
| - Kongera ibiro birenga 1.5 kg (ibiro 3) mu munsi umwe (iki gishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'uko amazi agumana) | |
Ku bijyanye no kubaga umutima, ni ibisanzwe kumva ufite ubwoba gato, nubwo atari ukubaga ku mugaragaro. Valvuloplasty ni uburyo bwiza bwo gutinza gukenera valve nshya. Ariko si uburyo bumwe bujyanye na byose. Niba ufite ikibazo ku bijyanye no kubaga balune, ntutindiganye kubaza muganga wawe.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Uburyo bworoshye bwo gupima umutima hakoreshejwe icyuma gifunga umutima (valvuloplasty) ni uburyo bworoshye kandi budakoresha ikoranabuhanga rikoreshwa mu kwagura umugozi w'umutima ufunganye hakoreshejwe umupira.
- Ibi ntabwo ari ugushyiraho valve nshya, ahubwo ni ugusana valve isanzwe.
- Ibyiza by'ingenzi ni gukira vuba, ububabare buke, kandi inkovu nkeya kurusha kubagwa umutima.
- Niba ugize ibimenyetso nko kubabara mu gatuza, umuriro, cyangwa kubyimba cyane nyuma yo kuvurwa, bimenyeshe muganga wawe ako kanya.
- Vugana na muganga w’indwara z’umutima weruye niba ubu buryo bw’ubuvuzi bukubereye n’inyungu n’ingaruka zabwo.
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