Ubwo wajyaga kwa muganga, ese muganga yakubwiye ko urugero rwa cholesterol yawe ruri hejuru gato kandi ko ugomba gutangira gufata imiti yo kuyivura? Cyangwa wabonye nyoko, papa wawe, cyangwa inshuti yawe bafata imiti ya cholesterol? Iyo wumvise ijambo "umuti wa cholesterol," bamwe bumva bafite ubwoba kandi bafite ubwoba. "Ese ngomba kuyifata ubuzima bwanjye bwose?", "Ese ibi bizangiza umubiri wanjye?", "Bizagenda bite nindeka gufata uyu muti?", nibindi, biza mu mutwe. None rero uyu munsi, reka dusobanure ibi byose.
Kolesteroli ni iki mu by'ukuri?
Muri make, cholesterol ni ubwoko bw'ibinure umubiri wacu ukeneye. Ni ingenzi ku bintu byinshi mu mibiri yacu, kuva ku kubaka uturemangingo kugeza ku gukora imisemburo. Ariko kimwe n'ibindi byose, ibibazo bitangira iyo birengeje urugero.
Iyo tuvuze kuri cholesterol, dukunze kumva ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi:
- Kolesteroli mbi (LDL - Lipoporoteyine ntoya): Iki ni cyo kibazo. Iyo yiyongera, yishyira ku nkuta z'imitsi yacu y'amaraso, ikayigabanya buhoro buhoro. Ni nk'ingese ziyongera mu muyoboro w'amazi ushaje. Iyi ndwara tuyita `(Atherosclerosis)`.
- Cholesterol nziza (HDL - High-Density Lipoprotein): Iyi ni inshuti yacu. Ikuraho cholesterol mbi yikusanyije mu mitsi y'amaraso ikayijyana mu mwijima kugira ngo irandurwe. Ni nk'aho imyanda ikurwamo.
Iyo cholesterol mbi (LDL) yiyongera kandi imiyoboro y'amaraso ikagira imitobe, bibuza amaraso gutembera mu mutima no mu bwonko. Ibi byongera cyane ibyago byo kurwara indwara zikomeye nko gutera k'umutima no gucika kw'imitsi . Imiti ya cholesterol itangwa kugira ngo igabanye izo ngaruka.
Ese ngomba gutangira gufata imiti? Cyangwa se nshobora kugenzura indyo yanjye gusa?
Iki ni ikibazo abantu benshi bibaza. Niba cholesterol yawe iri hejuru gato, kandi udafite izindi mpamvu zishobora gutera (nka diyabete cyangwa umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso), muganga wawe azabanza kukugira inama yo guhindura imibereho yawe . Ibyo bivuze:
- Kugabanya ibiryo birimo amavuta menshi, isukari n'ifu.
- Kurya imbuto nyinshi, imboga n'ibiryo bifite fibre.
- Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe .
- Niba unywa itabi, rireke burundu.
Ariko, hari aho guhindura imibereho gusa bidahagije.
- Niba urugero rwa cholesterol yawe ruri hejuru cyane.
- Niba usanzwe ufite indwara nka diyabete cyangwa umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso.
- Niba warigeze kugira indwara y'umutima cyangwa indwara yo gucika kw'imitsi.
- Niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe wigeze kugira indwara y'umutima akiri muto.
Mu bihe nk'ibi, muganga afata icyemezo cyo kugutangira imiti kugira ngo akurinde izo ndwara zikomeye.
Ni iyihe miti y'ingenzi ivura cholesterol?
Hari ubwoko bwinshi bw'imiti ikoreshwa mu kugabanya cholesterol. Muganga wawe azaguhitiramo umuti ukubereye bitewe n'imiterere yawe, urugero rwa cholesterol, n'izindi ndwara. Reka turebe ubwoko bw'ingenzi.
| Ubwoko bw'umuti | Uko bikora | Ingero (zikunze kugaragara muri Sri Lanka) |
|---|---|---|
| Statine | Iyi ni yo miti ikoreshwa cyane kandi ifite akamaro kanini. Igabanya umuvuduko wa cholesterol mu mwijima. | Atorvastatin (Lipitor), Rosuvastatin (Crestor), Simvastatin (Zocor) |
| Ezetimibe | Bigabanya kwinjiza cholesterol mu biribwa turya. Akenshi bitangwa hamwe na statine. | Ezetimibe (Zetia) |
| Fibrate | Ibi ahanini bifasha kugabanya ubundi bwoko bw'ibinure bwitwa triglycerides. | Fenofibrate, Gemfibrozil (Lopid) |
| Ibikoresho bibuza PCSK9 | Iyi ni imiti mishya, ikomeye cyane, iterwa inshinge. Ihabwa abantu bafite ibyago byinshi kandi badashobora kugenzurwa na statines. | Alirocumab (Praluent), Evolocumab (Repatha) |
Ese hari ingaruka mbi kuri uyu muti?
Kimwe n'indi miti yose, iyi ishobora gutera ingaruka mbi nto. Ariko ntugahangayike, abantu benshi ntabwo bahura na zo. Izikunze kugaragara ni izi:
- Ububabare mu mitsi no mu ngingo.
- Umutwe.
- Kubabara mu nda (nk'ibyimba, kubyimba mu nda).
Ibi bikunze kugenda mu minsi mike.
Icy'ingenzi cyane: Hari abantu bashobora, gake cyane, kugira imvune ikomeye mu mitsi yitwa "Rhabdomyolysis". Niba utangiye gufata uyu muti ukababara imitsi cyane, ugacika intege nke, ndetse ukabona inkari zijimye (nka cola) nyuma yo kuwufata, hagarika kuwufata ako kanya maze uganire na muganga wawe. Cyangwa ujye mu bitaro bikuru byihutirwa (ETU) by'ibitaro bikwegereye. Nubwo ibi ari ibintu bidakunze kubaho, ni ngombwa kubimenya.
Muganga wawe azaba akurikirana imisemburo y'umwijima wawe n'ibipimo by'amaraso yawe mbere na nyuma yuko utangira gufata uyu muti. Rero, igihe cyose ukurikije amabwiriza ya muganga wawe, nta kintu na kimwe ugomba guhangayikishwa nacyo.
Ese imibereho ni ingenzi mu gihe ufata imiti?
Yego rwose! Abantu benshi batekereza ko iyo bamaze gufata ikinini, ikibazo kiba gikemutse kandi bashobora kurya no kunywa icyo bashaka cyose. Iryo ni ikosa rikomeye. Imiti ya cholesterol ni inkunga y'inyongera ku buzima bwawe bwiza.
Wibuke ko imiti ya cholesterol ari nk'ingabo irinda umutima wawe n'ubwonko bwawe. Iyo ngabo izakomera gusa iyo ubayeho ubuzima bwiza.
Mu gihe ufata umuti, ugomba gukomeza indyo nziza n'imyitozo ngororamubiri twavuze mbere. Ibi bizafasha umuti gukora neza. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, niba urugero rwa cholesterol yawe rugenzuwe neza, muganga wawe ashobora kugabanya urugero rw'umuti.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Imiti ya cholesterol itangwa kugira ngo ikurinde indwara zikomeye nk'indwara z'umutima na stroke, bityo ntuyifate nk'umutwaro.
- Buri gihe fata umuti wanditswe na muganga wawe, ku gipimo gikwiye, mu gihe gikwiye. Ntugahagarike gufata umuti wawe igihe icyo ari cyo cyose.
- Niba ugize ikibazo kidasanzwe giturutse ku miti, cyane cyane ububabare bukomeye bw'imitsi, bwira muganga wawe ako kanya.
- Ntabwo bihagije gufata imiti gusa. Indyo nziza n'imyitozo ngororamubiri ni ibintu bibiri ugomba gushyira mu buzima bwawe.
- Nk’uko muganga abivuga, ni ingenzi cyane kujya kwa muganga ku gihe no gupimwa amaraso akenewe.
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Ishyirireho intego ya calorie hanyuma ubare itariki yo kugabanya ibiro.