Iyo ugiye kwa muganga, ushobora kuba warumvise bavuga bati "Reka dupime amaraso," si byo? Akenshi, bavuga ku isuzuma ry'amaraso yuzuye, cyangwa ikizamini cya CBC twese tuzi. Iki ni ikizamini gisanzwe cyane. Ariko iyo ubonye raporo, ni ibisanzwe kumva ufite ubwoba no guhangayika iyo ubonye inyuguti n'imibare kuri yo. None rero uyu munsi, reka tuganire ku biri muri iyi raporo ya CBC n'icyo ivuga mu buryo bworoshye cyane, mu buryo ushobora gusobanukirwa.
Iki kizamini cya CBC ni iki?
Mu magambo make, CBC ni ikizamini kibara ubwoko bw'ingenzi bw'uturemangingo mu maraso yawe. Amaraso yacu si amazi atukura gusa. Arimo ubwoko bwinshi bw'uturemangingo bukenewe ku mibiri yacu. CBC ireba cyane cyane ubwo bwoko butatu bw'uturemangingo: uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso , uturemangingo twera tw'amaraso , na plaquettes .
Noneho, reka turebe igihe umuganga yategeka iki kizamini cya CBC:
- Mu rwego rwo kwisuzumisha ubuzima buri gihe: Nubwo waba udafite indwara, ibi bishobora gukorwa kugira ngo byose bigende neza.
- Shaka impamvu y'ibimenyetso: Ibi bizagufasha kubona impamvu y'ibintu nko kumva unaniwe, umunaniro, umuriro, ndetse no gukomereka rimwe na rimwe .
- Suzuma niba ufite amaraso make: Uburyo bwiza bwo kumenya neza niba ufite amaraso make, bukunze kugaragara ku bantu benshi muri Sri Lanka, ni ugupima indwara ya kanseri yo mu maraso.
- Kugenzura indwara yari isanzweho: Niba ufite indwara ifitanye isano n'amaraso, iki kizamini gikorwa buri gihe kugira ngo gikurikirane uko imeze.
- Genzura ingaruka z'imiti: Ibi ni ingenzi kugira ngo umenye niba imwe mu miti ufata, cyane cyane iyo ukoresha mu kuvura kanseri (chimiotherapie), igira ingaruka ku turemangingo tw'amaraso yawe.
Iki kizamini ugikora ute?
Ibi biroroshye cyane kandi bishobora kurangira mu minota mike. Ntabwo ari ngombwa gukora cyane.
Niba urimo gupimwa CBC gusa, ushobora kurya no kunywa bisanzwe. Ariko, niba urimo gukora ikindi kizamini, nko gupimwa isukari mu maraso wiyiriza ubusa, muganga wawe azakubwira kutarya cyangwa ngo unywe mu gihe cy'amasaha make. Iyo ugiye muri laboratoire, umuforomo cyangwa umuhanga mu bya laboratoire azafata icyitegererezo gito cy'amaraso mu mitsi iri mu kuboko kwawe akoresheje seringe nto. Bifata iminota mike gusa kandi bikumva nk'aho urimo gukurumwa n'inyenzi nto. Nyuma y'ibyo, ushobora gutaha bisanzwe. Icyitegererezo cy'amaraso gipimwa muri laboratoire hakoreshejwe imashini kandi raporo irategurwa.
Icyo raporo ya CBC ivuga n'agaciro mpuzandengo
Noneho reka turebe ibice by'ingenzi by'iyi raporo n'icyo bisobanura. Nabishyize mu mbonerahamwe iri hepfo kugira ngo ubyumve byoroshye. Wibuke ko izi 'ndangagaciro zisanzwe' zishobora gutandukana gato bitewe na laboratwari, bitewe n'imyaka n'igitsina.
| Ni iki kirimo kugeragezwa (ikimenyetso) | Ibisobanuro byoroshye | Urutonde rw'ibipimo |
|---|---|---|
| Uturemangingo tw'amaraso tw'umweru (WBCs) | Ni nk'umupolisi w'umubiri. Iturinda indwara irwanya mikorobe. Inyinshi muri zo zishobora gutera kwandura. Ike cyane ishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara. | Uturemangingo 4,500 - 11,000 kuri mikorolitero imwe |
| Uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura (RBCs) | Bafata ogisijeni mu bihaha bakayikwirakwiza mu mubiri wose. Iyo ibyo bibuze, havuka ikibazo cyitwa "anemia". | Abagabo: miliyoni 4.5 - 5.9/mcL Abagore: miliyoni 4.1 - 5.1/mcL |
| Hemoglobini (Hb cyangwa Hgb) | Iyi ni poroteyine ifata ogisijeni mu turemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso. Iki ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi gipima indwara yo kubura amaraso. | Abagabo: 14 - 17.5 gm/dL Abagore: 12.3 - 15.3 gm/dL |
| Hematocrit (Hct) | Ikubwira ijanisha ry'amaraso yawe rigizwe n'uturemangingo dutukura. Iyo ari make, ushobora kuba ufite icyuma gito. Iyo ari menshi, ushobora kuba warabuze amazi mu mubiri. | Abagabo: 41.5% - 50.4% Abagore:35.9% - 44.6% |
| MCV (Ingano y'umuvuduko wa korupusi) | Ingano mpuzandengo y'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso. Iyo ari tunini cyane, bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'uko umuntu afite vitamine B12 cyangwa adafite folate. Iyo ari tunini cyane, bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'uko umuntu afite amaraso make, urugero nko kubura icyuma gitukura. | 80 - 96 |
| Amateraleti | Izi selile zifasha guhagarika kuva amaraso no kugabanya amaraso iyo habayeho imvune. | 150.000 - 450.000/mcL |
Icy'ingenzi cyane: Ntugacire urubanza ku ndwara yawe ukurikije agaciro kari muri iyi mbonerahamwe. Muganga wawe ni we wenyine ushobora gusesengura neza iyi raporo akayihuza n'ibindi bimenyetso byawe n'uburwayi bwawe kugira ngo agere ku mwanzuro nyawo. Iyi nkuru iguha gusa ubumenyi bw'ibanze kuri ibi.
Ni iki kindi gishobora kuba kiri muri raporo ya CBC?
Hari igihe, niba umuganga ashaka gusuzuma byimbitse ikibazo cyawe, azibanda ku bindi bisobanuro bike biri muri raporo ya CBC. Nubwo amazina yabo agoye kuyavuga, icyo asobanura ni cyo cyoroshye cyane.
- MCH (Hemoglobini y'amaraso isanzwe): Ibi bivuga ingano mpuzandengo ya hemoglobine iri mu karemangingo kamwe gatukura k'amaraso.
- MCHC (Ubunini bwa Hemoglobini y'amaraso): Ipima ingano ya hemoglobin mu maraso runaka.
- RDW (Ubugari bw'ikwirakwizwa ry'uturemangingo dutukura): Igaragaza uburyo ingano z'uturemangingo dutukura zawe zitandukanye. Si uturemangingo twose dufite ingano imwe.
- Umubare wa reticulocytes: Ipima umubare w'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso tudakuze, cyangwa dushya, mu mubiri.
- MPV (Ubunini bw'ibice by'amaraso): Ingano mpuzandengo y'ibice by'amaraso byawe.
- PDW (Ubugari bw'ikwirakwizwa rya platelet): Igaragaza uburyo ingano za platelet zitandukanye.
- Itandukaniro ry'uturemangingo tw'amaraso: Hari ubwoko 5 bw'uturemangingo tw'amaraso (neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils). Iki kizamini kigaragaza umubare w'ubwoko bwose buriho ukwabwo. Ibi bishobora gutanga igitekerezo gisobanutse neza cy'ibintu nk'ubwandu cyangwa allergies.
Ni mu kubihuza byose hamwe, umuganga asobanukirwa ubuzima bwawe muri rusange. Ntugahangayike niba agaciro kamwe muri raporo kari hejuru cyangwa kari hasi. Bishobora kuba ari ibintu by'igihe gito.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- CBC ni ikizamini cy'ingenzi cyane, cy'ibanze gitanga amakuru yerekeye uturemangingo mu maraso yawe.
- Ibi bishobora gutanga ibimenyetso ku bijyanye no kubura amaraso, kwandura indwara, n'izindi ndwara nyinshi.
- Ntugahangayike niba raporo yawe igaragaza agaciro kari hanze y' 'urwego rusanzwe'. Hari impamvu nyinshi zishobora gutuma ibi bibaho.
- Igikuru ni ukwereka muganga wawe raporo yawe ya CBC hanyuma ukamusaba ibisobanuro. Ntukayishakire kuri interineti gusa cyangwa ngo ugerageze kwisuzuma ubwawe.
- Niba utumva icyo muganga wawe asobanura, ntutinye kongera kubaza ibibazo. Ni uburenganzira bwawe kumenyeshwa iby'ubuzima bwawe.
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