Ese hari igihe wumva isi idasobanutse neza? Ese wumva kureba kwawe kugenda kugabanuka buhoro buhoro hamwe n'ububabare no kuribwa mu maso? Ni ibisanzwe kumva ufite ubwoba bwinshi iyo uhuye n'ikintu nk'iki. Akenshi, impamvu yabyo ishobora kuba kwangirika kw'imboni yawe. Ariko ntugahangayike, kubera siyansi igezweho y'ubuvuzi muri iki gihe, hari ibisubizo byiza cyane kuri ibi. Uyu munsi, turaganira kuri kimwe muri ibyo bisubizo, ari cyo kubaga imboni.
Mu magambo make, guterwa cornea ni iki?
Gutera cornea ni uburyo bwo kubaga bukuraho cornea yangiritse y'ijisho ryawe hanyuma bugasimbuza cornea nzima. Ibi byitwa kandi `Corneal grafting` cyangwa `Keratoplasty`.
Tekereza nka kamera. Imboni ni lenzi ya kamera. Ni ururenda rubonerana ruri imbere y'ijisho. Kugira ngo tubone isi neza, urumuri rugomba kunyura muri mboni. Iyo mboni yangiritse mu buryo ubwo aribwo bwose, nko gukubitwa, kwandura, cyangwa indi ndwara, kureba kwacu kuzaba kudafite ishingiro.
Gutera cornea bisaba gukuraho iyi "lens" yangiritse ugasimbuza cornea nzima yatanzwe n'umuntu wapfuye. Ubu ni uburyo bwo kubaga bwahinduye ubuzima bwasubije abantu benshi kureba neza.
Ni mu bihe ibihe hakenewe guterwa cornea?
Hari ibihe byinshi muganga wawe w'amaso ashobora gusaba ko ubagwa. Iby'ingenzi ni ibi bikurikira:
- Fuchs' dystrophy: Iyi ni indwara iterwa n'uturemangingo. Muri iyi ndwara, uturemangingo two mu gice cy'imbere cya cornea turangirika buhoro buhoro, bigatuma cornea ibyimba kandi ikagira ikibazo cyo kutabona neza.
- Keratoconus: Iyi ni indwara aho cornea ihindura imiterere yayo ikabyimba imbere ikamera nk'iy'inyuma. Ibi bituma kureba nabi.
- Ibisebe byo mu jisho: Ubwandu, cyane cyane ubwandu bwa bagiteri cyangwa virusi, bushobora gutera ibisebe ku jisho bigasiga inkovu.
- Impanuka: Gukubitwa mu jisho, guterwa icyuma n'ikintu gityaye, cyangwa gusukaho imiti bishobora kwangiza cyane cornea.
- Kwangirika guterwa no kubagwa amaso mbere: Hari igihe, cornea ishobora kwangirika nk'ingaruka mbi z'ubundi bubagwa bw'amaso.
- Bullous keratopathy: Indwara ituma ku mboni havuka ibintu bimeze nk'ibisebe.
Muri iki gihe, niba ugize ibimenyetso nko kutabona neza, kubabara amaso, no kudashobora kureba urumuri, ni ngombwa cyane kujya kwa muganga wawe vuba kugira ngo akugire inama.
Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ingenzi bwo gutera cornea?
Bitewe n'urwego rw'inyuma rw'ijisho rwangiritse, muganga wawe azagena ubwoko bw'ubuvuzi bukubereye. Hari ubwoko butatu bw'ingenzi bwo kubaga.
| Ubwoko bw'ukubaga | Bisobanuwe mu buryo bworoshye |
|---|---|
| Gutera cornea yose (Kreatoplasty igera mu mubiri) | Ubu ni bwo buryo gakondo. Aha ngaha, ubunini bwose bw'imboni yangiritse, ni ukuvuga urwego rwo hanze, rwo hagati n'urw'imbere, buracibwa mu buryo bw'uruziga hanyuma bukavanwaho, hanyuma imboni nzima ifite ingano imwe iraterwa hanyuma igasukwa. |
| Imbere y'Ibumoso Ifite Imbere Keratoplasty (DALK) | Niba kwangirika kw'ijisho ryawe ry'imbere ari mu bice byo hanze n'ibyo hagati gusa, kandi igice cyo imbere (endothelium) kikaba kimeze neza, ubu buryo bwo kubaga burakorwa. Ibi bikubiyemo gukuraho ibice bibiri byangiritse gusa no kubisimbuza ingingo nzima. |
| Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK/DSAEK) | Iyo ibyangiritse biri mu gice cyo hagati cy’ijisho (urugero: Fuchs' dystrophy), ubu buryo burakoreshwa. Aha, igice cyo imbere cyangiritse ni cyo gikurwaho hanyuma agace gato cyane gafite ubuzima bwiza gaterwa mu mwanya wako. Hari uduti duke cyane. Hashyirwamo agahu k’umwuka mu jisho kugira ngo agace katewemo gafate umwanya wako. |
Ikintu kidasanzwe ku bijyanye no kubaga Endothelial Keratoplasty
Niba ugiye kubagwa nka `DMEK` cyangwa `DSAEK`, uzahabwa amabwiriza yihariye mu minsi mike ya mbere. Ni ukuvuga kuryama ureba hejuru usinziriye kandi uruhuka. Iyo ubikoze, umwuka w'ijisho washyizwemo ufasha kugumana cornea nshya yatewe mu mwanya wayo no kuyigumana mu mwanya wayo. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo kubagwa kugende neza.
Ibintu tugomba kumenya mbere na nyuma yo kubagwa
Kwitegura mbere yo kubagwa
Muganga wawe n'inzobere mu by'ikinya bazasuzuma amateka y'ubuzima bwawe kandi basubize ibibazo byose ushobora kuba ufite ku bijyanye no kubagwa.
- Bwira muganga wawe imiti iyo ari yo yose ufata. Hari imiti ishobora kugusaba guhagarika kuyifata mbere yo kubagwa.
- Bazakugira inama ku gihe cyo kureka kurya no kunywa mbere yo kubagwa.
- Kubera ko utazashobora gutwara imodoka nyuma yo kubagwa, teganya mbere y'igihe ko hari umuntu uzagutwara mu rugo.
Ibintu byo kwitaho nyuma yo kubagwa
Kubagwa akenshi bifata igihe kitarenze amasaha abiri, nyuma yaho ushobora gutaha.
- Ubwirinzi bw'amaso: Ijisho rishobora kuba ritukura, ribabara gato, kandi rikagira ububabare mu minsi mike ya mbere. Koresha agace k'amaso nk'uko muganga yabigutegetse. Ntukigere usiga cyangwa ngo ukandagire ku jisho ryawe.
- Imiti: Ibitonyanga by'amaso bitangwa kugira ngo birinde kwandura, bigabanye kubyimba, kandi bikarinda umubiri kwanga cornea yatewe. Iyi miti ishobora gukenerwa gukoreshwa mu gihe cy'umwaka umwe cyangwa irenga.
- Ibikorwa: Ushobora gukenera guhagarika by'agateganyo ibikorwa bishobora gushyira amaso yawe mu kaga, nko guterura ibintu biremereye no kwiruka cyangwa gusimbuka. Muganga wawe azakugira inama kuri ibi.
- Isuzuma ry'abaganga: Muganga azateganya gahunda yo gukurikirana abaganga mu masaha 24-48 nyuma yo kubagwa. Menya neza ko witabiriye amavuriro ku matariki yagenwe.
Ni izihe nyungu n'ingorane zishobora guterwa n'uku kubagwa?
Inyungu nyamukuru ni uko ushobora kongera kubona isi neza, mbere yari itagaragara neza. Ibyishimo bizanwa nayo ni ntagereranywa. Ubusanzwe ubu ni ukubagwa gutekanye cyane.
Ariko, nk'uko bigenda mu kubagwa kose, ingorane zishobora kubaho.
Ingaruka nyamukuru ni ukwangwa kw'ingingo/cornea. Ibi bivuze ko ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wacu bumenya ko cornea nshya ari 'iy'abanyamahanga' kandi bukayirwanya. Intego yo gukomeza gukoresha ibinini by'amaso ni ukugabanya iyi ngaruka.
Izindi ngorane:
- Indwara z'amaso.
- Kuva amaraso.
- Ubwiyongere bw'umuvuduko mu jisho (Glaucoma).
- Retina idafatanye.
- Astigmatisme iterwa n'imiterere idahwitse y'imboni yatewe.
Niba ufite ibi bimenyetso, hita ubonana na muganga!
Ni ngombwa cyane kwita ku jisho ryawe neza nyuma yo kubagwa. Niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso bikurikira byerekana ko wanze , hamagara muganga wawe vuba.
- Ububabare bw'amaso (Ububabare)
- Ijisho ritukura
- Uburyo bwo kuvura urumuri
- Iyerekwa ry'Ikibatsi
Iyo ibi bimenyetso bigaragaye kandi bigavurwa hakiri kare, kwangwa akenshi bishobora kugenzurwa.
Bifata igihe kingana iki kugira ngo umuntu akire?
Ibi bizatandukana bitewe n'ubwoko bw'ikibagwa wakorewe.
- Iyo habayeho gutera cornea burundu (Penetrating Keratoplasty) , bishobora gufata amezi agera kuri 12 kugira ngo wongere kubona neza.
- Niba warabazwe Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK / DSAEK) , ushobora kubona neza mu mezi atatu gusa.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Gutera cornea ni ukubaga gusimbuza cornea yangiritse n'iy'umuntu muzima, kandi bitanga umusaruro mwiza cyane.
- Bitewe n'uburwayi bwawe, umuganga wawe azagena ubwoko bw'ubuvuzi (bwuzuye, igice, cyangwa urwego rw'imbere gusa) bukubereye.
- Kurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe witonze nyuma yo kubagwa, cyane cyane ibijyanye no gukoresha ibitonyanga by'amaso no kurinda amaso.
- Witondere ibimenyetso by'uko wanze, nko kubabara, gutukura, kumva urumuri, cyangwa kutabona neza. Ibi nibibaho, shaka ubufasha kwa muganga vuba.
- Bifata igihe kugira ngo ukire neza, bityo komeza kwihangana kandi ugire icyizere. Komeza kuvugana na muganga wawe buri gihe kandi muganire ku mpungenge zawe.
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