Ese umutima wawe ufite intege nke kandi wagutse? Reka tuvuge kuri Dilated Cardiomyopathy!

Umutima wacu ni urugingo rutangaje koko, si byo se? Ni gute twita kuri uyu mutima uhora uha umubiri wacu wose ubuzima? Hari igihe, tutabizi, uyu mutima ushobora no kugira ibibazo n'indwara zitandukanye. Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku ndwara igabanya intege nke z'umutima igatuma imitsi y'umutima yaguka bitari ngombwa, indwara ifite izina riteye ubwoba, ariko ikaba ari ingenzi cyane kuri twese. Ibi ni byo abaganga bita (Dilated Cardiomyopathy).

Dilated Cardiomyopathy ni iki?

Mu magambo make, iyi ndwara (Dilated Cardiomyopathy) ni igihe icyumba cy’umutima wawe gitanga umwuka, ventricle y’ibumoso , cyangwa imitsi y’umutima, irakura ikarushaho kuba nini kurusha uko bisanzwe. Tekereza nk’umukandara wo kurambura, ariko muri iki gihe, ntabwo ari byiza ku mutima. Iyo imitsi y’umutima icitse intege, ikagabanuka, kandi ikaguka, ubushobozi bw’umutima bwo kuvoma amaraso neza buragabanuka. Bigenda bite rero? Igihe cyose umutima utera, amaraso make asigara mu mutima. Ingaruka ni uko igice gisigaye cy’umubiri kitabona amaraso ahagije afite umwuka wa ogisijeni. Mu bihe bikomeye, ibi bishobora no kugira ingaruka ku bindi bice by’umutima.

Abashakashatsi bavuga ko abantu bagera kuri 36 mu 100.000 muri rusange barwaye iyi ndwara. Ariko inkuru nziza ni uko hari uburyo bwo kuvura iyi ndwara y'umutima. Hari n'ibyo ushobora gukora kugira ngo ucunge iyo ndwara.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'iyi ndwara?

Abantu benshi, cyane cyane mu ntangiriro z'iyi ndwara, bashobora kutagaragaza ibimenyetso. Icyo ni cyo gice giteye ubwoba cy'iyi ndwara. Ariko uko imikorere y'umutima igenda irushaho kuba mibi, utangira kumva ibimenyetso byinshi.

Ibimenyetso bya Dilated Cardiomyopathy bishobora kuba birimo:

• Kubabara mu gituza cyangwa gufungana
• Inkorora n'ibibyimba
• Kuzungera cyangwa kugira umutwe ukeye
• Kuzinduka
• Kumva unaniwe bidasanzwe ( Umunaniro )
• Gutera cyane cyangwa gukubita mu gituza
• Guhumeka nabi / kubura umwuka
• Kubyimba/kubyimba mu nda, amaguru, uturenge n'ibirenge
• Kwiyongera ibiro mu buryo butunguranye bitewe no kubika amazi mu mubiri

Niba ufite kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bimenyetso, ni ngombwa cyane gushaka inama kwa muganga byihutirwa.

Kuki ibi (Dilated Cardiomyopathy) bibaho?

Ushobora kwibaza uti "Kuki ibi byambayeho?" Mu by'ukuri, mu bihe byinshi, ndetse n'impuguke ntizishobora kugaragaza impamvu nyayo. Ariko, hari impamvu zimwe na zimwe zizwi. Izo ni:

• Umutima utari umeze neza (ibibazo by'imitsi) ( Arrhythmia )
• Indwara yo kunywa inzoga
• Imiti imwe n'imwe irwanya kanseri (iyi ishobora kwangiza umutima - imiti ihumanya umutima )
• Ingorane zibaho mu gihe cyo gutwita cyangwa nyuma yo kubyara
• Indwara y'umutima yavukanye
• Indwara y'imitsi itera umutima
• Diyabete
• Indwara zikomoka ku babyeyi binyuze mu ngirabuzimafatizo (ibi byitwa familial dilated cardiomyopathy ). Ibi bishobora kuba bigira uruhare rurenga 50% by'abanduye)
• Indwara y'umutima
• Indwara y'imitsi y'umutima
• Umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso
• ubwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA
• Indwara nk'iziterwa no kubyimba imitsi y'umutima (urugero, myocarditis )
• Gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge nka kokayine
• Indwara ya tiroyide
• Hepatite iterwa na virusi

Hari igihe umuntu ashobora kugira impamvu zirenze imwe. Urugero, ushobora kurwara indwara ya Dilated Cardiomyopathy bitewe n'indi ndwara, mu gihe ushobora kuba ufite imiterere y'uturemangingo.

Ni nde uri mu kaga gakomeye ko kurwara iyi ndwara?

Hari abantu bafite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara iyi ndwara kurusha abandi. Abo ni:

• Abantu bari munsi y'imyaka 50
• Abantu bafite inkomoko y'abirabura (nubwo ibi bitareba cyane Sri Lanka, ni ikintu kigaragara ku isi yose)
• Abagabo
• Niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango ufite Dilated Cardiomyopathy (ingaruka za genetiki)

Ni izihe ngorane zishobora guterwa n'indwara ya Dilated Cardiomyopathy?

Iyo iyi ndwara ikomeje, ni ukuvuga mu byiciro bya nyuma, hashobora kubaho ingorane zitandukanye. Izi ni zikomeye cyane, niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa gushaka ubuvuzi vuba.

Izi ngorane zishobora kuba zirimo:

• Umutima utari umeze neza ( Arrhythmia )
• Kubabara mu gatuza ( Angina )
• Amaraso apfundika mu mutima (aya maraso ashobora kugera mu bihaha agatera indwara ikomeye yitwa pulmonary embolism )
• Guhagarara k'umutima
• Indwara y'umutima
• Umutima unanirwa - Ibi bivuze ko umutima ufite intege nke ku buryo udashobora guhaza ibyo umubiri ukeneye.
• Indwara y'imitsi y'umutima
• Igisebe cy'imitsi

Tekereza ku buryo izi ngorane zikomeye. Niyo mpamvu ugomba guhangayika niba ubonye ikimenyetso na gito cyane.

Ni gute abaganga basuzuma iyi ndwara (Dilated Cardiomyopathy)?

Iyo ugiye kwa muganga, ikintu cya mbere akora ni ugufata amateka y'ubuzima bwawe.Muganga wawe azabaza amateka yawe y'uburwayi (nk'indwara cyangwa imiti wabanje gufata) n'amateka y'umuryango wawe (nk'indwara umuryango wawe wagize). Hanyuma, bazakora isuzuma ry'umubiri . Muri icyo gihe, muganga azatega amatwi ibihaha byawe kugira ngo arebe niba amazi yiyongera. Igitangaje ni uko muganga ashobora kumva ijwi ridasanzwe mu mutima wawe (umutima uvuza umuborogo) mbere yuko ugira ibimenyetso.

Nyuma y'ibyo, uzakenera gukorerwa ibizamini bitandukanye kugira ngo umenye ubukana nyabwo bw'indwara no gutegura uburyo bwo kuyivura bukubereye.

Ni ibihe bizamini bikorwa kuri ibi?

Ubusanzwe, ibizamini nk'ibi bishobora gukorwa:

• Angiogramu: Iyi niyo igenzura niba hari uruziga mu mitsi y'umutima itanga amaraso mu mutima wawe.
• Ibipimo by'amaraso: Ibi bipima ko umutima wangiritse n'ibindi bibazo.
• X-ray yo mu gituza: Ibi bishobora gutanga igitekerezo gifatika cy'uko umutima wawe ari munini kuruta uko bisanzwe.
• Echocardiogram: Iki ni ikizamini cy'ingenzi cyane. Ni nk'ishusho y'umutima. Ishobora kwerekana uburyo umutima ukora, uko imitsi ikora, n'uko imitsi ikora.
• Electrocardiogram (EKG/ECG): Ibi bigenzura imikorere y'amashanyarazi y'umutima, bivuze niba hari ibibazo ku muvuduko w'umutima.
• Ikizamini cy'imihangayiko mu myitozo ngororamubiri: Iki kizasuzuma uko umutima wawe witwara iyo ukora imyitozo ngororamubiri.
• Gupima imiterere y'uturemangingo: Iki kizamini gifasha kumenya niba ufite imiterere y'uturemangingo itera iyi ndwara.
• MRI y'umutima: Ibi bishobora kandi gutanga ishusho isobanutse y'ingano n'imikorere y'ibyumba by'umutima.
• Isuzuma ry’imitsi y’umutima: Ibi ntibikorwa kenshi. Bisaba gufata urugero ruto rw’imitsi y’umutima no kuyisuzuma.

Indwara ya Dilated Cardiomyopathy ivurwa ite?

Ushobora gukenera ubwoko butandukanye bw'ubuvuzi. Nubwo ubu buryo akenshi budashobora gukiza indwara burundu, bushobora kugufasha kugenzura ibimenyetso no kugufasha kubaho igihe kirekire kandi ufite ubuzima bwiza. Uko ubuvuzi butangira vuba, ni ko umusaruro uba mwiza. Inzobere mu ndwara z'umutima cyangwa inzobere mu by'umutima zizaganira nawe maze zigufashe icyemezo cy'uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura.

Uburyo bwo kuvura bushobora kugabanywamo ibice bitatu by'ingenzi: imiti, impinduka mu mibereho, no kubaga cyangwa ubundi buryo bwo kuvura.

Imiti

Hari ubwoko butandukanye bw'imiti ishobora kunoza imikorere y'umutima wawe mu gihe ufite indwara ya Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Ingero zimwe ni izi:

• Ibinini bya ACE
• Antagonist ya Aldosterone
• Indwara ya Angiotensin receptor/neprilysin inhibitors (ARNI)
• Imiti igabanya ubukana bw'umutima ( Antiarrhythmics )
• Beta-blockers
• Imiti igabanya amaraso/imiti igabanya amaraso - cyane cyane ku bantu bafite indwara nka atrial fibrillation
• Imiti igabanya amazi atari ngombwa mu mubiri ( Diuretics )

Ni ingenzi cyane gufata iyi miti yose nk'uko muganga wawe yabigutegetse, mu gipimo gikwiye, kandi mu gihe gikwiye.

Impinduka mu ngeso za buri munsi

Uhinduye gato ku mikorere yawe ya buri munsi, imirire, n'ibindi bintu, ushobora gutuma imiti yawe ikora neza, ndetse wenda no gutinza cyangwa kwirinda burundu kubagwa.

Izi mpinduka ni izi:

• Rinda umubiri wawe: Gabanyiriza inzoga unywa. Irinde ibiyobyabwenge bitemewe burundu. Irinde indwara nka virusi ya Epatite na Virusi itera SIDA.
• Kurya indyo yuzuye umutima: Kurya inyama nyinshi zitarimo ibinure byinshi (nk'inkoko n'amafi), imbuto n'imboga. Kurya indyo irimo umunyu mwinshi bishobora kugabanya amazi mu mubiri, bishobora gutera umuvuduko ku mutima.
• Ongera imyitozo ngororamubiri: Imyitozo ngororamubiri yoroshye idakomeretsa umutima cyane ishobora gufasha kunoza imikorere y'umutima. Vugana na muganga wawe ku myitozo ikubereye. Ushobora kandi gutekereza kwitabira gahunda yo kuvura umutima . Aha ni ahantu heza ho gutangirira imyitozo ngororamubiri mu mutekano.

Kubagwa no kubagwa bidakunze kugaragara

Iyo indwara igeze kure kandi imikorere y'umutima ikagabanuka cyane, ushobora gukenera kubagwa cyangwa ubundi buryo bwihariye bwo kuvura. Bumwe mu buryo bwo kuvura indwara ya Dilated Cardiomyopathy ni:

• Biventricular pacemaker: Iki ni igikoresho gifasha ibyumba by'umutima gukora neza mu buryo buhamye.
• Imashini itera umutima mu buryo butunguranye (ICD): Iyo umutima wawe utangiye gutera nabi, iki gikoresho gitanga amashanyarazi make kugira ngo gisubize umuvuduko w'umutima wawe.
• Kubagwa umutima cyangwa kubagwa imiyoboro y'amaraso: Ibi bituma umutima ukora neza.
• Igikoresho gifasha umutima gutera amaraso mu mitsi y'ibumoso (LVAD): Iki ni igikoresho gifasha mu kohereza amaraso mu mitsi y'umutima ifite intege nke cyane.
• Gutera umutima: Ubu ni uburyo budasanzwe cyane, butekerezwaho iyo ubundi buryo bwose bwo kuvura bwananiwe.

Ese iyi ndwara ishobora kwirindwa?

Mu by'ukuri, iyi ndwara ntishobora kwirindwa buri gihe. Ishobora kuba ari ikintu kigaragara mu muryango wawe (genetics). Cyangwa, ishobora kuba iterwa na chimiotherapie ku ndwara nka kanseri.Bishobora kandi kubaho nk'ingaruka mbi zo kuvurwa.

Ariko hari ibintu ushobora gukora kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago byo kurwara indwara ya Dilated Cardiomyopathy:

• Irinde ibiyobyabwenge nka kokayine burundu.
• Niba unywa inzoga, gabanya kugeza ku rugero ruto cyane.
• Niba ufite indwara nka diyabete cyangwa umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, zigenzure neza.
• Wite ku mutima wawe neza kugira ngo wirinde indwara y'umutima (indyo nziza, imyitozo ngororamubiri, no kwirinda kunywa itabi).

Ni iki wakwitega mu gihe ubana n'indwara yitwa Dilated Cardiomyopathy?

Uko indwara yawe ihagaze biterwa n'impamvu n'uburemere bw'indwara yawe. Iyo ugiye kwivuza buri gihe, ushobora gusubira ku kazi no gukomeza imirimo yawe ya buri munsi. Ariko, hari igihe ibimenyetso byawe bishobora kwiyongera uko igihe kigenda gihita. Iyo indwara yawe irushijeho gukomera cyangwa ibibazo bikakugora kuyihanganira. Ushobora gukenera kuguma mu bitaro kugeza igihe ibimenyetso byawe birushijeho kuba byiza.

Ku bantu benshi, indwara ya dilated cardiomyopathy ishobora kwiyongera uko igihe kigenda gihita bigatuma umutima unanirwa gukora neza. Ibi bivuze ko umutima ucika intege cyane ku buryo udashobora kwihanganira ibyo umubiri ukeneye. Impyiko zinanirwa gukora neza no kunanirwa k'umutima cyane ni ibimenyetso byerekana ko iyi ndwara itagenda neza. Abantu bafite ibimenyetso ndetse no mu gihe cyo kuruhuka, cyangwa badashobora gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri, akenshi bagira ingaruka mbi cyane.

Ariko ntugahangayike! Ubuzima n'icyizere cyo kubaho cy'abantu barwaye indwara ya Dilated Cardiomyopathy byazamutse cyane mu myaka ya vuba aha. Ibi biterwa n'uburyo bwo kuvura no kuvurwa hakiri kare. Muri iki gihe, abantu barenga 80% barwaye iyi ndwara babaho neza imyaka umunani, badakeneye guterwa umutima.

Nitwara nte?

Ikintu cy'ingenzi ushobora gukora mu gihe ubana n'iyi ndwara ni ukwiyitaho. Kurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe witonze.

• Itondere ibimenyetso by'ingorane, nko kwiyongera ibiro mu buryo butunguranye, buri munsi.
• Kora impinduka muganga wawe agusaba (urugero: kurya indyo irimo umunyu muke) neza neza.
• Reba muganga wawe kugira ngo agukurikirane inshuro nyinshi mu mwaka.
• Fata imiti wahawe na muganga neza kandi ku gihe.

Ni ryari ngomba kubonana na muganga wanjye?

Kubera ko indwara yawe ishobora guhinduka uko igihe kigenda gihita, ni byiza gukomeza kuvugana na muganga wawe no kwisuzumisha buri gihe. Iki ni ikintu ugomba gukora mu buzima bwawe bwose. Niba wumva ibimenyetso byawe birushaho kwiyongera, vugana na muganga wawe vuba. Ashobora kugufasha gucunga ibimenyetso byawe.

Ni ibihe bibazo ngomba kubaza muganga wanjye?

Iyo usanzwe urwaye indwara, ni ibisanzwe kugira ibibazo byinshi. Ntugatinye kubaza muganga wawe ibibazo nk'ibi:

• Ese ni byiza gupimisha imiterere y'umubiri w'umuryango wanjye?
• Ese nkwiye kwirinda akazi gakomeye?
• Ese hari itsinda ry'ubufasha nshobora kwinjiramo, haba muri Sri Lanka cyangwa kuri interineti?
• Ni iyihe ndyo ikwiriye kuri njye?
• Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'imyitozo ngororamubiri nkwiye gukora kandi nkwiye kuyikora igihe kingana iki?

Nta muntu ushaka kumenya ko umutima we udakora neza. Ariko, abaganga bo muri iki gihe bashobora gutanga uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura kugira ngo bafashe umutima wawe gukora neza mu ndwara nka Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Hari kandi impinduka zoroshye ushobora gukora kugira ngo urusheho kunoza uburwayi bwawe. Ntutinye kubaza ibibazo no gusobanukirwa amahitamo yawe. Ushobora gukorana na muganga wawe kugira ngo ubone inzira nziza yo guhangana n'iki kibazo.

Ibintu by'ingenzi ugomba kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Ndizera ko ubu usobanukiwe neza indwara y'imitsi y'umutima twavuze uyu munsi (Dilated Cardiomyopathy) . Nubwo iyi ari indwara ikomeye, iyo uyimenye kandi ukayifata neza, ushobora kubaho ubuzima bwiza.

Igikuru ni ukumenya ibimenyetso, gushaka inama z'abaganga vuba, no gukurikiza neza uburyo umuganga wawe agufata n'amabwiriza. Ntabwo uri wenyine, hari abaganga n'abakozi bo mu rwego rw'ubuzima bagufasha no kukuyobora muri uru rugendo. Komera rero uhangane n'iki kibazo.

Indwara z'umutima , umutima wagutse, indwara z'umutima zaguwe nabi, gucika intege kw'imitsi y'umutima, guhumeka nabi, umutima unanirwa, kuvura umutima