Ese ijisho rimwe riraziba iyo uhindukije amaso yawe ku ruhande? Reka tuvuge kuri Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia (INO)!

Ese wigeze ubona, cyangwa wiboneye ko iyo ugerageje kureba uruhande rumwe, rimwe mu maso yawe risa n’aho rireba mu rundi ruhande aho kureba muri urwo ruhande? Cyangwa ijisho rimwe rihagarara hagati maze irindi ryonyine rigahita rijya ku ruhande? Ibi bishobora kuba ibintu bitera impagarara kandi bibabaza. Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku mpamvu imwe ishobora gutera ibi, ari yo indwara yitwa `Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia` cyangwa `(INO)`. Ntugahangayike, reka tubisobanure mu buryo bworoshye.

INO ni iki? (INO ni iki?)

Mu magambo make, `Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia (INO)` ni ijambo ry’ubuvuzi risobanura indwara aho rimwe mu maso yawe (rimwe na rimwe amaso yombi) ritahindukira burundu muri iyo cyerekezo iyo ugerageje kureba ku ruhande. Urugero, niba ugerageje kureba iburyo, ijisho ryawe ry’ibumoso rihagarara hagati, ntirirenze izuru ryawe. Cyangwa niba ugerageje kureba ibumoso, ijisho ryawe ry’iburyo rirahagarara.

Iyo dusesenguye gato icyo izina risobanura, "Internuclear" yerekeza ku buryo imyanya y'imitsi (nuclei) ikorana. "Ophthalmoplegia" yerekeza ku guhagarara kw'imitsi y'amaso. Rero, muri `(INO)`, hari kwangirika ku nzira yihariye y'imitsi (yitwa `Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus`) ituruka mu bwonko ihuza ingendo z'amaso yacu. Iyi nzira y'imitsi ni nk'uburyo bwo gufunga insinga z'inzu. Ntitwitaho cyane kugeza igihe ikoze neza, ariko ni igihe gusa hari ikintu kitagenda neza muri yo ari bwo tubona akamaro kayo.

INO ishobora kugira ingaruka ku jisho rimwe gusa (INO imwe) cyangwa amaso yombi icyarimwe (INO ebyiri).

Icy'ingenzi: Hari igihe iyi ndwara ya "INO" ishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'indwara ikomeye kandi ishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga, nko kurwara indwara yo mu bwonko. Niba wowe cyangwa undi muntu uzi ahuye n'izi mpinduka mu maso hamwe n'ibimenyetso by'indwara yo mu bwonko (urugero: kunama kw'ijisho, kubura ibinure mu kuboko cyangwa ku kuguru, kugorwa no kuvuga), ugomba guhamagara 911 ako kanya ukajya kwa muganga.

Hari abantu bakira burundu indwara ya INO. Ariko, hari abantu bashobora kugira ibimenyetso ubuzima bwabo bwose. Igihe bifata kugira ngo gukira giterwa ahanini n'impamvu nyamukuru ya INO.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya INO? (Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya INO?)

Ikimenyetso nyamukuru kandi kigaragara cyane ni uko ijisho rimwe ridahindukira neza iyo rireba ku ruhande. Byongeye kandi, ibi bikurikira bishobora kubaho:

• Kureba kabiri (Diplopia): Ibi bigaragara cyane iyo urebye ku ruhande. Kuri bamwe, bishobora no kubaho iyo urebye hejuru. Tekereza, byagenda bite uramutse ugenda mu muhanda ukabona ibintu byose mu buryo bubiri? Byaba bibabaje cyane, si byo se?
• Kutabona neza cyangwa kutabona neza: Ibintu byahoze bigaragara neza bishobora kugaragara nk'ibidasobanutse neza.
• Kuzungera: Kubera ko amaso adakorana, ibibazo byo kuringaniza umubiri bishobora kubaho kandi bigasa n'izunguza.
• Hari igihe umuntu ashobora kubona isura y'amaso yihuta cyane (nystagmus) idafitanye isano n'icyerekezo cy'amaso.

Kuki INO iba? Ni izihe mpamvu?

Nkuko nabivuze mbere, IOP iterwa no kwangirika kwa Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus (MLF), uburyo bwo kugabanya umuvuduko w'amaso yacu. Iyi MLF itwara imitsi igenzura uko umutwe n'amaso yacu bigenda (harimo n'umutsi wa gatatu w'inyuma, umutsi wa Oculomotor). Ni nk'"uburyo bugoye bwo gufunga" mu mubiri wacu.

Hari abantu bagira INO nyuma yo gukomereka mu bwonko (stroke) byangiza ubwonko. Brainstem ni igice cy'ubwonko kiri hasi gihuza ubwonko bwacu n'umugongo (urusobe rw'imitsi inyura mu ruti rw'umugongo). Iki ni igice cy'ingenzi cyane cy'urusobe rw'imitsi rwo hagati.

Impamvu nke z'ingenzi:

Dore zimwe mu mpamvu z'ingenzi zitera `(INO)`:

• Multiple Sclerosis (MS): Iyi ni indwara ifata uturemangingo tw'imitsi.
• Imitsi yo mu bwonko: Imitsi yo mu bwonko igira ingaruka ku buryo bwihariye ku gice cy'ubwonko.
• Kuva amaraso: Kuva amaraso mu bwonko.
• Kumererwa nabi kw'imitsi yo mu bwonko (AVM): Kutamera neza kw'imitsi y'amaraso mu bwonko.
• Encephalitis: Kubyimba ubwonko guterwa n'indwara zitandukanye, nka Lyme disease, virusi itera SIDA, na Herpes Zoster (virusi itera inkoko n'ibishishi).
• Ibikomere byo mu bwonko bikomeretsa umutima (TBI) ni ibikomere byo mu bwonko biterwa n'ibikomere bikomeye byo mu mutwe .
• Indwara ziterwa n'ubwirinzi bw'umubiri: Indwara zifata uturemangingo tw'umubiri, nka lupus na Sjögren's syndrome.

Ni gute indwara ya INO ipimwa?

Umuganga azasuzuma INO binyuze mu gusuzuma umubiri. Azareba amaso yawe arebe uko agenda. Azagusaba kureba impande zose, hejuru no hasi. Ibi bizagufasha kumenya niba ijisho rimwe riri kugenda ritajyanye n'irindi.

Hari igihe, iyo ufite indwara nk'indwara yo mu bwonko cyangwa imvune yo mu mutwe, iyi ndwara ishobora kuboneka ku bw'impanuka mu gihe cy'ibizamini byakozwe icyo gihe.

Ni ibihe bizamini bikorwa?

Muganga wawe ashobora gukenera gukora isuzuma rimwe cyangwa menshi muri aya akurikira kugira ngo amenye niba hari ibyangiritse ku nzira y'imitsi yitwa Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus (MLF):

• MRI scan (MRI - Ishusho ya Magnetic Resonance) .
• Isuzuma rya CT (CT - Isuzuma rya Computed Tomography)

Niba izi scan zidatanga amakuru asobanutse neza, muganga ashobora kukugira inama yo gukora ibindi bipimo:

• Ibipimo by'amaraso: Ibi bishobora kugaragaza indwara cyangwa ibindi bibazo bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bwonko.
• Gufata umugongo/Urubozo rw'umugongo: Ibi bikubiyemo gufata icyitegererezo cy'amazi akikije ubwonko bwawe n'umugongo wawe (amazi yo mu bwonko). Ibi bifasha cyane cyane mu gusuzuma indwara zandura.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura INO?

Uburyo bwo kuvura (INO) buterwa n'impamvu. Muganga wawe azavura impamvu nyamukuru aho kuvura iyo ndwara ubwayo.

Tekereza, niba impamvu ya `(INO)` ari indwara yo mu bwonko cyangwa indwara nka multiple sclerosis`(MS)`, bishobora gusaba kuvurwa igihe kirekire - wenda ubuzima bwose.

Iyo `(INO)` itewe n'ubwandu, ubusanzwe `(INO)` izakira iyo ubwandu bumaze kuvurwa.

Hari igihe, iyo ibimenyetso bikomeje, muganga wawe ashobora kuguha urushinge rw'uburozi bwa botulinum kugira ngo worohereze imitsi ikikije amaso yawe. Ibi bishobora kugabanya kureba kabiri (diplopia) no guhindagura amaso mu buryo butaziguye (nystagmus).

Muganga wawe azagusobanurira uburyo bwo kuvurwa ukeneye n'icyo ushobora kwitega muri ubwo buryo.

Ese INO ishobora kwirindwa?

Mu by’ukuri, biragoye gukumira burundu iki kibazo kuko impamvu (nk’ibintu byihutirwa, kwandura indwara) zigitera ziba mu buryo butunguranye kandi butunguranye.

Ariko muri rusange, ni ingenzi cyane kwambara imyenda irinda amaso n'ibikoresho biyirinda neza iyo uri gukorana n'ibikoresho cyangwa ukora ibikorwa bishobora gutera imvune ku mutwe cyangwa mu maso. Ibi bizafasha mu gukumira imvune zo mu bwonko, zimwe mu mpamvu zitera INO.

Ni ryari amaso agomba gusuzumwa?

Mu gusuzuma amaso yawe buri gihe no kureba neza, umuganga wawe w'amaso ashobora kumenya ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose hakiri kare. Inshuro zo gupimwa amaso muri rusange ziratandukanye bitewe n'imyaka yawe:

• Abantu bari munsi y'imyaka 40: Buri myaka 5 cyangwa 10.
• Abantu bari hagati y'imyaka 40 na 54: Buri myaka 2 cyangwa 4.
• Abantu bari hagati y'imyaka 55 na 64: Buri mwaka 1 kugeza kuri 3. (Ingingo ya mbere yari ifite amakosa yo kwandika 55-54, igomba gukosorwa 55-64)
• Abantu bafite imyaka 65 kuzamura: Buri mwaka cyangwa buri myaka 2.

Ariko, niba ufite ikibazo, nka diyabete, bigira ingaruka ku buryo ubwonko bwawe bugenzura amaso yawe, ushobora gukenera gusuzumwa amaso yawe kenshi kurusha ibi. Baza muganga wawe w'amaso inshuro ugomba gusuzumwa amaso yawe.

Ni iki umuntu ufite INO ashobora kwitega?

INO rimwe na rimwe ishobora kuba ikibazo cy'igihe gito, ariko hari abantu bashobora kugira ibimenyetso mu buzima bwabo bwose. Byose biterwa n'icyateye INO kugaragara mbere na mbere. INO ishobora kumara igihe kirekire mu ndwara nka multiple sclerosis (MS) cyangwa zimwe mu ndwara zifata ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri.

Abantu barwara `(INO)` bitewe n'ubwandu akenshi bakira nyuma y'uko ubwandu burangiye, kandi nta ngaruka z'igihe kirekire zibaho.

Niba waragize ikibazo cyo gucika kw'imitsi, kuva amaraso, cyangwa imvune mu bwonko, cyangwa niba ufite indwara ya sclerosis nyinshi (MS), ushobora kugira ibimenyetso by'igihe kirekire. Uburyo amaso yawe n'amaso yawe bizakira neza biterwa n'igihe amaraso yahagaze mu bwonko bwawe no mu mitsi.

Vugana na muganga wawe kugira ngo umenye byinshi ku byo witeze n'uko wakwitwara mu gihe ufite ibimenyetso.

Ni ryari ngomba kujya kwa muganga?

Shaka muganga ukimara kubona impinduka mu maso yawe cyangwa mu maso yawe.

Nanone, niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso , jya mu cyumba cy’ubutabazi bw’ibanze cy’ibitaro vuba:

• Niba udashobora kwimura amaso yawe.
• Niba uhita utakaza ubushobozi bwo kureba (bwose cyangwa igice cyabwo).
• Niba ufite ububabare bukomeye mu maso.
• Niba utangiye kubona ibimenyetso bishya cyangwa ibintu birebire imbere y'amaso yawe.

Ni ibihe bibazo ngomba kubaza muganga?

Iyo ugiye kwa muganga, ntugatinye kubaza ibibazo nk'ibi:

• Iyi ngaruka izamara igihe kingana iki ku maso yanjye?
• Ese icyerekezo cyanjye kizahinduka burundu?
• Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ubuvuzi nkeneye?
• Ni kangahe nkwiye gusuzumwa amaso yanjye mu gihe kiri imbere?

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya INO na Strabismus?

(INO) iterwa no kwangirika kw'inzira y'imitsi yitwa Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus (MLF) hamwe n'imitsi igenzura izenguruka ry'amaso.

Strabismus ni ijambo rusange risobanura indwara iyo ari yo yose amaso adashobora gukomeza kwerekeza mu cyerekezo kimwe. Ubusanzwe, imitsi itandatu igenzura imyitwarire y'amaso yacu ikorana kugira ngo ihindukize amaso yombi mu cyerekezo kimwe. Abantu bafite strabismus bagorwa no kugenzura imyitwarire y'amaso bitewe n'ikibazo runaka kigira ingaruka kuri iyo mitsi. Rero, strabismus ni ikibazo cy'imitsi, naho strabismus ni indwara yagutse, akenshi iterwa n'imitsi.

Pseudo-INO ni iki? (Pseudo-INO ni iki?)

`Pseudo-INO` (bisobanura "INO y'ikinyoma") na yo igaragaza ibimenyetso bisa na `(INO)`. Ariko, ni indwara itandukanye igira ingaruka ku maso.

Impamvu nyamukuru ya `Pseudo-INO` ni indwara yitwa Myasthenia Gravis. Iyi `(Myasthenia Gravis)` itera intege nke z'imitsi mu mubiri wose. Niba iyi ntege nke igize ingaruka ku mitsi ikikije amaso, ushobora kudashobora kugenzura uko amaso agenda. Niba ugize intege nke nshya z'imitsi, gana muganga.

Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo

Indwara y'amaso yo mu bwoko bwa Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) ni indwara igira ingaruka ku bushobozi bw'amaso yawe bwo kugenda neza. Akenshi iterwa n'indwara ikomeye cyangwa impanuka. Impamvu iyo ari yo yose y'ibimenyetso byawe, muganga wawe ashobora kugufasha kubona uburyo bwo kuvura bukubereye. Ntutinye kubaza muganga wawe ibibazo byose ushobora kuba ufite muri uru rugendo. Iyo uhawe ubufasha bwihuse kandi ukavurwa neza, iyi ndwara irashobora gukemurwa.

ophthalmoplegia y'inyunganiramirire, INO, kugenda kw'amaso, kureba kabiri, diplopia, guhagarara k'umutima, imitsi yo mu mutwe