Ese umutima wawe uhita utera cyane? Reka twige kuri iyi (Junctional Tachycardia) !

Ese wowe cyangwa umuntu wo mu muryango wawe, cyane cyane umwana muto, wigeze ugira umuvuduko utunguranye w'umutima utera cyane mu buryo butunguranye? Cyangwa wagize ubwoba gato ubwo muganga yakubwiraga izina rya (Junctional Tachycardia)? Ntugahangayike. Iyi ni indwara idasanzwe, ariko nuyisobanukirwa mu buryo bworoshye, uzumva uhumurijwe cyane. Reka tubiganireho birambuye uyu munsi.

(Junctional Tachycardia) ni iki? Mu magambo make cyane...

Mu magambo make, (Junctional Tachycardia) ni indwara aho imivuduko y'umutima wacu, ni ukuvuga imiterere y'umutima wacu, iba itandukanye gato, kandi ikabaho ku muvuduko wihuta. Mu by'ukuri, ikibaho hano ni uko umutima udatangira ahantu heza, ahubwo utangirira ahandi kandi ukihuta cyane.

Tekereza, umutima wacu ufite sisitemu y'amashanyarazi. Ibi nibyo biha umutima ikimenyetso cyo gutera mu gihe gikwiye. Ubusanzwe, iki kimenyetso gitangira ahantu hato hitwa (Node ya Sinoatrial) hejuru y'umutima. Ni nk'aho ari ho hacanira amashanyarazi mu nzu yacu. Kuva aho, ubutumwa bw'amashanyarazi bunyura mu mutima bugatuma imitsi y'umutima ifungana kandi igatera. Ibi tubyita (Normal Sinus Rhythm).

Ariko, rimwe na rimwe iyo hagize ikintu kibaho kuri iyi (Node ya Sinoatrial), ntishobora gukora neza. Kimwe n'umukinnyi w'inyongera mu ikinamico iyo umukinnyi mukuru arwaye, ahandi hantu mu mutima, ni ukuvuga (Node ya Atrioventricular) iri hagati y'icyumba cyo hejuru n'icyo hasi cy'umutima (ibi bishobora kandi kwitwa "ihuriro" ry'umutima), ifata inshingano zo gutangiza umutima. Muri ubwo buryo, umutima utera cyane uhereye aho umutima uhurira witwa (Junctional Tachycardia).

Ubusanzwe, iyo turuhutse, umutima wacu utera hagati y’inshuro 60 na 100 ku munota. Ariko, ku muntu urwaye "Junctional Tachycardia", umutima utera inshuro zirenga 100 ku munota, rimwe na rimwe ukaba wihuta cyane.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ingenzi bwa (Junctional Tachycardia)?

Uku kutumvikana kw'imitsi y'umutima bishobora kubaho mu buryo bubiri bw'ingenzi.

1. Indwara y'umutima y'ibanze cyangwa iy'ivuka (Junctional Tachycardia)

Ubu ni bwo bwoko budasanzwe. Hari abana bashobora kugira ubu burwayi igihe bavuka. Ibi bibaye, icyumba cyo hasi (ventricles) cy'umutima w'umwana gishobora gutera ku muvuduko mwinshi cyane, inshuro zigera kuri 200 kugeza kuri 250 ku munota. Iyi ni indwara ikomeye cyane.

2. Indwara ya kabiri cyangwa nyuma yo kubagwa (Junctional Tachycardia)

Ubu ni bwo bwoko bukunze kugaragara cyane. Bushobora kubaho, cyane cyane ku bana bato bafite ikibazo cy'umutima bavukanye nyuma yo kubagwa kugira ngo gikosorwe. Urugero, bamwe mu bana babazwe kugira ngo bakosore ikibazo cy'umutima cyitwa Tetralogy of Fallot bashobora kurwara iki kibazo. Bushobora kubaho hagati ya 5% na 11% by'abana babazwe.

Ese (Junctional Tachycardia) ni (SVT)?

Yego, (Junctional Tachycardia) ni ubwoko bwa (SVT). (SVT) isobanura (Supraventricular Tachycardia). Ni ukuvuga, umutima wihuta utangirira mu byumba byo hejuru by'umutima (hejuru ya Ventricles).

Ni nde ugerwaho n'iki kibazo cyane?

Indwara ya Tachycardia yo mu maraso (Junctional Tachycardia) ikunze kugaragara ku bantu bakuru. Ariko, ikunze kugaragara ku bana bato n'impinja. Nkuko byavuzwe mbere, ishobora guterwa n'impamvu yavutse (idasanzwe) cyangwa nyuma yo kubagwa umutima.

Ibimenyetso ni ibihe? Twabimenya dute?

Hari igihe iyi ndwara ishobora kubaho nta bimenyetso. Ariko iyo ibimenyetso bigaragaye, bishobora kuba birimo:

• Gutera ubwoba mu gituza : Bishobora kumvikana nk'aho hari umuntu uri kwiruka mu gituza cyawe, cyangwa nk'aho umutima wawe uri gusimbuka umuvuduko umwe cyangwa ibiri.
• Kuzungera : Ushobora kumva uzungera kandi ukagorwa no guhagarara.
• Gucika intege : Ushobora gutakaza ubwenge mu buryo butunguranye ukagwa.
• Kumva unaniwe cyane : Ushobora kumva unaniwe cyane ku buryo ntacyo ushobora gukora.

Niba ibi bimenyetso bigaragaye, cyane cyane ku mwana muto, ni ngombwa cyane gushaka inama kwa muganga byihutirwa.

Ni izihe mpamvu za (Junctional Tachycardia)?

Hari impamvu nyinshi zishobora kubangamira "Node ya Sinoatrial" mu mutima wacu kugira ngo ikore ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi neza. Niyo mpamvu "Junctional Tachycardia" ibaho.

Urugero, iyi ndwara ishobora guterwa n'uburozi bw'umuti (Digoxin) (amazina y'ibirango Cardoxin® cyangwa Digitek®).

Dore izindi mpamvu nke:

• Myocarditis : Kubyimba imitsi y'umutima.
• Indwara y'umutima .
• Gusimbuza utwuma tw'umutima cyangwa ubundi buryo bwo kubaga umutima.
• Indwara y'umutima yavukanye : Iyi ni impamvu idakunze kubaho.
• Gukoresha catheter ablation ni uburyo bwo kuvura indi ndwara y’umutima.
• Indwara ya Lyme .

Ni gute wamenya (Junctional Tachycardia)?

Ikizamini nyamukuru cyo gusuzuma iyi ndwara ni (Electrocardiogram - ECG). Iki kizandika imikorere y'amashanyarazi y'umutima. Umuntu ufite (Junctional Tachycardia) azaba afite P wave ibura muri ECG. Iki P wave ni ikimenyetso cy'uko umutima utangiye gutera uturutse kuri (Sinoatrial node).

Uretse ECG, muganga wawe azagukorera amateka yawe yose y’ubuzima. Ashobora kandi gutumiza ibindi bipimo, nko gupima amaraso no gupima umutima, ari byo gupima umutima hakoreshejwe ultrasound.

Ivurwa ite?

Uburyo bwo kuvura buterwa n'icyateye iyo ndwara n'ibimenyetso by'indwara yawe. Niba indwara idasanzwe itangiye nyuma yo kubagwa umutima, muganga wawe ashobora:

• Gukosora ihindagurika ry'amashanyarazi mu mubiri.
• Reba niba ufite umuriro, kandi niba uhari, uwuvure.
• Kwandikira imiti igabanya umuvuduko w'umutima.

Hari ubundi buryo bwo kuvura:

• Imiti yo kugabanya umuvuduko w'umutima cyangwa kuwusubiza ku murongo usanzwe, nka (Amiodarone) (amazina y'ibirango Cordarone® cyangwa Pacerone®), ishobora gutangwa.
• Uburyo bwo kuvura bwitwa (Catheter ablation) cyangwa (Cryoablation) nabwo ni bwo. Muri ubu buryo, catheter ishyirwa mu gace k'umutima gatera ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi bidasobanutse neza kandi bigasenya ako gace. (Cryoablation) ni uburyo bukoresha ubukonje bukabije.
• Gukoresha imbaraga nyinshi mu gutera umutima mu buryo busanzwe: Kugerageza gusubiza umutima mu buryo busanzwe hakoreshejwe igikoresho cyo hanze, nka pacemaker.

Ese hari ingorane ziri mu kuvura?

Nyuma yo kuvurwa (Catheter ablation), hari igihe iyi rhythm idasanzwe ishobora kugaruka. Nanone, hamwe na (Catheter ablation) ku bantu bakuru, hari ibyago byo (Atrioventricular block) (ni ukuvuga kuziba k'umuyoboro ukurikira utwara ikimenyetso cy'amashanyarazi nyuma ya (Sinoatrial node)). Kubera ko iyi ngaruka ari nke, abaganga rimwe na rimwe bakoresha uburyo bwa (Cryoablation). Niba (Ablation) idakora neza nyuma y'inshuro ebyiri, ushobora no gukenera gushyirwamo (Pacemaker) (igikoresho gito kigenzura umutima).

Bifata igihe kingana iki kugira ngo umuntu akire ubu buryo bwo kuvura?

Ubusanzwe, nyuma yo guterwa catheter, ushobora gutaha ugahita usubira mu mirimo yawe isanzwe. Ariko, ushobora gutegereza iminsi mike mbere yo gukora imirimo igoye. Muganga wawe azaguha amabwiriza yihariye kuri ibi.

Ese ibyago byo kurwara (Junctional Tachycardia) bishobora kugabanuka?

Abaganga bashobora kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara Junctional Tachycardia batanga imiti imwe n'imwe mbere cyangwa mu gihe cyo kubagwa. Urugero:

• (Magnesiyumu)
• (Propranolol) (amazina y'ibirango Inderal®XL cyangwa InnoPran®XL)
• (Dexmedetomidine) (Iyi ikoreshwa rimwe na rimwe mu gihe cyo kubaga umutima ku bana bato)

Ni iki umuntu urwaye (Junctional Tachycardia) ashobora kwitega?

Iyo icyateye iyi rhythm idasanzwe kimaze kuboneka no kuvurwa, ibimenyetso bizagenda birushaho kwiyongera. Ariko, uzakenera kuguma mu bitaro kugeza igihe imiterere yawe ya "Junctional Tachycardia" izakira.

Ibisubizo by'iyi ndwara (Outlook) biratandukanye bitewe n'ubwoko bwayo.

• Indwara y'umutima y'ibanze cyangwa iy'ivuka (Junctional Tachycardia)Iyi ndwara iragoye kuyivura. Ishobora kandi gutera indwara zikomeye nka (Umutima unanirwa) (umutima unanirwa), (Umutima ufunganye neza) (kuziba kw'ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi by'umutima), na (Umutima ufunganye neza) (gukubita mu byumba byo hasi by'umutima mu buryo butagenzurwa). Iyo itavuwe, hari amahirwe 9% yo gupfa. Ariko, iyo iyi gahunda itangiye nyuma y'amezi atandatu ya mbere y'ubuzima, umusaruro uba mwiza cyane.
• Indwara ya Secondary cyangwa Postoperative Junctional Tachycardia ikunze kubaho iminsi ibiri cyangwa itatu nyuma yo kubagwa, ariko akenshi irashira mu cyumweru kimwe. Ishobora gutera umuvuduko muke w'amaraso, isereri, no guta ubwenge.

Ni ryari ngomba kubonana na muganga?

Ugomba kujya kwa muganga wawe kugira ngo agukurikirane nyuma y'ibyumweru bibiri uvuye mu bitaro. Ugomba kandi gukomeza kuvurwa indwara yateye tachycardia y'amagufwa.

Ni ryari nkwiye kujya mu cyumba cy’ubutabazi bw’ibanze (ER)?

Niba warigeze guterwa catheter, shaka ubufasha bwa muganga ako kanya niba ugaragaje kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso bikurikira aho catheter ishyizwe (akenshi mu kibuno):

• Iyo bibyimbye mu buryo butunguranye.
• Niba kuva amaraso bitahagaze nubwo wamaze kubikanda no kubifata.

Ni ibihe bibazo ngomba kubaza muganga wanjye?

Iyo umenye ko wowe cyangwa umwana wawe afite iyi ndwara, ni ibisanzwe kugira ibibazo byinshi. Ntutinye kubaza muganga wawe ibi bintu:

• Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa Junctional Tachycardia umwana wanjye/njye afite?
• Ni ubuhe buryo bwiza bwo kuvura indwara yanjye?
• Ese hari amahirwe ko n'abandi bana banjye bazarwara iyi ndwara?

Niba umwana wawe afite Junctional Tachycardia, baza muganga wawe ibimenyetso hanyuma ubyumve. Hanyuma, niba ikintu nk'iki cyongeye kubaho, ushobora kubimenya vuba. Ntutinye kubaza ibibazo ku bijyanye n'ubuvuzi umwana wawe arimo guhabwa n'ingaruka zishobora kumubaho. Kumenya ibi byose bizagufasha gufata ibyemezo byiza ku mibereho myiza y'umwana wawe.

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Ntugatinye iyo wumvise izina (Junctional Tachycardia). Iki ni ikibazo ku mikorere y'umutima, ariko:

• Ibi bishobora kumenyekana. Ibi bishobora kumenyekana binyuze mu bizamini nka ECG.
• Hari uburyo bwo kuvura. Bitewe n'impamvu, ishobora kugenzurwa hakoreshejwe imiti cyangwa uburyo nka (Ablation).
• Ubwoko bw'indwara ibaho, cyane cyane nyuma yo kubagwa, akenshi ni ubw'igihe gito. Izakira mu minsi mike.
• Vugana na muganga wawe nta guhisha. Vugana na muganga wawe ibibazo byawe byose n'ubwoba bwawe maze wumve umerewe neza.

Igikuru ni ukwibuka ko utari wenyine. Abaganga n'abakozi bo mu rwego rw'ubuzima bahora biteguye kugufasha.

Ndakwifurije ubuzima bwiza wowe n'umuryango wawe!

Umutima utera, Indwara z'umutima, Tachycardia, Indwara z'umutima z'abana, ECG, Kubaga umutima, Tachycardia y'amagufwa