Ese ufite cholesterol nyinshi? Reka tuganire ku buryo bwo kuyigenzura!

Ijambo 'cholesterol' rizwi n'abantu benshi mu gihugu cyacu ubu, si byo se? Dukunze kumva ibintu nka 'Mfite cholesterol nyinshi', 'Ntukarye ibiryo birimo amavuta bitabaye ibyo uzarwara cholesterol'. Ariko se iyi cholesterol ni iki? Kuki ari mbi? Abantu benshi ntibabizi. Ikintu giteje akaga cyane ni uko umubiri wacu utagaragaza ibimenyetso nubwo cholesterol yacu iri hejuru. Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa cyane ko tumenya neza uyu mwanzi utagira icyo avuga.

Kolesteroli ni iki mu by'ukuri?

Muri make, cholesterol ni ubwoko bw'ibinure biboneka mu maraso yacu. Birakenewe kugira ngo yubake uturemangingo, birinde imitsi, kandi bikore imisemburo. Ariko ikibazo gitangira iyo tubifite cyane.

Hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bwa cholesterol:

1. Cholesterol ya LDL (Lipoprotein y’ubucucike buke): Iyi ni yo twita "cholesterol mbi" . Kimwe n’umwanda ufata mu muyoboro w’amazi, iyi cholesterol ya LDL yiyongera ku nkuta z’imitsi yacu y’amaraso, ikayifunga.

2. Cholesterol ya HDL (lipoprotein ifite ubucucike bwinshi): Iyi tuyita cholesterol "nziza" . Ikora mu gukura cholesterol mbi ya LDL mu mitsi y'amaraso no kuyisukura. Ni nk'umuti usukura.

Uretse ibi bibiri, hari ubundi bwoko bw'ibinure mu maraso yacu bwitwa triglycerides . Kimwe na LDL, iyo ibi birengeje urugero, byongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara z'umutima.

Ubusanzwe, umwijima wacu utanga cholesterol dukeneye. Ariko tunabona cholesterol yiyongereye mu biribwa turya, cyane cyane ibiryo byatunganyijwe (urugero: donuts, pizza ikonje, biscuits, patties, rolls) n'ibiribwa by'inyamaswa (amata, amagi, inyama). Uko igihe kigenda gihita, iyi cholesterol yiyongereyeho ishobora gutangira kwangiza imibiri yacu tutabizi.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'uko umuntu afite cholesterol nyinshi?

Iki ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi kurusha ibindi. Nubwo cholesterol yawe yaba iri hejuru, ushobora kutagaragaza ibimenyetso. Ushobora kugira cholesterol nyinshi mu mubiri wawe utabizi.

Kumenya izi ndangagaciro bishobora kugufasha kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara indwara z'umutima. Niba usanzwe ufite indwara z'umutima, kugabanya cholesterol yawe bishobora kugufasha kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara indwara z'umutima cyangwa urupfu rujyanye nazo.

Ni gute wamenya urugero rwa cholesterol?

Niba ufite imyaka irenga 20, abaganga bakugira inama yo gusuzuma urugero rwa cholesterol yawe nibura buri myaka 5. Ibi bikorwa hakoreshejwe isuzuma ryoroheje ry'amaraso ryitwa lipid profile . Iki kizamini kigaragaza ibi bikurikira kuri wowe:

• Igipimo cyose cya cholesterol
• Igipimo cya cholesterol mbi (LDL)
• Igipimo cya cholesterol ya HDL (nziza)
• Urugero rwa triglyceride

Ni ngombwa gupimwa cholesterol yawe ndetse no ku bana. Akenshi bigirwa inama ko abana bapimwa cholesterol yabo rimwe hagati y'imyaka 9 na 11. Ariko, niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bintu bikurikira bishobora gutera ibyago, ni ngombwa ko upimwa mbere y'igihe (hagati y'imyaka 2 na 10).

Igipimo cya cholesterol yawe kizagufasha wowe na muganga wawe guhitamo ibyago byawe byo kurwara indwara z'umutima, n'uburyo bwiza bwo kuyigabanya. Urugero, niba igipimo cya LDL cy'umuntu mukuru kiri kuri 190 mg/dL cyangwa kirenzeho, gifatwa nk'aho kiri hejuru cyane. Muganga wawe azakubwira uburyo bwo gutangira imiti yo kuyigabanya. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, niba igipimo cya HDL (cyiza) kiri kuri 60 mg/dL cyangwa kirenzeho, ibyago byawe byo kurwara indwara z'umutima biragabanuka.

Ni izihe mpamvu zitera cholesterol nyinshi?

Ibintu bitandukanye bishobora gutuma urugero rwa cholesterol rwiyongera cyangwa rugabanuka.

Indyo

• Ibinure byuzuye na karubohidrati byoroshye: Kugabanya ibiryo birimo ibi biryo bishobora gufasha kugabanya urugero rwa cholesterol mu maraso.
• Ibinure bya Trans: Irinde ibinure bya trans by’ubukorano. Ibi byongera cholesterol. Reba ibirango by’ibiryo bitetse, utuntu duto, pizza ikonje, margarine, nibindi. Niba ikirango kivuga ngo "Bifite hydrogenation igice," bivuze ko birimo ibinure bya trans.
• Ibinure byiza (Ibinure bitagira ibinure): Ibi ntibizamura urugero rwa cholesterol. Ibi binure byiza biboneka mu bintu nk'imbuto, amafi, amavuta y'imboga, amavuta ya elayo na avoka.
• Isukari: Kurya no kunywa isukari nyinshi bishobora kongera urugero rwa triglyceride mu mubiri wawe.
• Fibre: Ibiribwa birimo fibre nyinshi bifasha kugabanya urugero rwa cholesterol. Fibre iboneka mu binyamisogwe, imboga, imbuto, imbuto z'ubunyobwa, n'ibinyampeke byuzuye.

Imibereho n'ibindi bintu

• Kubyibuha cyane: Kugira umubyibuho ukabije ni ikintu gishobora gutera indwara z'umutima. Binakongera urugero rwa cholesterol. Kugabanya ibiro bishobora gufasha kugabanya urugero rwa LDL, cholesterol yose, na triglyceride.
• Imyitozo ngororamubiri: Imyitozo ngororamubiri isanzwe ishobora kugabanya cholesterol mbi ya LDL no kongera cholesterol nziza ya HDL. Igamize nibura amasaha 2 1/2 yo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri iringaniye, nko kugenda n'amaguru vuba, buri cyumweru.
• Kunywa itabi: Kunywa itabi bishobora kongera ibinure mu maraso (triglyceride) no kugabanya urugero rwiza rwa cholesterol ya HDL.
• Imyaka n'umurage: Igipimo cya cholesterol kigenda cyiyongera uko tugenda dusaza. Hari igihe cholesterol nyinshi ishobora kuba umurage.
• Izindi ndwara n'imiti: Kolesteroli ishobora kwiyongera bitewe n'indwara nka hypothyroidism, indwara y'umwijima, indwara y'impyiko, n'indi miti imwe n'imwe nka steroid.

Imiti igabanya cholesterol

Niba guhindura imibereho yawe gusa bidahagije kugira ngo ugenzure cholesterol yawe, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gufata imiti. Imiti myiza izaterwa n'ibyago byawe muri rusange by'indwara z'umutima.

Byongeye kandi, hari abantu bashobora kugira ingaruka mbi nko guhinduka mu mikorere y'umwijima, kubabara mu gifu, no kuribwa mu nda. Nanone, irinde kunywa umutobe w'imbuto z'umuhondo mu gihe ufata uyu muti. Bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'uyu muti.

Ingorane ziterwa na cholesterol nyinshi

Iyo cholesterol yiyongera, ishyirwa ku nkuta z'imiyoboro y'amaraso, ikagabanya buhoro buhoro imiyoboro y'amaraso ikabyimba. Iki kibazo twita atherosclerosis . Iyo imiyoboro y'amaraso ifunganye muri ubu buryo, amaraso aratembera nabi. Ibice by'umubiri, harimo n'umutima wacu, bibona umwuka wa ogisijeni ukeneye mu maraso. Ibibazo bivuka iyo iyi miyoboro y'amaraso ifunganye.

• Umuvuduko w'amaraso ukabije: Umutima ugomba gukora cyane kugira ngo upime amaraso mu mitsi ifunganye.
• Kubabara mu gituza (Angina): Bibaho iyo imitsi y'umutima idakira amaraso na ogisijeni bihagije.
• Indwara y'umutima n'imitsi yo mu bwonko: Ibi bishobora kubaho iyo igice cy'ibinure cyacitse cyangwa amaraso agafunga burundu, bigafunga burundu imiyoboro y'amaraso ijya mu mutima cyangwa mu bwonko.
• Indwara y'imitsi yo mu gice cy'imbere (PAD): Kuziba kw'imitsi ijyana amaraso ku maguru no ku birenge.